Basic Guide to Anatomy and Physiology for Dental Care Professionals

by Hollins, Carole

• ISBN13: 9780470656112
• ISBN10: 0470656115
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-09-17
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

The Basic Guide to Anatomy and Physiology for Dental Care Professionals introduces the fundamentals of human anatomy and physiology to the student Dental Care Professional. Written in a clear, accessible style, it provides dental nurses, hygienists, therapists and clinical dental technicians with essential grounding in the head and neck area, as well as all the body systems that have implications for the DCP when things go wrong. Beginning with a definition of anatomy and physiology, and with all the basics of cell, tissue and organ biology, this Basic Guide covers: the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive systems, all of which are central to the DCP curriculum core areas such as skull and oral anatomy, periodontal tissues, blood and nerve supply to the oral cavity, muscles of mastication, and major salivary glands areas such as jaw and tooth development, and the histology or oral and dental tissue Each area is covered separately and in depth, giving the reader an understanding of their structure and function in health as well as illnesses relevant to medical emergencies and dental-related disorders (such as acid reflux which causes tooth erosion).

Table of Contents

How to use this book ix

1 Basic biology – overview 1

Definitions 1

Cell biology 1

Basic tissues 3

Organs and systems 11

Disease processes 12

Immunity 15

Anatomical nomenclature 17

2 Cardiovascular system 20

The heart – gross anatomy 20

The heart – microscopic anatomy 23

The cardiac cycle 23

Blood vessels – functions 25

Blood vessels – microscopic anatomy 25

Blood – composition and functions 29

CVS medical conditions 34

Blood cell disorders 36

CVS medications 37

3 Respiratory system 40

The thoracic cavity – gross anatomy 40

The respiratory system – gross anatomy 42

Upper respiratory tract – microscopic anatomy 43

Lower respiratory tract – microscopic anatomy 44

Alveoli – microscopic anatomy 44

Gaseous exchange mechanism 45

Breathing mechanism 47

Respiratory medical conditions 49

Respiratory medications 51

4 Digestive system 53

The pharynx – gross anatomy 53

The stomach – gross anatomy 57

The stomach – microscopic anatomy 57

Vomiting 60

The small intestines – gross anatomy 60

The small intestines – microscopic anatomy 60

The large intestines – gross anatomy 61

The large intestines – microscopic anatomy 63

Accessory digestive organs 63

Gastrointestinal medical conditions 68

Gastrointestinal medications 73

5 Nervous system 75

Types of nerves 75

The brain and spinal cord – gross anatomy 76

The brain – microscopic anatomy 79

Information transmission by nerves 80

Nervous system medical conditions 84

Nervous system medications 86

6 Oral embryology and histology 88

Definitions 88

Overview of general embryo development 88

Oral embryology – overview 92

Developmental disturbances affecting Lip and palate 98

Developmental disturbances affecting teeth 99

Oral histology – oral mucosa 103

Histology of the taste buds and taste sensation 105

7 Skull and oral anatomy 107

Skull anatomy – overview 107

Anatomy of the cranium 107

Anatomy of the face 111

Oral anatomy 112

Muscles 123

Nerve supply to the oral cavity 130

Blood supply to the head and neck region 138

8 Tooth anatomy 142

The tooth – gross anatomy 142

The tooth – microscopic anatomy and histology 143

Dental anatomical nomenclature 148

Tooth morphology and function 149

9 Periodontal anatomy 158

Cementum – histology 158

Periodontal ligament – histology 159

Gingivae – histology 163

Junctional tissues – histology 163

Periodontium and disease 165

10 Salivary glands 167

Major salivary glands – gross anatomy 167

Major salivary glands – microscopic anatomy 168

Functions of saliva 170

Disorders of the salivary glands 170

Index 175