C++ How to Program: Deitel & Deitel, (Harvey & Paul): 9780131857575: Book: Computers: eCampus.com

With over 250,000 sold, Harvey and Paul Deitel's "C++ How to Program" is the world's best-selling introduction to C++ programming. Now, this classic has been thoroughly updated! The Deitels' groundbreaking How to Program series offers unparalleled breadth and depth of programming concepts and intermediate-level topics for further study. The books in this series feature hundreds of complete, working programs with thousands of lines of code. Deitels' "C++ How to Program" is the most comprehensive, practical introduction to C++ ever published-with hundreds of hands-on exercises, roughly 250 complete programs written and documented for easy learning, and exceptional insight into good programming practices, maximizing performance, avoiding errors, debugging, and testing. The updated Fifth Edition now includes a new early classes pedagogy-classes and objects are introduced in Chapter 3 and used throughout the book as appropriate. The new edition uses string and vector classes to make earlier examples more object-oriented. Large chapters are broken down into smaller, more manageable pieces. A new OOD/UML ATM case study replaces the elevator case study of previous editions, and UML in the OOD/UML case study and elsewhere in the book has been upgraded to UML 2. The Fifth Edition features new mini case studies (e.g., GradeBook and Time classes). An employee hierarchy replaces Point/Circle/Cylinder to introduce inheritance and polymorphism. Additional enhancements include tuned treatment of exception handling, new "Using the Debugger" material and a new "Before You Begin" section to help readers get set up properly. Also included are separate chapters on recursion and searching/sorting. TheFifth Edition retains every key concept and technique ANSI C++ developers need to master: control statements, functions, arrays, pointers and strings, classes and data abstraction, operator overloading, inheritance, virtual functions, polymorphism, I/O, templates, exception handling, file processing, data structures, and more. It also includes a detailed introduction to Standard Template Library (STL) containers, container adapters, algorithms, and iterators. The accompanying CD-ROM includes all the source code from the book. A valuable reference for programmers and anyone interested in learning the C++ programming language and object-oriented development in C++.

Preface

xxiii

Before You Begin

lix

Introduction to Computers, the Internet and World Wide Web

(35)

Introduction

(1)

What Is a Computer?

(1)

Computer Organization

(1)

Early Operating Systems

(1)

Personal, Distributed and Client/Server Computing

(1)

The Internet and the World Wide Web

(1)

Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages

(2)

History of C and C++

(1)

C++ Standard Library

(1)

History of Java

(1)

Fortran, Cobol, Pascal and Ada

(1)

Basic, Visual Basic, Visual C++, C# and .NET

(1)

Key Software Trend: Object Technology

(1)

Typical C++ Development Environment

(3)

Notes About C++ and C++ How to Program, 5/e

(1)

Test-Driving a C++ Application

(6)

Software Engineering Case Study: Introduction to Object Technology and the UML (Required)

(5)

Wrap-Up

(1)

Web Resources

(9)

Introduction to C++ Programming

(38)

Introduction

(1)

First Program in C++: Printing a Line of Text

(4)

Modifying Our First C++ Program

(1)

Another C++ Program: Adding Integers

(4)

Memory Concepts

(2)

Arithmetic

(3)

Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators

(5)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Examining the ATM Requirements Document

(9)

Wrap-Up

(9)

Introduction to Classes and Objects

(50)

Introduction

(1)

Classes, Objects, Member Functions and Data Members

(2)

Overview of the Chapter Examples

(1)

Defining a Class with a Member Function

(4)

Defining a Member Function with a Parameter

(3)

Data Members, set Functions and get Functions

(7)

Initializing Objects with Constructors

(4)

Placing a Class in a Separate File for Reusability

(4)

Separating Interface from Implementation

(6)

Validating Data with set Functions

105

(5)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document

110

(8)

Wrap-Up

118

(6)

Control Statements: Part 1

124

(61)

Introduction

125

(1)

Algorithms

125

(1)

Pseudocode

126

(1)

Control Structures

127

(4)

if Selection Statement

131

(1)

if...else Double-Selection Statement

132

(5)

while Repetition Statement

137

(2)

Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition

139

(6)

Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition

145

(11)

Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements

156

(5)

Assignment Operators

161

(1)

Increment and Decrement Operators

161

(4)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Attributes in the ATM System

165

(4)

Wrap-Up

169

(16)

Control Statements: Part 2

185

(53)

Introduction

186

(1)

Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition

186

(2)

for Repetition Statement

188

(5)

Examples Using the for Statement

193

(4)

do...while Repetition Statement

197

(2)

switch Multiple-Selection Statement

199

(10)

break and continue Statements

209

(2)

Logical Operators

211

(5)

Confusing Equality (==) and Assignment (=) Operators

216

(1)

Structured Programming Summary

217

(5)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Objects' States and Activities in the ATM System

222

(4)

Wrap-Up

226

(12)

Functions and an Introduction to Recursion

238

(88)

Introduction

239

(1)

Program Components in C++

240

(1)

Math Library Functions

241

(2)

Function Definitions with Multiple Parameters

243

(5)

Function Prototypes and Argument Coercion

248

(2)

C++ Standard Library Header Files

250

(2)

Case Study: Random Number Generation

252

(6)

Case Study: Game of Chance and Introducing enum

258

(4)

Storage Classes

262

(3)

Scope Rules

265

(3)

Function Call Stack and Activation Records

268

(4)

Functions with Empty Parameter Lists

272

(1)

Inline Functions

273

(2)

References and Reference Parameters

275

(5)

Default Arguments

280

(2)

Unary Scope Resolution Operator

282

(1)

Function Overloading

283

(3)

Function Templates

286

(2)

Recursion

288

(4)

Example Using Recursion: Fibonacci Series

292

(3)

Recursion vs. Iteration

295

(3)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Operations in the ATM System

298

(7)

Wrap-Up

305

(21)

Arrays and Vectors

326

(75)

Introduction

327

(1)

Arrays

328

(1)

Declaring Arrays

329

(1)

Examples Using Arrays

330

(16)

Passing Arrays to Functions

346

(5)

Case Study: Class GradeBook Using an Array to Store Grades

351

(7)

Searching Arrays with Linear Search

358

(1)

Sorting Arrays with Insertion Sort

359

(3)

Multidimensional Arrays

362

(3)

Case Study: Class GradeBook Using a Two-Dimensional Array

365

(7)

Introduction to C++ Standard Library Class Template vector

372

(5)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Collaboration Among Objects in the ATM System

377

(8)

Wrap-Up

385

(16)

Pointers and Pointer-Based Strings

401

(79)

Introduction

402

(1)

Pointer Variable Declarations and Initialization

403

(1)

Pointer Operators

404

(3)

Passing Arguments to Functions by Reference with Pointers

407

(4)

Using const with Pointers

411

(7)

Selection Sort Using Pass-by-Reference

418

(3)

sizeof Operators

421

(3)

Pointer Expressions and Pointer Arithmetic

424

(3)

Relationship Between Pointers and Arrays

427

(4)

Arrays of Pointers

431

(1)

Case Study: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation

432

(6)

Function Pointers

438

(5)

Introduction to Pointer-Based String Processing

443

(11)

Fundamentals of Characters and Pointer-Based Strings

444

(2)

String Manipulation Functions of the String-Handling Library

446

(8)

Wrap-Up

454

(26)

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part I

480

(43)

Introduction

481

(1)

Time Class Case Study

482

(5)

Class Scope and Accessing Class Members

487

(2)

Separating Interface from Implementation

489

(2)

Access Functions and Utility Functions

491

(2)

Time Class Case Study: Constructors with Default Arguments

493

(6)

Destructors

499

(1)

When Constructors and Destructors Are Called

500

(3)

Time Class Case Study: A Subtle Trap---Returning a Reference to a private Data Member

503

(3)

Default Memberwise Assignment

506

(2)

Software Reusability

508

(1)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Starting to Program the Classes of the ATM System

509

(7)

Wrap-Up

516

(7)

Classes: A Deeper Look, Part 2

523

(48)

Introduction

524

(1)

const (Constant) Objects and const Member Functions

524

(10)

Composition: Objects as Members of Classes

534

(7)

friend Functions and friend Classes

541

(4)

Using the this Pointer

545

(5)

Dynamic Memory Management with Operators new and delete

550

(2)

static Class Members

552

(6)

Data Abstraction and Information Hiding

558

(3)

Example: Array Abstract Data Type

559

(1)

Example: String Abstract Data Type

560

(1)

Example: Queue Abstract Data Type

560

(1)

Container Classes and Iterators

561

(1)

Proxy Classes

562

(3)

Wrap-Up

565

(6)

Operator Overloading; String and Array Objects

571

(62)

Introduction

572

(1)

Fundamentals of Operator Overloading

573

(1)

Restrictions on Operator Overloading

574

(2)

Operator Functions as Class Members vs. Global Functions

576

(1)

Overloading Stream Insertion and Stream Extraction Operators

577

(4)

Overloading Unary Operators

581

(1)

Overloading Binary Operators

581

(1)

Case Study: Array Class

582

(12)

Converting between Types

594

(1)

Case Study: String Class

595

(12)

Overloading ++ and - -

607

(2)

Case Study: A Date Class

609

(4)

Standard Library Class string

613

(4)

explicit Constructors

617

(4)

Wrap-Up

621

(12)

Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance

633

(53)

Introduction

634

(1)

Base Classes and Derived Classes

635

(3)

protected Members

638

(1)

Relationship between Base Classes and Derived Classes

638

(32)

Creating and Using a CommissionEmployee Class

639

(5)

Creating a BasePlusCommissionEmployee Class Without Using Inheritance

644

(6)

Creating a CommissionEmployee--BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy

650

(5)

CommissionEmployee--BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy Using protected Data

655

(7)

CommissionEmployee--BasePlusCommissionEmployee Inheritance Hierarchy Using private Data

662

(8)

Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes

670

(8)

public, protected and private Inheritance

678

(1)

Software Engineering with Inheritance

678

(2)

Wrap-Up

680

(6)

Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism

686

(63)

Introduction

687

(2)

Polymorphism Examples

689

(1)

Relationships Among Objects in an Inheritance Hierarchy

690

(17)

Invoking Base-Class Functions from Derived-Class Objects

690

(8)

Aiming Derived-Class Pointers at Base-Class Objects

698

(1)

Derived-Class Member-Function Calls via Base-Class Pointers

699

(2)

Virtual Functions

701

(6)

Summary of the Allowed Assignments Between Base-Class and Derived-Class Objects and Pointers

707

(1)

Type Fields and switch Statements

707

(1)

Abstract Classes and Pure virtual Functions

708

(2)

Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism

710

(18)

Creating Abstract Base Class Employee

712

(3)

Creating Concrete Derived Class SalariedEmployee

715

(2)

Creating Concrete Derived Class HourlyEmployee

717

(3)

Creating Concrete Derived Class CommissionEmployee

720

(2)

Creating Indirect Concrete Derived Class BasePlusCommissionEmployee

722

(2)

Demonstrating Polymorphic Processing

724

(4)

(Optional) Polymorphism, Virtual Functions and Dynamic Binding ``Under the Hood''

728

(4)

Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism and Run-Time Type Information with Downcasting, dynamic_cast, typeid and type_info

732

(3)

Virtual Destructors

735

(1)

(Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Incorporating Inheritance into the ATM System

736

(8)

Wrap-Up

744

(5)

Templates

749

(20)

Introduction

750

(1)

Function Templates

751

(3)

Overloading Function Templates

754

(1)

Class Templates

754

(7)

Nontype Parameters and Default Types for Class Templates

761

(1)

Notes on Templates and Inheritance

762

(1)

Notes on Templates and Friends

762

(1)

Notes on Templates and static Members

763

(1)

Wrap-Up

764

(5)

Stream Input/Output

769

(41)

Introduction

770

(1)

Streams

771

(4)

Classic Streams vs. Standard Streams

772

(1)

iostream Library Header Files

772

(1)

Stream Input/Output Classes and Objects

772

(3)

Stream Output

775

(1)

Output of char * Variables

775

(1)

Character Output using Member Function put

775

(1)

Stream Input

776

(4)

get and getline Member Functions

777

(3)

istream Member Functions peek, putback and ignore

780

(1)

Type-Safe I/O

780

(1)

Unformatted I/O using read, write and gcount

780

(1)

Introduction to Stream Manipulators

781

(6)

Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and setbase

782

(1)

Floating-Point Precision (precision, setprecision)

783

(1)

Field Width (width, setw)

784

(2)

User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators

786

(1)

Stream Format States and Stream Manipulators

787

(10)

Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (showpoint)

788

(1)

Justification (left, right and internal)

789

(2)

Padding (fill, setfill)

791

(1)

Integral Stream Base (dec, oct, hex, showbase)

792

(1)

Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and Fixed Notation (scientific, fixed)

793

(1)

Uppercase/Lowercase Control (uppercase)

793

(2)

Specifying Boolean Format (boolalpha)

795

(1)

Setting and Resetting the Format State via Member Function flags

796

(1)

Stream Error States

797

(3)

Tying an Output Stream to an Input Stream

800

(1)

Wrap-Up

800

(10)

Exception Handling

810

(31)

Introduction

811

(1)

Exception-Handling Overview

812

(1)

Example: Handling an Attempt to Divide by Zero

812

(7)

When to Use Exception Handling

819

(1)

Rethrowing an Exception

820

(1)

Exception Specifications

821

(1)

Processing Unexpected Exceptions

822

(1)

Stack Unwinding

823

(1)

Constructors, Destructors and Exception Handling

824

(1)

Exceptions and Inheritance

825

(1)

Processing new Failures

825

(4)

Class auto_ptr and Dynamic Memory Allocation

829

(3)

Standard Library Exception Hierarchy

832

(2)

Other Error-Handling Techniques

834

(1)

Wrap-Up

834

(7)

File Processing

841

(42)

Introduction

842

(1)

The Data Hierarchy

842

(2)

Files and Streams

844

(1)

Creating a Sequential File

845

(4)

Reading Data from a Sequential File

849

(7)

Updating Sequential Files

856

(1)

Random-Access Files

856

(1)

Creating a Random-Access File

857

(5)

Writing Data Randomly to a Random-Access File

862

(2)

Reading from a Random-Access File Sequentially

864

(3)

Case Study: A Transaction-Processing Program

867

(7)

Input/Output of Objects

874

(1)

Wrap-Up

874

(9)

Class string and String Stream Processing

883

(28)

Introduction

884

(1)

string Assignment and Concatenation

885

(2)

Comparing strings

887

(3)

Substrings

890

(1)

Swapping strings

891

(1)

string Characteristics

892

(2)

Finding Strings and Characters in a string

894

(2)

Replacing Characters in a string

896

(2)

Inserting Characters into a string

898

(1)

Conversion to C-Style Pointer-Based char * Strings

899

(2)

Iterators

901

(1)

String Stream Processing

902

(3)

Wrap-Up

905

(6)

Web Programming

911

(64)

Introduction

912

(1)

HTTP Request Types

913

(1)

Multitier Architecture

914

(1)

Accessing Web Servers

915

(1)

Apache HTTP Server

916

(1)

Requesting XHTML Documents

917

(1)

Introduction to CGI

917

(1)

Simple HTTP Transactions

918

(2)

Simple CGI Scripts

920

(8)

Sending Input to a CGI Script

928

(1)

Using XHTML Forms to Send Input

928

(10)

Other Headers

938

(1)

Case Study: An Interactive Web Page

939

(4)

943

(6)

Server-Side Files

949

(5)

Case Study: Shopping Cart

954

(15)

Wrap-Up

969

(1)

Internet and Web Resources

969

(6)

Searching and Sorting

975

(23)

Introduction

976

(1)

Searching Algorithms

976

(6)

Efficiency of Linear Search

976

(2)

Binary Search

978

(4)

Sorting Algorithms

982

(10)

Efficiency of Selection Sort

984

(1)

Efficiency of Insertion Sort

985

(1)

Merge Sort (A Recursive Implementation)

985

(7)

Wrap-Up

992

(6)

Data Structures

998

(59)

Introduction

999

(1)

Self-Referential Classes

1000

(1)

Dynamic Memory Allocation and Data Structures

1001

(1)

Linked Lists

1001

(15)

Stacks

1016

(5)

Queues

1021

(4)

Trees

1025

(8)

Wrap-Up

1033

(24)

Bits, Characters, C-Strings and structs

1057

(53)

Introduction

1058

(1)

Structure Definitions

1058

(3)

Initializing Structures

1061

(1)

Using Structures with Functions

1061

(1)

typedef

1061

(1)

Example: High-Performance Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation

1062

(3)

Bitwise Operators

1065

(9)

Bit Fields

1074

(4)

Character-Handling Library

1078

(6)

Pointer-Based String-Conversion Functions

1084

(5)

Search Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library

1089

(5)

Memory Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library

1094

(5)

Wrap-Up

1099

(11)

Standard Template Library (STL)

1110

(90)

Introduction to the Standard Template Library (STL)

1112

(12)

Introduction to Containers

1113

(4)

Introduction to Iterators

1117

(5)

Introduction to Algorithms

1122

(2)

Sequence Containers

1124

(14)

vector Sequence Container

1125

(8)

list Sequence Container

1133

(3)

deque Sequence Container

1136

(2)

Associative Containers

1138

(9)

multiset Associative Container

1139

(3)

set Associative Container

1142

(1)

multimap Associative Container

1143

(2)

map Associative Container

1145

(2)

Container Adapters

1147

(5)

stack Adapter

1147

(2)

queue Adapter

1149

(2)

priority_queue Adapter

1151

(1)

Algorithms

1152

(31)

fill, fill_n, generate and generate_n

1153

(1)

equal, mismatch and lexicographical_compare

1154

(3)

remove, remove_if, remove_copy and remove_copy_if

1157

(2)

replace, replace_if, replace_copy and replace_copy_if

1159

(3)

Mathematical Algorithms

1162

(3)

Basic Searching and Sorting Algorithms

1165

(2)

swap, iter_swap and swap_ranges

1167

(2)

copy_backward, merge, unique and reverse

1169

(2)

inplace_merge, unique_copy and reverse_copy

1171

(2)

Set Operations

1173

(3)

lower_bound, upper_bound and equal_range

1176

(2)

Heapsort

1178

(3)

min and max

1181

(1)

STL Algorithms Not Covered in This Chapter

1181

(2)

Class bitset

1183

(4)

Function Objects

1187

(3)

Wrap-Up

1190

(1)

STL Internet and Web Resources

1191

(9)


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