Argumentation and Debate (with InfoTrac)

by Freeley, Austin J.; Steinberg, David L.

• ISBN13: 9780534515102
• ISBN10: 053451510X
• Edition: 11th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-07-28
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Preface. 1. Critical Thinking. 2. Applied and Academic Debate. 3. Stating the Controversy. 4. Analyzing the Controversy. 5. Exploring the Controversy. 6. Evidence. 7. Tests of Evidence. 8. The Structure of Reasoning. 9. Types of Reasoning. 10. Obstacles of Clear Thinking. 11. Requirements of the Case. 12. Building the Affirmative Case. 13. Building the Negative Case. 14. Refutation. 15. Presenting the Case: Composition. 16. Presenting the Case: Delivery. 17. Evaluating the Debate. 18. Modern Procedures: Academic Debate Formats. 19. Applied Parliamentary Debate. Appendices. Presidential Debate. National Championship Debate. National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (NDT). National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (CEDA). Debate Bibliography. Glossary of Terms in Argumentation and Debate. Index.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	xix
CHAPTER 1 CRITICAL THINKING	1	(14)
Debate	4	(3)
Individual Decisions	7	(1)
Group Discussion	8	(1)
Persuasion	9	(1)
Propaganda	10	(1)
Coercion	11	(1)
Combination of Methods	12	(1)
Exercises	12	(3)
CHAPTER 2 APPLIED AND ACADEMIC DEBATE	15	(22)
Applied Debate	15	(3)
Academic Debate	18	(13)
Ethical Standards for Debate	31	(4)
Exercises	35	(2)
CHAPTER 3 STATING THE CONTROVERSY	37	(15)
Defining the Controversy	39	(1)
Phrasing the Debate Proposition	39	(2)
Presumption and Burden of Proof	41	(7)
Types of Debate Propositions	48	(3)
Exercises	51	(1)
CHAPTER 4 ANALYZING THE CONTROVERSY	52	(23)
The Importance of Defining Terms	52	(2)
Methods of Defining Terms	54	(9)
Issues	63	(10)
Exercises	73	(2)
CHAPTER 5 EXPLORING THE CONTROVERSY	75	(19)
Brainstorming for Ideas	75	(3)
Locating Sources of Material	78	(7)
Reading with a Purpose	85	(1)
Reading Critically	86	(1)
Recording Materials	86	(4)
Organizing Materials	90	(2)
Exercises	92	(2)
CHAPTER 6 EVIDENCE	94	(19)
Sources of Evidence	97	(4)
Types of Evidence	101	(8)
The Probative Force of Evidence	109	(3)
Exercises	112	(1)
CHAPTER 7 TEST OF EVIDENCE	113	(24)
Uses of Tests of Evidence	113	(2)
Tests of Credible Evidence	115	(16)
Tests of Audience Acceptability	131	(4)
Exercises	135	(2)
CHAPTER 8 THE STRUCTURE OF REASONING	137	(16)
The Classical Structures	137	(11)
The Elements of Any Argument	148	(3)
Extending the Elements of an Argument	151	(1)
Exercises	152	(1)
CHAPTER 9 TYPES OF REASONING	153	(19)
The Degree of Cogency	153	(3)
Tests of Reasoning and Their Uses	156	(1)
General Tests of Reasoning	157	(1)
Types of Reasoning and Tests for Each Type	158	(13)
Exercises	171	(1)
CHAPTER 10 OBSTACLES TO CLEAR THINKING	172	(13)
Fallacies of Evidence	174	(1)
Fallacies of Reasoning	174	(2)
Fallacies of Language	176	(2)
Fallacies of Pseudoarguments	178	(6)
Exercises	184	(1)
CHAPTER 11 REQUIREMENTS OF THE CASE	185	(15)
Requirements of a Prima Facie Case	186	(1)
Requirements of a Value Case	187	(2)
Requirements of a Policy Case	189	(5)
Requirements Common to Both Value and Policy Propositions	194	(4)
Exercises	198	(2)
CHAPTER 12 BUILDING THE AFFIRMATIVE CASE	200	(25)
Objectives of the Affirmative Case	201	(1)
Proposition of Value Affirmative Cases	202	(2)
Proposition of Policy Affirmative Cases	204	(17)
Building for Optimum Capability	221	(2)
Alternative Debate Approaches	223	(1)
Exercises	223	(2)
CHAPTER 13 BUILDING THE NEGATIVE CASE	225	(30)
Objectives of the Negative Case	225	(2)
Proposition of Value Negative Cases	227	(2)
Proposition of Policy Negative Approaches	229	(25)
Exercises	254	(1)
CHAPTER 14 REFUTATION	255	(14)
Shifting the Burden of Rebuttal	255	(1)
Purpose and Place of Refutation	256	(1)
Preparing for Refutation	257	(2)
Arranging Material for Refutation	259	(1)
Selecting Evidence and Reasoning	259	(6)
The Structure of Refutation	265	(2)
Methods of Refutation	267	(1)
Exercises	268	(1)
CHAPTER 15 PRESENTING THE CASE: COMPOSITION	269	(19)
Analysis of the Audience	269	(5)
Written and Oral Styles	274	(1)
A Philosophy of Style	275	(1)
Factors of Style in Speech Composition	275	(4)
Rhetorical Factors in Speech Composition	279	(6)
Ethical and Inclusive Use of Language	285	(1)
Editing	285	(1)
Exercises	286	(2)
CHAPTER 16 PRESENTING THE CASE: DELIVERY	288	(13)
Methods of Delivery	288	(4)
Steps to Good Delivery	292	(2)
Nonverbal Communication	294	(4)
Special Considerations: Tournament Debate Delivery	298	(1)
Exercises	299	(2)
CHAPTER 17 EVALUATING THE DEBATE	301	(16)
Functions of the Judge	301	(6)
Judging Philosophies	307	(7)
Functions of the Ballot	314	(1)
Special Ballots for Special Purposes	315	(1)
Exercises	316	(1)
CHAPTER 18 MODERN PROCEDURES: ACADEMIC DEBATE FORMATS	317	(20)
Formats of Debate	317	(14)
The Audience	331	(1)
Adapting the Debate to Communications Media	332	(4)
Exercises	336	(1)
CHAPTER 19 APPLIED PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE	337	(11)
Sources of Parliamentary Debate Rules	338	(1)
The Order of Business	339	(1)
Presentation of Motions	340	(1)
Precedence of Motions	341	(1)
Purposes of Motions	341	(5)
Unanimous Consent	346	(1)
Exercises	346	(2)
APPENDIX A PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE	348	(30)
The Second 2000 Bush-Gore Presidential Debate: October 11, 2000	350	(25)
Exercises	375	(3)
APPENDIX B NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP DEBATE	378	(52)
Exercises	419	(11)
APPENDIX C NATIONAL INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATE PROPOSITIONS (NDT)	430	(7)
APPENDIX D NATIONAL INTERCOLLEGIATE DEBATE PROPOSITIONS (CEDA)	437	(4)
APPENDIX E DEBATE BIBLIOGRAPHY	441	(25)
APPENDIX F GLOSSARY	466	(9)
INDEX	475