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Biological Sciences : Notable Research and Discoveries
by Kirkland, Kyle, Ph.d.Edition:
1st
ISBN13:
9780816074396
ISBN10:
0816074399
Format:
Hardcover
Pub. Date:
1/1/2010
Publisher(s):
Facts on File
List Price: $39.50
Starting at $15.96
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Summary
The expansion of knowledge with the help of technology, such as with a microscope, is a common theme in biology, as it is in other sciences. Biology is the study of living organisms or processes involved in life. The word "biology" derives from a Greek word; "bios," meaning life or mode of life, and "logos," meaning word or knowledge. The biological sciences include physiology, genetics, ecology, botany, molecular biology, and the study of specific biological systems, such as the nervous system.
Author Biography
Kyle Kirkland, PH.D., received a doctorate in neuroscience in 1998 from the University of Pennsylvania, where he studied the visual system and the statistical and computational properties of neural networks. His interdisciplinary background and interests have led him to publish articles on all aspects of science, including the history of science and its present and future impact on society. Kirkland is also the author of Facts On File's Physics in Our World set, acclaimed as a "top pick" by the Midwest Book Review.
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. viii |
| Acknowledgments | p. xii |
| Introduction | p. xiii |
| Brain Imaging: Searching for Sites of Perception and Consciousness | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 2 |
| Peering Inside the Skull | p. 6 |
| Brain Imaging and Metabolism | p. 12 |
| Localization of Function | p. 14 |
| Phrenology-"Reading" the Bumps of the Skull | p. 15 |
| Perceiving the World | p. 20 |
| Imaging the Mind: Neural Correlates of Consciousness | p. 23 |
| Salk Institute for Biological Studies | p. 24 |
| Neural Oscillations | p. 29 |
| Conclusion | p. 30 |
| Chronology | p. 32 |
| Further Resources | p. 35 |
| The Human Genome in Health and Disease | p. 39 |
| Introduction | p. 40 |
| Genes and DNA | p. 41 |
| DNA Forensics | p. 48 |
| Human Genome Project | p. 50 |
| National Institutes of Health (NIH) | p. 52 |
| Pharmacogenomics-Personalized Medications | p. 57 |
| Genes and Diseases | p. 61 |
| Understanding the Human Genome | p. 64 |
| Noncoding "Junk" DNA | p. 67 |
| Conclusion | p. 69 |
| Chronology | p. 70 |
| Further Resources | p. 73 |
| Protein Structure and Function | p. 77 |
| Introduction | p. 78 |
| Proteins-Cellular Machines | p. 79 |
| Amino Acids | p. 80 |
| Protein Structure and Conformation | p. 84 |
| X-ray Crystallography | p. 87 |
| Out of Shape: Protein Misfolding | p. 94 |
| Predicting and Modeling the Folding Process | p. 98 |
| Protein Design | p. 101 |
| Conclusion | p. 103 |
| Chronology | p. 104 |
| Further Resources | p. 106 |
| Biodiversity-The Complexity of Life | p. 109 |
| Introduction | p. 111 |
| Coexistence-Living and Interacting Together | p. 115 |
| Community Stability and Productivity | p. 118 |
| Food Chain Analysis | p. 123 |
| Food Chains and Isotopes | p. 124 |
| Virtual Ecology | p. 127 |
| Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Lab (PEaCE) | p. 129 |
| The Environment and Biodiversity | p. 130 |
| Conclusion | p. 133 |
| Chronology | p. 134 |
| Further Resources | p. 136 |
| The Biology and Evolution of Viruses | p. 140 |
| Introduction | p. 142 |
| Antibodies | p. 146 |
| Classification of Viruses | p. 148 |
| Influenza-Birds, Pigs, and Humans | p. 152 |
| Viral Evolution | p. 154 |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | p. 158 |
| AIDS Epidemic | p. 160 |
| Evolution and Epidemics | p. 163 |
| The 1918 Influenza Virus | p. 165 |
| Conclusion | p. 167 |
| Chronology | p. 168 |
| Further Resources | p. 171 |
| Regeneration-Healing by Regrowing | p. 174 |
| Introduction | p. 175 |
| Stem Cells | p. 177 |
| Planarians | p. 180 |
| Growing Again-Regeneration | p. 181 |
| Limitations of Tissue Regeneration in Humans | p. 185 |
| Experimental Approaches to Spark Regeneration | p. 188 |
| The Scripps Research Institute | p. 190 |
| Cardiac Tissue Regeneration | p. 191 |
| Neural and Spinal Cord Regeneration | p. 193 |
| Conclusion | p. 197 |
| Chronology | p. 198 |
| Further Resources | p. 199 |
| Final Thoughts | p. 203 |
| Glossary | p. 207 |
| Further Resources | p. 212 |
| Index | p. 215 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
Excerpts
The expansion of knowledge with the help of technology, such as with a microscope, is a common theme in biology, as it is in other sciences. Biology is the study of living organisms or processes involved in life. The word "biology" derives from a Greek word; "bios,"meaning life or mode of life, and "logos," meaning word or knowledge. The biological sciences include physiology, genetics, ecology, botany, molecular biology, and the study of specific biological systems, such as the nervous system.Biological Sciencesfocuses on the scientists who explore the frontiers of this complex topic and their unexpected results. This new book examines the journals and reports in this field, offering students insight into the methods and applications of biology.Chapters include:
- Brain Imaging: Searching for Sites of Perception and Consciousness
- The Human Genome in Health and Disease
- Protein Structure and Function
- Biodiversity-The Complexity of Life
- The Biology and Evolution of Viruses
- Regeneration-Healing by Regrowing.
Excerpted from Biological Sciences: Notable Research and Discoveries by Kyle Kirkland
All rights reserved by the original copyright owners. Excerpts are provided for display purposes only and may not be reproduced, reprinted or distributed without the written permission of the publisher.
