Each chapter concludes with ôWarm-Up Excercises,ö ôApplications,ö and ôComposition or Speech Excercise.ö | |
To the Instructor | |
Be Aware | |
Developing Your Thinking: An Overview | |
What Is Thinking? | |
The Importance of Thinking | |
Brain and Mind at Work | |
The Production Phase | |
The Judgment Phase | |
Good Thinking Is a Habit | |
The Structure of This Book | |
Getting the Most from Your Efforts | |
Using Feelings to Advantage | |
Learning to Concentrate | |
Coping with Frustration | |
Making Discussion Meaningful | |
Preliminary Thinking Strategies | |
Sample Exercises and Responses | |
Establish a Foundation | |
Free Will versus Determinism | |
What Is Truth? | |
What Is Knowing? | |
Ways of Knowing | |
Experience | |
Observation | |
Report | |
The Problem of Remembering | |
What Are Opinions? | |
Expressions of Taste | |
Expressions of Judgment | |
Debating Moral Questions | |
The Basis of Moral Judgment | |
Dealing with Dilemmas | |
Broaden Your Perspective | |
Becoming an Individual | |
Habits That Hinder Thinking | |
The Mine-Is-Better Habit | |
Face Saving | |
Resistance to Change | |
Conformity | |
Stereotyping | |
Self-Deception | |
Overcoming Bad Habits | |
Be a Critical Reader | |
Critical Reading Defined | |
Making Important Distinctions | |
The Distinction Between the Person and the Idea | |
The Distinction Between Matters of Taste and Matters of Judgment | |
The Distinction Between Fact and Interpretation | |
The Distinction Between Literal and Ironic Statements | |
The Distinction Between an Idea's Validity and the Quality of Its Expression | |
The Distinction Between Language and Reality | |
A Strategy for Critical Reading | |
Step 1: Skim | |
Step 2: Reflect | |
Step 3: Read | |
Step 4: Evaluate | |
Expressing Your Judgment | |
A Sample Evaluation | |
Be Creative | |
The Creative Process | |
Key Facts About Creativity | |
Characteristics of Creative People | |
Applying Creativity to Problems and Issues | |
Taking a Novel Approach | |
Devising or Modifying a Process or System | |
Inventing a New Product or Service | |
Finding New Uses for Existing Things | |
Improving Things | |
Inventing or Redefining a Concept | |
Stages in the Creative Process | |
The First Stage: Searching for Challenges | |
The Second Stage: Expressing the Problem or Issue | |
The Third Stage: Investigating the Problem or Issue | |
The Fourth Stage: Producing Ideas | |
Search for Challenges | |
The Importance of Curiosity | |
How Curiosity Is Lost | |
Regaining Your Curiosity | |
Six Helpful Techniques | |
Be Observant | |
Look for Imperfections | |
Note Your Own and Others' Dissatisfactions | |
Search for Causes | |
Be Sensitive to Implications | |
Recognize the Opportunity in Controversy | |
Express the Problem or Issue | |
Distinguishing Problems from Issues | |
Expressing Problems | |
Expressing Issues | |
When Problems Become Issues | |
Guidelines for Expressing Problems and Issues | |
Benefits of Careful Expression | |
It Helps You Move Beyond the Familiar and Habitual | |
It Keeps Your Thinking Flexible | |
It Opens Many Lines of Thought | |
A Sample Problem | |
A Sample Issue | |
Investigate the Problem or Issue | |
What to Look for | |
Eyewit | |
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