Antennas for Base Stations in Wireless Communications

by Chen, Zhi Ning; Luk, Kwai-Man

• ISBN13: 9780071612883
• ISBN10: 0071612882
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-06-23
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

Summary

The latest in advanced antenna technologies for modern wireless communications systemsWritten by a global team of expert contributors, this book offers details on the wide-range of antennas used in today's wireless communication networks. Coverage includes low-cost suspended plate antennas, combined complementary antennas, electrical controlled antennas, multiple-input-multiple-output antenna systems, and smart antenna systems. Capacity optimization technology of antennas, electronically steerable antenna array systems, and broadband circularly polarized antennas are also covered.Antennas for Fixed Base-stations in Wireless Communications presents a complete picture of advanced modern base station antenna technology from fundamentals to engineering, and highlights new technologies in antenna design with enhanced performance. Real-world case studies provide you with practical examples that can be applied to your own system designs.� .

Author Biography

Zhi Ning Chen, Ph.D., DoE, (Editor) is principal scientist and department head for RF And Optical at the Institute for Infocomm Research. He is concurrently holding adjunct professor appointments at Southeast University, Nanjing University, National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and is a fellow of the IEEE.

Kwai-Man Luk, Ph.D., (Editor) is currently a head and chair professor of the Electronic Engineering Department at City University of Hong Kong. His recent research interests include design of patch, planar and dielectric resonator antennas, microwave and antenna measurements, and computational electromagnetics.

.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Introduction	p. xvii
Fundamentals of Antennas	p. 1
Basis Parameters and Definitions of Antennas	p. 1
Input Impedance and Equivalent Circuits	p. 2
Matching and Bandwidth	p. 3
Radiation Patterns	p. 4
Polarization of the Antenna	p. 6
Antenna Efficiency	p. 9
Directivity and Gain	p. 10
Intermodulation	p. 13
Important Antennas in This Book	p. 15
Patch Antennas	p. 15
Suspended Plate Antennas	p. 17
Planer Inverted-L/F Antennas	p. 18
Planer Dipoles/Monopoles	p. 20
Basic Measurement Techniques	p. 21
Measurement Systems for Impedance Matching	p. 21
Measurement Setups for Far-Zone Fields	p. 22
Measurement Systems for Intermodulation	p. 26
System Calibration	p. 28
Remarks	p. 28
References	p. 29
Base Station Antennas for Mobile Radio Systems	p. 31
Operational Requirements	p. 32
Antenna Performance Parameters	p. 33
Control of Antenna Parameters	p. 36
The Design of a Practical Base Station Antenna	p. 44
Methods of Construction	p. 44
Array Design	p. 51
Dimensioning the Array	p. 51
Multiband and Wideband Arrays	p. 62
Feed Networks	p. 67
Practical Cost/Performance Issues	p. 68
Passive Intermodulation Products and Their Avoidance	p. 69
Use of Computer Simulation	p. 71
Arrays with Remotely Controlled Electrical Parameters	p. 72
Antennas for TD-SCDMA Systems	p. 78
Measurement Techniques for Base Station Antennas	p. 80
Array Optimization and Fault Diagnosis	p. 83
RADHAZ	p. 86
Visual Appearance and Planning Issues	p. 87
Future Directions	p. 91
References	p. 93
Antennas for Mobile Communications: CDMA, GSM, and WCDMA	p. 95
Introduction	p. 95
Requirements for Indoor Base Station Antennas	p. 95
Requirements for Outdoor Base Station Antennas	p. 96
Case Studies	p. 98
An Eight-Element-Shaped Beam Antenna Array	p. 98
A 90° Linearly Polarized Antenna Array	p. 106
A Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Array	p. 111
A Broadband Monopolar Antenna for Indoor Coverage	p. 117
A Single-Feed Dual-Band Patch Antenna for Indoor Networks	p. 122
Conclusion	p. 126
Acknowledgment	p. 126
References	p. 127
Advanced Antennas for Radio Base Stations	p. 129
Benefits of Advanced Antennas	p. 130
Advanced Antenna Technologies	p. 131
Three-Sector Reference System	p. 132
Three-Sector Omnidirectional Antenna	p. 134
Higher Order Receive Diversity	p. 137
Field Trial	p. 138
Transmit Diversity	p. 139
Antenna Beamtilt	p. 139
Case Study	p. 146
Modular High-Gain Antenna	p. 148
Case Study	p. 150
Field Trial	p. 153
Higher Order Sectorization	p. 154
Case Study	p. 156
Fixed Multibeam Array Antenna	p. 157
Field Trials	p. 161
Migration Strategy	p. 165
Steered Beam Array Antenna	p. 167
Amplifier Integrated Sector Antenna	p. 168
Case Study	p. 169
Amplifier Integrated Multibeam Array Antenna	p. 171
Conclusion	p. 173
References	p. 174
Antenna Issues and Technologies for Enhancing System Capacity	p. 177
Introduction	p. 177
Mobile Communications in Japan	p. 177
Wireless Access System	p. 179
Design Considerations for Antennas from a Systems Point of View	p. 182
Case Studies	p. 184
Slim Antenna	p. 184
Narrow HPBW Antenna with Parasitic Metal Conductors	p. 188
SpotCell (Micro-Cell) Antenna	p. 194
Booster Antenna	p. 196
Control of Vertical Radiation Pattern	p. 196
Conclusion	p. 202
References	p. 202
New Unidirectional Antennas for Various Wireless Base Stations	p. 205
Introduction	p. 205
Patch Antennas	p. 207
Twin L-Shaped Probes Fed Patch Antenna	p. 207
Meandering-Probe Fed Patch Antenna	p. 210
Differential-Plate Fed Patch Antenna	p. 212
Complementary Antennas Composed of an Electric Dipole and a Magnetic Dipole	p. 219
Basic Principle	p. 220
Complementary Antennas Composed of Slot Antenna and Parasitic Wires	p. 221
Complementary Antennas with a Slot Antenna and a Conical Monopole	p. 221
New Wideband Unidirectional Antenna Element	p. 222
Conclusion	p. 236
Acknowledgment	p. 237
References	p. 237
Antennas for WLAN (WiFi) Applications	p. 241
Introduction	p. 241
WLAN (WiFi)	p. 241
MIMO in WLANs	p. 243
Design Considerations for Antennas	p. 245
Materials, Fabrication Process, Time to Market, Deployment, and Installation	p. 246
MIMO Antenna System Design Considerations	p. 249
State-of-the-Art Designs	p. 255
Outdoor Point-to-Point Antennas	p. 255
Outdoor Point-to-Multiple-Point Antennas	p. 260
Indoor Point-to-Multiple Point Antennas	p. 260
Case Studies	p. 264
Indoor P2MP Embedded Antenna	p. 265
Outdoor P2P Antenna Array	p. 270
Dual-Band Outdoor P2P Antenna Array	p. 270
Outdoor P2P Diversity Grid Antenna Array	p. 276
Outdoor/Indoor P2MP HotSpot/HotZone Antenna	p. 279
MIMO Antenna Array	p. 282
Three-Element Dual-Band MIMO Antenna	p. 286
Conclusion	p. 287
References	p. 288
Antennas for Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Applications: RFID/UWB Positioning	p. 291
Introduction	p. 291
Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)	p. 292
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)	p. 296
Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Positioning	p. 305
Antenna Design for RFID Readers	p. 313
Design Considerations	p. 313
Case Study	p. 318
Antenna Design for Indoor Mono-Station UWB Positioning System	p. 341
Design Considerations	p. 341
Case Study: Six-Element Sectored Antenna Arrays	p. 341
Conclusion	p. 346
References	p. 347
Index	p. 349
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.