Africa and the West: A Documentary History Volume 1: From the Slave Trade to Conquest, 1441-1905

by Worger, William H.; Clark, Nancy L.; Alpers, Edward A.

• ISBN13: 9780195373486
• ISBN10: 0195373480
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-02-02
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This is a new and expanded edition of the volume one Africa and the West: A Documentary History from the Slave Trade to Independence. It covers the era of the slave trade through abolition and then conquest as the European scramble for Africa began. This new edition uses all of the documents in the first edition, taken from both African and European sources, as well as dozens of new photographs and over twenty new documents. Some are the expected types: missionaries' reports, government legislation and orders, slave memoirs; others are unexpected, such as a chart of the costs of African animals exported to Western zoos. Many of the sources have not previously appeared in print, or in books readily available to students. The authors have provided a detailed table of contents in place of impressionistic and often uninformative chapter titles; expanded the bibliography; added a list of websites for African historical resources; and added new maps. This book provides a unique resource both for African history survey courses and for topical courses on imperialism, colonialism, economic history, and East-West relations.

Author Biography

WHW: Prof. of history, UCLA: NLC: prof. of history, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo: EAA: Prof. of history, UCLA

Table of Contents

Africa in the Era of the Slave Trade 1441-1899

European Discovery and the Beginnings of the Slave Trade (1441-1654)

The beginnings of a regular European trade in slaves from Africa (1441)

Gomes Eannes De Azurara, The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea, c.1453

The Pope grants to the Portuguese a monopoly of trade with Africa (1455)

Papal Bull Romanus Pontifex (Nicholas V), January 8, 1455

The First Convert to Christianity (1488)

Ruy de Pina, Chronica del Rey Joao II, c.1500

The Wealth of Africa (1508)

Duarte Pacheco Pereira, Esmeraldo de Situ Orbis, c.1505-08.

The King of Spain regulates the importation of African slaves into the Americas (1518)

Licence granted August 18, 1518, by King Charles of Spain to Lorenzo de Gomenot to ship slaves to the Americas

Trying to Regulate the Trade in Slaves (1526)

King Afonso of the Kongo, letters to the king of Portugal, July 6 and October 18, 1526

British attempts to break the Portuguese and Spanish monopolies of slave trading (1564-68)

Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques & Discoveries of the English Nation, 1598-1600

A Jesuit justifies the trade in African slaves to a skeptical colleague (1610)

Brother Luis Brandaon, letter to Father Sandoval, March 12, 1610

The importation of slaves into the Cape of Good Hope (1654)

Instructions for the officers of the ""Roode Vos"" on the voyage to Mauritius and Madagascar, May 8, 1654

The Business of the Slave Trade (1672- 1729)

An attempt to create an English monopoly of trade in West Africa (1672)

Charter of the Royal African Company, 1672

Sources of slaves for the Royal African Company (1678)

Thomas Thurloe, letter to the Royal African Company, Gamboa, March 15, 1678

The log of the Arthur, a ship carrying slaves for the Royal African Company from West Africa to Barbados (1677-78), journal of the Arthur, December 5, 1677 to May 25, 1678

The Council of the Indies answers questions from the King of Spain concerning the introduction of slaves into Spanish America (1685), question of the king of Spain to the Council of the Indies, July 5, 1685, and the reply of the Council

The voyage of the Hannibal, carrying slaves from West Africa to Barbados (1693-94), Thomas Phillips, ""A Journal of a Voyage made in the Hannibal of London"", 1693-94

Willem Bosman describes the Dutch trade for slaves on the West African Coast (1704), Willem Bosman, A New and Accurate Description of the Coast of Guinea, 1704

In support of slavery and against monopoly (1729), Joshua Gee, The Trade and Navigation of Great-Britain Considered, 1729

The Slave Experience (1785-98)

Venture Smith describes his capture into slavery (1798), Venture Smith, A Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Venture, 1798

Olaudah Equiano becomes a slave (1789), Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, 1789

Anders Sparrman describes the treatment of slaves in South Africa (1785), Anders Sparrman, A Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, 1785

Alexander Falconbridge describes his experiences as a physician on slave ships (1788), Alexander Falconbridge, An Account of the Slave Trade on the Coast of Africa, 1788

The plan of the slave ship Brookes (1788), Captain Perry, measurement of the Brookes, 1788

In support of the continued importation of slaves into South Africa (1797), Replies of W. S. Ryneveld to Cape of Good Hope Governor Macartney's questionnaire, November 29, 1797

Mungo Park describes taking slaves from the interior of Africa to the coast (1796-97), Mungo Park, Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa, 1799

The Impact of Abolition (1807-1899)

Britain and the United States enact legislation to abolish the trade in slaves (1807), Great Britain, an Act for the abolition of the slave trade, June 1 and 24, 1806, May 1, 1807, United States of America, Act to prohibit the importation of slaves into the United States, March 2, 1807

Ali Eisami recounts how he was taken into slavery and then freed (1818), Sigismund William Koelle, African Native Literature, 1854

Samuel Crowther escapes slavery (1821-22)

Journals of the Rev. James Frederick Schon and Mr. Samuel Crowther, 1842

The Asante king questions British motives in ending the slave trade (1820)

Joseph Dupuis, Journal of a Residence in Ashantee, 1824

A slave revolt in South Africa (1825), Testimony of Galant at his trial for treason, and speech of Fiscal D. Denyssen as public prosecutor at the trial of the Bokkeveld insurgents, March 1825

A Muslim explains the morality and practices of slavery (1890s), testimony of Bwana Mtoro Mwinyi Bakari, recorded in the 1890s

Tippu Tip, the ""leopard"" (1890s), autobiography of Sheikh Hamed bin Muhammed el Murjebi (Tippu Tip) written in the 1890s

Chisi Ndjurisiye Sichyajunga, slave (1890s), testimony recorded at the beginning of the twentieth century

The Conquest of Africa, 1809-1905

Assessing the Costs and Benefits of European Engagement on the African Continent (1809-1838)

The subordination of labor in South Africa (1809), Proclamation No. 14, By His Excellency Du Pre, Earl of Caledon, November 1, 1809

The trade question in West Africa (1807-12), letters of Zachary Macaulay to Lord Castlereagh, May 8, 1807, and the African Committee of the Company of Merchants to the Lords of the Treasury, April 9, 1812

The King of Asante disputes the text of a treaty (1817-24)

Letter of instruction from the African Committee of the Company of Merchants to Thomas Bowdich

Letter of Sai Tootoo Quamina, King of Ashantee

Treaty made and entered into by Thomas Edward Bowdich ... with Sai Tootoo Quamina, from T. Edward Bowdich, Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashantee, 1819

Joseph Dupuis, Journal of a Residence in Ashantee, 1824

William Hutton, A Voyage to Africa, 1821

The impact of the abolitionists on labor legislation (1828)

Ordinance No. 20, For Improving the Condition of Hottentots and other Free Persons of Colour at the Cape of Good Hope, and for Consolidating and Amending the Laws affecting those Persons, July 17, 1828

The settlers' revolt (1837)

""Manifesto of the Emigrant Farmers"", Grahamstown Journal, February 2, 1837

A missionary talks with a king (1836)

Journal entry of George Champion for Sunday, January 17, 1836, Natal, South Africa

Dingane kills the first settlers (1838)

Journal entries of Francis Owen for February 6, 7, and 9, 1838, Natal, South Africa

Advance by treaty in West Africa (1831-36)

British peace treaty with Asante, April 27, 1831

British treaty with King Pepple's House, Grand Bonny, January 25, 1836

Technology Increases the Ease of Conquest (1840-1864)

European mortality in West Africa before quinine (1840)

Troop mortality in Sierra Leone, 1819-36, United Service Journal and Naval and Military Magazine, 1840

The secretary of state for the colonies proposes a more interventionist policy to end the slave trade (1841)

Lord John Russell's instructions to Her Majesty's Niger Commissioners, January 30, 1841

Treaties with ""barbarians"" are different from those with ""civilized"" people (1841)

Draft agreement with African chiefs, July 1840

Treaty with Kataba (upper Guinea coast), April 23, 1841

James Stephen's minute on the implications of the Kataba Treaty, September 6, 1841

A long-sought-for highway into the very heart of the continent (1854)

William Balfour Baikie, Narrative of an Exploring Voyage Up the Rivers Kwora and Binue, 1854

The persistence of ""illegal"" slaving (1848-61)

Brodie Cruickshank, Eighteen Years on the Gold Coast of Africa, 1853

Paul B. du Chaillu, Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa, 1861

Frederick Lamport Barnard, R. N., A Three Years' Cruize in the Mozambique Channel, 1848

Christianity and cattle killing (1856)

Deposition made by Nonquase, a Kafir Prophetess, in an Examination before the Chief Commissioner of British Kaffraria, 1858

Boer slaving (1858)

David Livingstone, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa, 1858

Legislating race and religion (1858)

General regulations of the South African Republic, February 1858

Expanding trade by taking territory, Lagos (1861)

Lord John Russell to the Duke of Newcastle, recommending the annexation of Lagos, February 7, 1861

Lagos treaty of cession, August 6, 1861

French ambitions in West Africa (1858-64)

Louis Faidherbe's policy for the French in West Africa, May 1864

Plans for a new type of colonial army, 1850

The role of missionary education for Africans according to the Holy Ghost Fathers, 1858

Africa for Africans? (1854-1881)

Samuel Crowther on the role of African missionaries (1854)

Samuel Crowther, Journal of an Expedition up the Niger and Tshadda Rivers, 1854

Africanus B. Horton on an autonomous Africa (1868)

James Africanus B. Horton, West African Countries and Peoples, 1868

Cetshwayo describes Zulu society (1881)

Cetshwayo's testimony, July 7, 1881, Cape of Good Hope, Government Commission on Native Laws and Customs, 1883

A university for Africa (1881)

Edward Blyden's inaugural address as President of Liberia College, January 5, 1881

A New River of Gold Increases the Motivations for Conquest (1874-1905)

Diamonds (1874)

Gwayi Tyamzashe, ""Life at the Diamond Fields"", Kaffir Express/Isigidimi, 1874

Cecil Rhodes dreams of empire (1877)

Cecil Rhodes' confession of faith, June 2, 1877

Codicil to the last will and testament of Cecil Rhodes, October 11, 1901

The sack of Kumasi (1873-74)

Letter from King Kofi Karikari to Governor

Instructions from the Earl of Kimberley to Sir

The sack of Kumasi, Henry Brackenbury, The Ashanti War, 1874

The Congo is as rich as North America (1885)

Henry M. Stanley, The Congo and the Founding of Its Free State, 1855

The scramble for Africa begins (1884-92)

Templates for typical treaties signed by the National African Company Limited and the Royal Niger Company, with African leaders between 1884 and 1892

The Berlin conference (1885)

General Act of the Conference of Berlin, relative to the Development of Trade and Civilization in Africa"", Berlin, February 26, 1885

Rhodes reaches north (1888)

Treaty between Lobengula, ""king of Matabeleland, Mashonaland, and other adjoining territories"", and representatives of Cecil Rhodes, October 30, 1888

The imperialism of chartered companies (1886-89)

Royal charter granted to the National African Company (re-named the Royal Niger Company in 1887), July 10, 1886, and royal charter granted to the British South Africa Company, October 29, 1889

Voices of imperialism (1893-99)

Frederick D. Lugard, The Rise of Our East African Empire, 1893

R. S. S. Baden-Powell, The Downfall of Prempeh, 1896

Sir George Goldie, report to the British governor on conquests in the Niger basin, February 18, 1897

Joseph Chamberlain to Alfred Milner, September 2, 1899, and Milner to Chamberlain, September 27, 1899

Imperial slaughter at Omdurman (1898)

G. W. Steevens, With Kitchener to Khartoum, 1898

Winston Churchill, The River War, 1902

Voices of resistance (1893-1905)

Ndansi Kumalo, description of the defeat of Lobengula and the Ndebele, July-December 1893

Hendrik Witbooi to Theodor Leutwein, August 17, 1894

Memorandum, case of the Brass chiefs, June 8, 1895

J. C. Smuts, A Century of Wrong, 1899

G. C. K. Gwassa and John Iliffe, eds., Records of the Maji Maji Rising, 1967

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