Aims of Argument: Text and Reader

by CRUSIUS

• ISBN13: 9780073326177
• ISBN10: 0073326178
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-04-23
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages

Summary

The Aims of Argumentfocuses on the aimsor purposesof argument: to inquire, to convince, to persuade, and to mediate. In contrast to other books' pedagogy, Aims emphasizes rhetorical contexts, helping students become experts in reading, analyzing, and writing arguments.

Table of Contents

Preface

Note to Students

About the Authors

Brief Contents Boxes by Type

Resources for Reading and Writing Arguments

Understanding Argument What Is Argument?

What Is Rhetoric?

An Example of Argument “You Also Have the Right to Tell a Bigot What You Think,”

Discussion of “You Also Have the Right…” Pitts’s Reasoning Other Appeals in Pitts’s Argument Four Criteria of Mature Reasoning Mature Reasoners

Are Well Informed Mature Reasoners

Are Self-Critical and Open to Constructive Criticism from Others

Mature Reasoners Argue with Their Audiences or Readers in Mind Mature Reasoners Know Their Arguments’ Contexts

What Are the Aims of Argument?

Arguing to Inquire

Arguing to Convince

Arguing to Persuade

Arguing to Mediate

A Good Tool for Understanding and Writing Arguments: The Writer’s Notebook Why Keep a Notebook?

Reading an Argument

The First Encounter: Seeing the Text in Context Considering the Climate of Opinion Considering the Rhetorical Context

An Argument for Critical Reading “On Teenagers and Tattoos,”

The Second Encounter: Reading and Analyzing the Text Wrestling with Difficult Passages

Unfamiliar Contexts Contrasting Voices and Views Allusions Specialized Vocabulary Missing Persons Passive Voice

Using Paraphrase to Aid Comprehension Analyzing the Reasoning of an Argument Reading Martin’s Essay Finding Parts

Using Context Identifying the Claim and Reasons

The Third Encounter: Responding Critically to an Argument Annotation Is Key Sample Annotations Writing Assignment: A Critical Response to a Single Argument In Part One

In Part Two Other Advice for Both Parts

Student Sample Essay: Critical Response to a Single Argument “The Decorated Body,”

A Sample Student Response: Analysis of “The Decorated Body,”

Analyzing Arguments: A Simplified Toulmin Method A Preliminary Critical Reading “Rising to the Occasion of Our Death,”

A Step-by-Step Demonstration of the Toulmin Method Analyzing the Claim Identify the Claim Look for Qualifiers

Find the Exceptions Summarize the Claim Analyzing the Reasons

List the Reasons Examine the Reasons

Analyzing the Evidence

List the Evidence Examine the Evidence Noting Refutations Summarizing Your Analysis

Student Sample: An Argument for Analysis “Capital Punishment: Society’s Self-Defense,”

A Final Note about Logical Analysis

Reading and Writing about Visual Arguments Understanding Visual Arguments “Reading” Images

Analysis: Five Common Types of Visual Argument Advertisements Editorial Cartoons Public Sculpture News Photographs Graphics

The Rise of Renewable Energy,”

Understanding Kammen’s Graphics Writing Assignments

Analyzing an Advertisement or Editorial Cartoon Student Sample: Analysis of Visual Rhetoric, “A Mother’s Treat,”

Analyzing and Creating Posters or Flyers

Using Visual Rhetoric to Promote Your School

Analyzing Your Own Visual Rhetoric

Writing to Convince

Using Graphics to Supplement Your Own Writing or Other Texts

Presenting Information Using PowerPoint

Writing Research-Based Arguments Finding an Issue Understand the Difference between a Topic and an

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