Abnormal Psychology

by Oltmanns, Thomas F.; Emery, Robert E.

• ISBN13: 9780131875210
• ISBN10: 0131875213
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

This new edition retains the book's engaging and innovative systems approach, integrating the biological, psychological, and social perspectives in one concurrent story. Scientific methods are presented in a clear and non-threatening manner, and are based on the most current research. Chapter topics include personality disorders, eating disorders, substance use disorders, sexual and gender identity disorders, schizophrenic disorders, mood disorders and suicide, treatment of psychological disorders, and more.For psychologists, psychiatrists, and professionals in the mental health field.

Table of Contents

Preface	xix
About the Authors	xxvii
Examples and Definitions of Abnormal Behavior	2	(26)
Overview	4	(1)
Case Study: A Husband's Paranoid Schizophrenia	4	(1)
Recognizing the Presence of Disorder	5	(2)
Defining Abnormal Behavior	7	(4)
Harmful Dysfunction	7	(2)
Cultural and Diagnostic Practice	9	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Is Sexual Addiction a Meaningful Concept?	10	(1)
Who Experiences Abnormal Behavior?	11	(4)
Case Study: A College Student's Eating Disorder	11	(1)
Frequency in and Impact on Community Populations	12	(2)
Cross-cultural Comparisons	14	(1)
The Mental Health Professions	15	(2)
Psychopathology in Historical Context	17	(5)
The Greek Tradition in Medicine	17	(1)
The Creation of the Asylum	18	(1)
Worcester Lunatic Hospital: A Model Institution	19	(1)
Lessons from the History of Psychopathology	20	(1)
Research Methods: Who Must Provide Scientific Evidence?	20	(2)
Methods for the Scientific Study of Mental Disorders	22	(6)
The Uses and Limitations of Case Studies	22	(1)
Clinical Research Methods	23	(1)
Getting Help	24	(4)
Causes of Abnormal Behavior	28	(34)
Overview	29	(2)
Case Study: Meghan's Many Hardships	30	(1)
Brief Historical Perspective: Twentieth-Century Paradigms	31	(1)
The Biological Paradigm	31	(5)
The Psychodynamic Paradigm	32	(2)
The Cognitive Behavioral Paradigm	34	(1)
The Humanistic Paradigm	35	(1)
The Problem with Paradigms	35	(1)
Systems Theory	36	(4)
Holism	36	(1)
Research Methods: Correlations: Does Psychology Make You Smarter?	37	(1)
Causality	38	(1)
Developmental Psychopathology	39	(1)
Biological Factors	40	(11)
The Neuron and Neurotransmitters	40	(1)
Neurotransmitters and Psychopathology	41	(1)
Major Brain Structures	41	(3)
Mind-Body Dualism	44	(1)
Cerebral Hemispheres	44	(1)
Psychophysiology	45	(1)
Behavior Genetics	46	(4)
Critical Thinking Matters: Do Vaccinations Cause Autism?	50	(1)
Psychological Factors	51	(4)
Human Nature and Temperament	51	(2)
Emotions	53	(1)
Learning and Cognition	54	(1)
The Sense of Self	54	(1)
Stages of Development	55	(1)
Social Factors	55	(7)
Relationships and Psychopathology	56	(1)
Gender and Gender Roles	57	(1)
Prejudice and Poverty	58	(1)
Societal Values	58	(1)
Getting Help	59	(3)
Treatment of Psychological Disorders	62	(30)
Overview	63	(4)
Case Study: Why Is Frances Depressed?	64	(1)
Frances and the Four Paradigms	65	(2)
Brief Historical Perspective	67	(1)
Biological Treatments	67	(4)
Ethnic Minorities in Psychotherapy	68	(1)
Electroconvulsive Therapy	68	(1)
Psychosurgery	69	(1)
Psychopharmacology	69	(2)
Psychodynamic Psychotherapies	71	(3)
Freudian Psychoanalysis	71	(2)
Ego Analysis	73	(1)
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy	73	(1)
Cognitive Behavior Therapy	74	(4)
Systematic Desensitization	74	(1)
Other Exposure Therapies	74	(1)
Research Methods: The Experimental Method: Does Therapy Work?	75	(1)
Aversion Therapy	75	(1)
Contingency Management	76	(1)
Social Skills Training	77	(1)
Cognitive Techniques	77	(1)
Beck's Cognitive Therapy	77	(1)
Rational-Emotive Therapy	78	(1)
Integration and Research	78	(1)
Humanistic Therapies	78	(1)
Client-Centered Therapy	79	(1)
A Means, Not an End?	79	(1)
Research on Psychotherapy	79	(7)
Critical Thinking Matters: Are All Therapies Created Equal?	80	(1)
Does Psychotherapy Work?	80	(3)
The Allegiance Effect	83	(1)
Psychotherapy Process Research	84	(2)
Couples, Family, and Group Therapy	86	(4)
Couples Therapy	86	(1)
Family Therapy	87	(1)
Group Therapy	88	(1)
Prevention	89	(1)
Specific Treatments for Specific Disorders	90	(2)
Getting Help	90	(2)
Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior	92	(36)
Overview	93	(2)
Case Study: Obsessions, Compulsions, and Other Unusual Behaviors	94	(1)
Basic Issues in Classification	95	(1)
Categories versus Dimensions	95	(1)
From Description to Theory	96	(1)
Classifying Abnormal Behavior	96	(6)
Brief Historical Perspective	97	(1)
The DSM-IV-TR System	97	(1)
Labeling Theory	98	(3)
Culture and Classification	101	(1)
Evaluating Classification Systems	102	(5)
Research Methods: Reliability: Do Clinicians Agree?	103	(1)
Reliability	104	(1)
Validity	104	(1)
Unresolved Questions	105	(1)
Problems and Limitations of the DSM-IV-TR System	106	(1)
Basic Issues in Assessment	107	(2)
Purposes of Clinical Assessment	107	(1)
Assumptions About Consistency of Behavior	108	(1)
Evaluating the Usefulness of Assessment Procedures	108	(1)
Types of Assessment Procedures	109	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Should We Always Trust Clinical Judgments?	110	(1)
Assessing Psychological Systems	110	(11)
Interviews	111	(2)
Observational Procedures	113	(3)
Personality Tests and Self-Report Inventories	116	(3)
Projective Personality Tests	119	(2)
Assessing Social Systems	121	(1)
Assessing Biological Systems	122	(6)
Psychophysiological Assessment	122	(1)
Brain Imaging Techniques	123	(2)
Getting Help	125	(3)
Mood Disorders and Suicide	128	(46)
Overview	129	(4)
Case Study: An Attorney's Major Depressive Episode	131	(1)
Case Study: Debbie's Manic Episode	132	(1)
Symptoms	133	(3)
Emotional Symptoms	133	(1)
Cognitive Symptoms	134	(1)
Somatic Symptoms	134	(1)
Behavioral Symptoms	135	(1)
Other Problems Commonly Associated with Depression	135	(1)
Diagnosis	136	(3)
Brief Historical Perspective	136	(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Systems	136	(3)
Course and Outcome	139	(1)
Unipolar Disorders	139	(1)
Bipolar Disorders	140	(1)
Frequency	140	(3)
Incidence and Prevalence	141	(1)
Gender Differences	141	(1)
Cross-Cultural Differences	142	(1)
Risk for Mood Disorders Across the Life Span	142	(1)
Causes	143	(13)
Social Factors	144	(2)
Social Factors and Bipolar Disorders	146	(1)
Psychological Factors	146	(4)
Biological Factors	150	(6)
Interaction of Social, Psychological, and Biological Factors	156	(1)
Treatment	156	(7)
Unipolar Disorders	156	(1)
Research Methods: Analogue Studies: Do Rats Get Depressed, and Why?	157	(3)
Critical Thinking Matters: Do Antidepressant Drugs Cause Violent Behavior?	160	(1)
Bipolar Disorders	160	(1)
Electroconvulsive Therapy	161	(1)
Seasonal Mood Disorders	162	(1)
Suicide	163	(11)
Brief Case Study: An Admiral's Suicide	163	(1)
Classification of Suicide	164	(1)
Frequency of Suicide	165	(1)
Causes of Suicide	166	(1)
Common Elements of Suicide	167	(1)
Treatment of Suicidal People	168	(3)
Getting Help	171	(3)
Anxiety Disorders	174	(38)
Overview	175	(2)
Case Study: A Writer's Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia	176	(1)
Symptoms	177	(6)
Anxiety	177	(1)
Excessive Worry	178	(1)
Panic Attacks	178	(1)
Phobias	179	(1)
Obsessions and Compulsions	180	(1)
Case Study: Ed's Obsessive--Compulsive Disorder	181	(2)
Diagnosis	183	(4)
Brief Historical Perspective	183	(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Systems	184	(2)
``Lumpers'' and ``Splitters''	186	(1)
Course and Outcome	186	(1)
Frequency	187	(3)
Prevalence	187	(1)
Comorbidity	187	(1)
Gender Differences	188	(1)
Anxiety Across the Life Span	188	(1)
Cross-Cultural Comparisons	189	(1)
Causes	190	(12)
Adaptive and Maladaptive Fears	190	(1)
Social Factors	190	(2)
Psychological Factors	192	(5)
Biological Factors	197	(4)
Critical Thinking Matters: Can a Strep Infection Trigger OCD in Children?	201	(1)
Treatment	202	(10)
Brief Case Study: Ed's Treatment	203	(1)
Psychological Interventions	203	(2)
Research Methods: Statistical Significance: When Differences Matter	205	(1)
Biological Interventions	206	(3)
Getting Help	209	(3)
Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders, Dissociative Disorders, and Somatoform Disorders	212	(38)
Overview	213	(1)
Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders	214	(12)
Case Study: Sexual Assault and Stephanie's PTSD	214	(1)
Symptoms of ASD and PTSD	215	(1)
Diagnosis of ASD and PTSD	216	(3)
The Trauma of Sexual Assault	219	(1)
Frequency of Trauma, PTSD, and ASD	219	(2)
Causes of PTSD and ASD	221	(2)
Prevention and Treatment of ASD and PTSD	223	(3)
Dissociative Disorders	226	(11)
Case Study: Dissociative Fugue---Dallae's Journey	226	(1)
Hysteria and the Unconscious	227	(2)
Symptoms of Dissociative Disorders	229	(1)
Diagnosis of Dissociative Disorders	229	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Recovered Memories?	230	(1)
Brief Case Study: A New York City Firefighter's Amnesia for September 11	231	(1)
Brief Case Study: The Three Faces of Eve	232	(1)
Frequency of Dissociative Disorders	233	(2)
Causes of Dissociative Disorders	235	(1)
Research Methods: Retrospective Reports: Remembering the Past	236	(1)
Treatment of Dissociative Disorders	237	(1)
Somatoform Disorders	237	(13)
Symptoms of Somatoform Disorders	238	(1)
Diagnosis of Somatoform Disorders	238	(1)
Brief Case Study: Janet's Patient	239	(2)
Brief Case Study: Body Dysmorphic Disorder	241	(1)
Frequency of Somatoform Disorders	242	(1)
Causes of Somatoform Disorders	243	(2)
Treatment of Somatoform Disorders	245	(1)
Getting Help	246	(4)
Stress and Physical Health	250	(28)
Overview	251	(2)
Case Study: Bob Carter's Heart Attack	252	(1)
Defining Stress	253	(2)
Stress as a Life Event	253	(1)
Stress as Appraisal of Life Events	253	(2)
Symptoms of Stress	255	(8)
Psychophysiological Responses to Stress	255	(1)
Tend and Befriend: The Female Alternative to Fight or Flight?	256	(2)
Coping	258	(2)
Health Behavior	260	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Resilience	261	(1)
Illness as a Cause of Stress	262	(1)
Diagnosis of Stress and Physical Illness	263	(1)
Brief Historical Perspective	263	(1)
Contemporary Approaches	263	(1)
The Role of Psychological Factors in Some Familiar Illnesses	264	(4)
Cancer	264	(1)
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)	265	(1)
Pain Management	266	(1)
Sleep Disorders	267	(1)
Cardiovascular Disease	268	(10)
Symptoms of Hypertension and CHD	268	(1)
Diagnosis of CVD	268	(1)
Frequency of CVD	268	(2)
Causes of CVD	270	(2)
Research Methods: Longitudinal Studies: Lives Over Time	272	(1)
Prevention and Treatment of CVD	273	(3)
Getting Help	276	(2)
Personality Disorders	278	(38)
Overview	280	(2)
Case Study: A Car Thief's Antisocial Personality Disorder	281	(1)
Symptoms	282	(3)
Social Motivation	282	(1)
Cognitive Perspectives Regarding Self and Others	283	(1)
Temperament and Personality Traits	284	(1)
Context and Personality	284	(1)
Diagnosis	285	(7)
Cluster A: Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal Personality Disorders	286	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Do You Have to Be Paranoid to Survive?	287	(1)
Cluster B: Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic Personality Disorders	287	(1)
Brief Case Study: Borderline Personality Disorder	288	(1)
Cluster C: Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive--Compulsive Personality Disorders	289	(2)
A Dimensional Perspective on Personality Disorders	291	(1)
Brief Case Study: Narcissism from the Perspective of the Five-Factor Model	291	(1)
Frequency	292	(5)
Prevalence in Community and Clinical Samples	292	(1)
Gender Differences	293	(2)
Stability of Personality Disorders over Time	295	(1)
Culture and Personality	295	(1)
Research Methods: Cross-Cultural Comparisons: The Importance of Context	296	(1)
Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD)	297	(3)
Brief Case Study: Schizotypal Personality Disorder	297	(1)
Symptoms	298	(1)
Causes	298	(1)
Treatment	299	(1)
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)	300	(5)
Brief Case Study: Borderline Personality Disorder	300	(1)
Symptoms	301	(1)
Impulse Control Disorders	302	(1)
Causes	303	(1)
Treatment	303	(2)
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)	305	(5)
Brief Case Study: Antisocial Personality Disorder	305	(1)
Symptoms	306	(2)
Causes	308	(2)
Treatment	310	(1)
Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD)	310	(6)
Brief Case Study: Dependent Personality Disorder	311	(1)
Symptoms	311	(1)
Causes	312	(1)
Treatment	312	(1)
Getting Help	313	(3)
Eating Disorders	316	(28)
Overview	317	(2)
Case Study: Serrita's Anorexia	319	(1)
Symptoms of Anorexia	319	(3)
Refusal to Maintain a Normal Weight	319	(1)
Disturbance in Evaluating Weight or Shape	320	(1)
Fear of Gaining Weight	320	(1)
Cessation of Menstruation	320	(1)
Medical Complications	321	(1)
Struggle for Control	321	(1)
Comorbid Psychological Disorders	322	(1)
Symptoms of Bulimia	322	(4)
Case Study: Michelle's Secret	323	(1)
Binge Eating	323	(1)
Inappropriate Compensatory Behavior	324	(1)
Excessive Emphasis on Weight and Shape	325	(1)
Comorbid Psychological Disorders	325	(1)
Medical Complications	325	(1)
Diagnosis of Eating Disorders	326	(2)
Brief Historical Perspective	326	(1)
Contemporary Classification	326	(2)
Frequency of Eating Disorders	328	(3)
Standards of Beauty	329	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: The Pressure to Be Thin	330	(1)
Age of Onset	330	(1)
Causes of Eating Disorders	331	(6)
Social Factors	331	(1)
Eating Disorders in Males	332	(1)
Psychological Factors	333	(3)
Biological Factors	336	(1)
Integration and Alternative Pathways	337	(1)
Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa	337	(2)
Course and Outcome of Anorexia Nervosa	338	(1)
Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa	339	(2)
Antidepressant Medications	339	(1)
Cognitive Behavior Therapy	339	(1)
Interpersonal Psychotherapy	339	(1)
Research Methods: Psychotherapy Placebos: Controlling for Expectations	340	(1)
Course and Outcome of Bulimia Nervosa	341	(1)
Prevention of Eating Disorders	341	(3)
Getting Help	342	(2)
Substance Use Disorders	344	(40)
Overview	345	(3)
Case Study: Ernest Hemingway's Alcohol Dependence	347	(1)
Symptoms	348	(10)
The Concept of Substance Dependence	348	(2)
Alcohol	350	(2)
Nicotine	352	(1)
Amphetamine and Cocaine	352	(2)
Opiates	354	(1)
Brief Case Study: Feelings After Injecting Heroin	354	(2)
Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines	356	(1)
Cannabis	356	(1)
Hallucinogens and Related Drugs	357	(1)
Diagnosis	358	(4)
Brief History of Legal and Illegal Substances	358	(1)
DSM-IV-TR	359	(1)
Proposed Subtypes	360	(1)
Course and Outcome	360	(1)
Other Disorders Commonly Associated with Addictions	361	(1)
Frequency	362	(4)
Prevalence of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence	363	(1)
Prevalence of Drug and Nicotine Dependence	364	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Should Tobacco Products Be Illegal?	365	(1)
Risk for Addiction Across the Life Span	365	(1)
Brief Case Study: Ms. E's Drinking	366	(1)
Causes	366	(9)
Social Factors	367	(1)
Biological Factors	368	(3)
Psychological Factors	371	(2)
Research Methods: Studies of People at Risk for Disorders	373	(1)
Integrated Systems	374	(1)
Treatment	375	(9)
Detoxification	375	(1)
Medications During Remission	375	(1)
Self-Help Groups: Alcoholics Anonymous	376	(1)
Cognitive Behavior Therapy	377	(1)
Brief Case Study: Relapse to Heroin Use	378	(1)
Outcome Results and General Conclusions	379	(2)
Getting Help	381	(3)
Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders	384	(36)
Overview	385	(3)
Case Study: Margaret and Bill's Sexual Communication	386	(1)
Brief Historical Perspective	387	(1)
Sexual Dysfunctions	388	(15)
Symptoms	388	(2)
Diagnosis	390	(1)
Brief Case Study: Sexual Aversion Disorder	391	(1)
Brief Case Study: Male Erectile Disorder	392	(2)
Research Methods: Hypothetical Constructs: What Is Sexual Arousal?	394	(1)
Brief Case Study: Genital Pain	395	(1)
Frequency	396	(2)
Causes	398	(1)
Brief Case Study: Vaginismus and Alcohol Dependence	399	(1)
Treatment	400	(3)
Critical Thinking Matters: Does Medication Cure Sexual Dysfunction?	403	(1)
Paraphilias	403	(12)
Symptoms	403	(1)
Brief Case Study: Paraphilia	404	(1)
Diagnosis	404	(2)
Brief Case Study: Masochism	406	(4)
Frequency	410	(1)
Causes	411	(2)
Treatment	413	(2)
Gender Identity Disorders	415	(5)
Symptoms	415	(1)
Frequency	416	(1)
Causes	416	(1)
Treatment	417	(1)
Getting Help	417	(3)
Schizophrenic Disorders	420	(38)
Overview	421	(3)
Case Study: A New Mother's Paranoid Schizophrenia	422	(1)
Case Study: Edward's Disorganized Schizophrenia	423	(1)
Symptoms	424	(5)
Positive Symptoms	424	(1)
Negative Symptoms	425	(1)
First Person Account of Delusional Beliefs	426	(1)
Disorganization	427	(1)
Case Study: Marsha's Disorganized Speech and Bizarre Behavior	427	(2)
Diagnosis	429	(5)
Brief Historical Perspective	429	(1)
DSM-IV-TR	429	(1)
Subtypes	430	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Are Symptom-Based Subtypes of Schizophrenia Useful?	431	(1)
Related Psychotic Disorders	432	(1)
Course and Outcome	433	(1)
Frequency	434	(2)
Gender Differences	434	(1)
First Person Account: A Mother's Observations	435	(1)
Cross-Cultural Comparisons	435	(1)
Causes	436	(13)
Biological Factors	436	(7)
Social Factors	443	(1)
Psychological Factors	444	(2)
Research Methods: Comparison Groups: What Is Normal?	446	(1)
Integration and Multiple Pathways	447	(1)
The Search for Markers of Vulnerability	447	(2)
Treatment	449	(9)
Antipsychotic Medication	449	(3)
Psychosocial Treatment	452	(3)
Getting Help	455	(3)
Dementia, Delirium, and Amnestic Disorders	458	(30)
Overview	459	(4)
Case Study: A Physician's Developing Dementia	460	(2)
Case Study: Dementia and Delirium--A Niece's Terrible Discoveries	462	(1)
Symptoms	463	(6)
Delirium	463	(1)
Dementia	463	(1)
Memory Changes in Normal Aging	464	(4)
Amnestic Disorder	468	(1)
Case Study: Alcohol-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder--19 Going on 45	468	(1)
Diagnosis	469	(7)
Brief Historical Perspective	469	(1)
Specific Disorders Associated with Dementia	470	(2)
Critical Thinking Matters: How Can Clinicians Establish an Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease?	472	(4)
Frequency of Delirium and Dementia	476	(2)
Prevalence of Dementia	477	(1)
Prevalence by Subtypes of Dementia	477	(1)
Cross-Cultural Comparisons	478	(1)
Causes	478	(5)
Delirium	478	(1)
Dementia	479	(1)
Research Methods: Finding Genes That Cause Behavioral Problems	480	(3)
Treatment and Management	483	(5)
Medication	483	(1)
Environmental and Behavioral Management	484	(1)
Support for Caregivers	485	(1)
Getting Help	486	(2)
Mental Retardation and Pervasive Developmental Disorders	488	(36)
Overview	489	(1)
Mental Retardation	489	(18)
Case Study: Should This Mother Raise Her Children?	490	(1)
Symptoms of Mental Retardation	491	(2)
Research Methods: Central Tendency and Variability: What Do IQ Scores Mean?	493	(2)
Diagnosis of Mental Retardation	495	(2)
Frequency of Mental Retardation	497	(1)
Causes of Mental Retardation	497	(6)
Treatment: Prevention and Normalization	503	(1)
Fugenics: Our History of Shame	504	(3)
Autistic Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorders	507	(17)
Case Study: Temple Grandin--An Anthropologist on Mars	508	(1)
Symptoms of PDD	508	(4)
Diagnosis of Autism and PDD	512	(2)
Frequency of Autism and PDD	514	(1)
Causes of Autism	514	(3)
Treatment of PDD	517	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: The Bogus Treatment Called Facilitated Communication	518	(3)
Getting Help	521	(3)
Psychological Disorders of Childhood	524	(34)
Overview	525	(1)
Externalizing Disorders	526	(19)
Case Study: Bad Boy, Troubled Boy, or All Boy?	526	(1)
Symptoms of Externalizing Disorders	527	(2)
Diagnosis of Externalizing Disorders	529	(3)
Frequency of Externalizing Disorders	532	(1)
Research Methods: Samples: How to Select the People We Study	533	(1)
Causes of Externalizing Disorders	533	(3)
Brief Case Study: Ms. B's Son	536	(3)
Treatment of Externalizing Disorders	539	(3)
Critical Thinking Matters: ADHD's False Causes and Cures	542	(3)
Internalizing and Other Disorders	545	(13)
Case Study: Turning the Tables on Tormentors	545	(1)
Symptoms of Internalizing Disorders	546	(3)
Diagnosis of Internalizing and Other Disorders	549	(1)
What Are Learning Disorders?	549	(2)
Frequency of Internalizing Disorders	551	(1)
Causes of Internalizing Disorders	552	(2)
Treatment of Internalizing Disorders	554	(2)
Getting Help	556	(2)
Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle Transitions	558	(28)
Overview	559	(4)
Case Study: Left for Another Man	560	(1)
Symptoms	561	(1)
Diagnosis	561	(2)
The Transition to Adulthood	563	(4)
Symptoms of the Adult Transition	563	(1)
Diagnosis of Identity Conflicts	564	(1)
Frequency of Identity Conflicts	565	(1)
Causes of Identity Conflicts	566	(1)
Treatment During the Transition to Adult Life	566	(1)
Brief Case Study: Samantha's Birth Mother	567	(1)
Family Transitions	567	(9)
Symptoms of Family Transitions	567	(3)
Diagnosis of Troubled Family Relationships	570	(1)
Frequency of Family Transitions	570	(1)
Causes of Difficulty in Family Transitions	571	(1)
Research Methods: Heritability: Genes and the Environment	572	(1)
Treatment During Family Transitions	573	(1)
Critical Thinking Matters: Divorce Is Genetic?!	574	(1)
Couples Therapy and Family Therapy	574	(1)
Brief Case Study: Jan and Bill: Learning to Listen	575	(1)
Aging and the Transition to Later Life	576	(10)
Ageism	576	(1)
Symptoms	577	(2)
Reliving the Past	579	(1)
Brief Case Study: Mrs. J's Loss	579	(2)
Diagnosis of Aging	581	(1)
Frequency of Aging	582	(1)
Causes of Psychological Problems in Later Life	582	(1)
Treatment of Psychological Problems in Later Life	583	(1)
Getting Help	584	(2)
Mental Health and the Law	586	(33)
Overview	587	(3)
Case Study: John Hinckley and the Insanity Defense	588	(1)
Expert Witnesses	589	(1)
Free Will versus Determinism	589	(1)
Rights and Responsibilities	590	(1)
Mental Illness and Criminal Responsibility	590	(7)
The Insanity Defense	590	(4)
The Battered Woman Syndrome as a Defense	594	(1)
Competence to Stand Trial	595	(1)
Sentencing and Mental Health	596	(1)
Mental Health and Civil Law	597	(12)
A Brief History of U.S. Mental Hospitals	598	(1)
Libertarianism versus Paternalism in Treating Mental Patients	599	(1)
Civil Commitment	599	(3)
Critical Thinking Matters: Violence and Mental Illness	602	(1)
Research Methods: Base Rates and Prediction: Justice Blackmun's Error	603	(1)
The Rights of Mental Patients	604	(3)
Deinstitutionalization	607	(2)
Mental Health and Family Law	609	(5)
Children, Parents, and the State	609	(1)
Child Custody Disputes	610	(1)
Brief Case Study: A Custody Dispute	611	(1)
Child Abuse	612	(2)
Professional Responsibilities and the Law	614	(5)
Professional Negligence and Malpractice	614	(1)
Confidentiality	615	(2)
Getting Help	617	(2)
Glossary	619	(12)
References	631	(40)
Credits	671	(2)
Name Index	673	(7)
Subject Index	680