Assessment in Special Education : A Practical Approach

by Pierangelo, Roger; Giuliani, George

• ISBN13: 9780205321469
• ISBN10: 0205321461
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This text presents a uniquely practical approach to the topic of Assessment in Special Education. The authors organize the material into a real-world story, by having each part and chapter of the book reflect the actual assessment process used in schools the linear chronology beginning, middle, and end of the assessment process itself. Unlike other books, this book is organized chronologically to present the overall process in straight line, a practical and useful pedagogy in itself for the novice teacher. The text provides the practical tools necessary for a new teacher to understand the process of assessment in schools and then learn how to put it all together. It provides future special educators comprehensive coverage of the latest tests and evaluation procedures for all areas of exceptionality for every age group for students with mild, moderate and severe disabilities.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
PART I FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS IN ASSESSMENT IN SPECIAL EDUCATION	1	(76)
Introduction to Assessment	3	(22)
Purpose of Assessment	5	(1)
Individuals Involved in the Assessment Process	6	(1)
Classifications Under Idea	7	(1)
How Students are Identified for Assessment	8	(1)
Parental Consent and the Assessment Process	9	(1)
Components of a Comprehensive Assessment	9	(1)
Norm-Referenced Tests	10	(3)
Informal Assessment	13	(1)
Criterion-Referenced Tests	14	(1)
Standards-Referenced Tests	14	(1)
Ecological Assessment	15	(1)
Curriculum-Based Assessment (CBA) and Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM)	16	(1)
Dynamic Assessment	17	(1)
Portfolio Assessment	18	(1)
Authentic/Naturalistic/Performance-Based Assessment	19	(1)
Task Analysis	20	(1)
Outcome-Based Assessment	20	(1)
Learning Styles Assessment	21	(1)
Functional Behavioral Assessment/Interviews/Observation and Rating Scales	21	(4)
Legal Issues in Assessment	25	(16)
Landmark Court Cases in Special Education	26	(4)
The History of Federal Legislation for Individuals with Disabilities	30	(11)
Basic Statistical Concepts	41	(15)
Scales of Measurement	42	(1)
Measures of Central Tendency	43	(2)
Frequency Distribution	45	(1)
Range	45	(1)
Variance	46	(2)
Standard Deviation	48	(1)
Normal Curve	48	(2)
Skewed Distributions	50	(1)
Correlations	50	(6)
Validity and Reliability	56	(11)
Validity	56	(4)
Reliability	60	(7)
Scoring Terminology Used in Assessment	67	(10)
Calculation of Age	68	(2)
Raw Scores	70	(1)
Percentile Ranks (Percentiles)	71	(1)
Standard Scores	72	(1)
z Scores	72	(1)
T Scores	73	(1)
Stanines	73	(1)
Comparing z Scores, T Scores, and Stanines	73	(1)
Age Equivalent Scores	74	(1)
Grade Equivalent Scores	74	(3)
PART II THE SPECIAL EDUCATION PROCESS: STEPS IN THE ASSESSMENT CONTINUUM	77	(323)
The Child Study Team and Prereferral Strategies	79	(14)
The Child Study Team	79	(7)
Recommendations by the Child Study Team--Prereferral Strategies	86	(7)
The Multidisciplinary Team, Testing Considerations, and Parental Participation in the Assessment Process	93	(23)
Purpose of the Multidisciplinary Team	94	(1)
Membership of the Multidisciplinary Team	95	(2)
Formal Referral for a Suspected Disability	97	(4)
Assessment Plans--Consent for Evaluation	101	(1)
Assessment Options of the Multidisciplinary Team	102	(3)
Testing Considerations	105	(2)
Limitations of Testing	107	(1)
Parental Participation in the Assessment Process	108	(4)
Confidentiality	112	(4)
Assessment of Academic Achievement	116	(42)
Achievement Tests	117	(1)
Reading	117	(4)
Reading Assessment Measures	121	(10)
Written Expression	131	(1)
Analysis for Interpreting Written Composition	131	(1)
Tests of Written Language	132	(5)
Math	137	(2)
Assessment of Mathematical Abilities	139	(5)
Spelling	144	(1)
Assessment of Spelling	145	(3)
Comprehensive Tests of Academic Achievement	148	(10)
Assessment of Intelligence	158	(28)
Intelligence	158	(3)
Measures of Intellectual Ability	161	(1)
The Wechsler Scales of Intelligence	161	(16)
Other Measures of Intelligence	177	(9)
Assessment of Behavior	186	(22)
Assessing Problem Behavior	187	(1)
Understanding a Student's Behavior During Assessment	188	(3)
Assessing Emotional and Social Development	191	(6)
Assessment of Adaptive Behavior	197	(4)
Functional Behavioral Assessment and Behavioral Intervention Plans	201	(7)
Assessment of Perceptual Abilities	208	(25)
Learning Objectives	209	(1)
The Purpose of Perceptual Evaluations	210	(1)
Visual Perception	210	(2)
Assessment of Visual Perception	212	(8)
Auditory Perception	220	(2)
Assessment of Auditory Perception	222	(3)
Comprehensive Measures of Perceptual Abilities	225	(8)
Assessment of Oral Language	233	(14)
Speech and Language	233	(1)
Assessment of Speech and Language	234	(2)
Assessment Measures of Oral Language	236	(11)
Early Childhood Assessment	247	(22)
Early Childhood Assessment	248	(1)
Legal Foundations for Assessment Procedures	249	(1)
The Challenge of Early Childhood Assessment	249	(2)
The Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)	251	(2)
Working with the Family in Early Childhood Assessment	253	(1)
Early Childhood Assessment Measures	254	(15)
Other Areas of Assessment: Assessment of Hearing, Physical and Occupational Therapy, and Bilingual Assessment	269	(26)
Assessment of Hearing	269	(3)
Assessment Measures of Hearing	272	(7)
Physical and Occupational Therapy Assessment	279	(6)
Bilingual Assessment	285	(10)
Determining Whether a Disability Exists	295	(16)
Diagnosing A Disability	296	(1)
Learning Disabilities	297	(5)
Mild Mental Retardation/Developmental Disability	302	(4)
Emotional Disability/Emotional Disturbance	306	(5)
Writing a Comprehensive Report in Special Education	311	(19)
Report Writing	312	(1)
Practical Guidelines for Report Writing	312	(1)
Criteria for Writing a Comprehensive Report	313	(7)
Model Reports	320	(10)
Eligibility Procedures for Special Education Services	330	(20)
The Eligibility Committee	331	(2)
Idea '97 and Eligibility Committee Meetings	333	(1)
Development of the Information Packet for Presentation to the Eligibility Committee	334	(4)
Presentation at the Eligibility Committee by the Special Education Teacher as Educational Evaluator	338	(1)
How Recommendations for Classification are Made by the Eligibility Committee	339	(1)
Specific Placement (LRE) Considerations According to Idea '97	339	(4)
Development of the Individualized Education Plan (IEP)	343	(1)
Appealing the Decision of the Eligibility Committee	343	(1)
Special Meetings of the Eligibility Committee	344	(1)
Presentation at the EC Meeting by the Special Education Teacher as Classroom Teacher	344	(1)
The Annual Review	345	(2)
The Triennial Review	347	(1)
Declassification of a Child in Special Education	347	(3)
Development of the IEP	350	(29)
IEP Development	351	(5)
Sample IEP	356	(23)
Transition Services--Foundational Issues	379	(21)
The Transitional Process	380	(1)
The Intent of Transition Services	381	(1)
The Introduction of Transition Services	381	(1)
The Individualized Transitional Education Program (ITEP)	382	(1)
Transition Services	383	(17)
APPENDIX A Testing Resources	400	(12)
Names and Addresses of Test Publishers	400	(2)
Test Reference Guide by Category	402	(4)
Test Reference Guide by Name	406	(2)
Who Administers the Test	408	(4)
APPENDIX B Transition Supplements	412	(7)
Transition Planning Time Line	412	(1)
Transition Checklist	413	(2)
Sample Transitional IEP	415	(4)
References and Suggested Readings	419	(8)
Name Index	427	(2)
Subject Index	429	(4)
Test Name Index	433