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Jewish Views of the Afterlife,9780876685839
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Jewish Views of the Afterlife


Author(s): Raphael, Simcha Paull
ISBN10:  0876685831
ISBN13:  9780876685839
Format:  Hardcover
Pub. Date:  11/1/1994
Publisher(s): Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc

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Table of Contents
Foreword xxi
Zalman M. Schachter-Shalomi
Preface xxxiii
A Personal Journey
1(10)
A Catalog of Images and Themes on the Afterlife
3(1)
Content of the Book
4(1)
A Word on the Sources
5(2)
How to Read This Book
7(4)
Is There Afterlife After Auschwitz?
11(30)
Do Jews Believe in the Afterlife?
11(3)
The Premodern Jewish Legacy on the Afterlife
14(2)
What Happened to the Afterlife?
16(15)
Biblical Judaism's Inherent Ambivalence toward the Afterlife
16(2)
Eschatology: Individual and Collective
18(2)
The Influence of Moses Maimonides
20(2)
Rationalism, Psychoanalysis, and Death of the Afterlife
22(4)
The Influence of Christianity
26(3)
Is There Afterlife after Auschawitz?
29(2)
Cultural Context
31(10)
The Jewish Renewal Movement
31(4)
Thanatology: The Interdisciplinary Study of Death and Dying
35(3)
Kubler-Ross, the Holocaust, and a New Jewish Vision of the Afterlife
38(3)
Biblical Roots of Jewish Views of the Afterlife
41(36)
The Historical Context
41(2)
The Early Biblical Period
43(8)
The Family Tomb
43(3)
Feeding the Dead
46(2)
Funerary Practices: Bamot
48(1)
Funerary Practices: Teraphim
49(1)
Necromancy, Ob, and Familiar Spirits
50(1)
Sheol-The Afterlife Philosophy of Israelite Religion
51(6)
Origins
51(2)
Characteristics of Sheol
53(1)
Abbadon, Bor, and Shakhat
53(2)
The Inhabitants of Sheol: The Rephaim
55(1)
Sheol, Nefesh Met, and the Biblical Conception of Death
56(1)
The Transition to YHVH's Monotheism
57(7)
Monotheism and Changing Conceptions of Sheol
57(1)
YHVH's Power Extends to Sheol
58(1)
Sheol: A Land of Forgetfulness and a Realm of Silence
59(1)
Sheol Becomes a Realm of Postmortem Retribution
60(1)
Retribution and Individual Responsibility
61(2)
The Dawning of an Individual Immortality
63(1)
Collective Eschatology and the End-of-Days
64(4)
Background
64(1)
Prophetic Visions of the Future: Nationalistic and Universal
65(1)
Conceptions of Divine Judgment
66(2)
The Final Transition
68(1)
Resurrection-The Synthesis of Individual and Collective Eschatology
68(6)
Introduction
68(1)
National Resurrection in Ezekiel
69(2)
Resurrection in Isaiah
71(1)
Resurrection in Daniel
72(1)
The Importance of Resurrection in Jewish Eschatology
73(1)
Summary
74(3)
Tours of Heaven and Hell in Apocryphal Literature
77(40)
The Historical Context
77(5)
Relationship to Biblical Conceptions of Afterlife
82(2)
The Book of Enoch (1 Enoch)
84(10)
The Enochic Traditions within Judaism
84(2)
Sheol as a Punitive Realm for the Wicked
86(1)
Enoch's Tour of Sheol
86(2)
Gehenna
88(1)
Sheol as a Realm of Torturous Punishment
89(1)
Other Images of Gehenna/Sheol
90(1)
Paradise/Heaven
91(1)
The World That Is to Become
92(1)
Significance of 1 Enoch in the Evolution of Jewish Afterlife Beliefs
93(1)
2 Enoch-The Book of the Secrets of Enoch
94(3)
3 Enoch, or the Hebrew Book of Enoch
97(2)
The Fourth Book of Ezra
99(3)
Individual Immortality in Apocryphal Literature
102(3)
Divine Judgment
105(4)
Divine Last Judgment of the Nations
105(1)
Divine Last Judgment of the Righteous and the Wicked
105(1)
Judgment of the Individual and the Recording of Human Deeds
106(2)
Divine Judgment before a Heavenly Court of Law
108(1)
Individual and Collective Judgment Synthesized
109(1)
Resurrection
109(5)
Background
109(1)
2 Maccabees: Resurrection of Fallen Israelites
110(1)
Resurrection of All Humanity/Resurrection of the Righteous
111(1)
1 Enoch: Resurrection of the Righteous
112(2)
Resurrection within the Postmortem Scheme of Jewish Life in the Apocryphal Era
114(1)
Summary
114(3)
The World to Come in Rabbinic Judaism
117(46)
The Historical Context
117(4)
Olam Ha-Ba/The World to Come-Varying Conceptions
121(9)
This World/The World to Come
121(2)
What Is Olam Ha-Ba?
123(2)
Olam Ha-Ba and the End-of-Days
125(2)
Olam Ha-Ba as a Postmortem Realm
127(2)
Divine Judgment and Olam Ha-Ba
129(1)
Phenomena of the After-Death Journey
130(6)
The Moment of Death, and Beyond
130(2)
The Postmortem Life Review
132(1)
The Angel of Death
133(2)
Other Angels Encountered at the Time of Death
135(1)
Fate of the Dead in the Grave
136(4)
Do the Dead Feel Pain?
136(1)
Are the Dead Aware of the Living?
136(3)
Necromancy
139(1)
Experiences of the Soul in the Days Following Death
139(1)
Gehenna-The Realm of Postmortem Punishment
140(9)
Names of Gehenna
140(1)
Origins of Gehenna
141(1)
Gehenna and the Ethical Worldview of Rabbinic Judaism
142(2)
Duration of Punishment in Gehenna
144(1)
Diverse Characteristics of Gehenna
145(4)
Gan Eden and Beyond
149(7)
The Location and Creation of Gan Eden
149(2)
Gan Eden: Messianic or Postmortem?
151(2)
Mythic Descriptions of Gan Eden
153(1)
Beyond Gan Eden: The Divine Treasury of Souls
154(2)
Resurrection of the Dead
156(4)
Resurrection-A Fundamental Rabbinic Doctrine
156(2)
Who Will Be Resurrected?
158(2)
Resurrection and the Immortality of the Soul
160(1)
Summary
160(3)
Visionary Tours of the Afterlife in Medieval Midrash
163(72)
The Historical Context
163(1)
The Sources
164(2)
Hibbut Ha-Kever Texts
166(7)
``Philosophical Introduction'' to Hibbut Ha-Kever
167(2)
Rabbi Isaac ben Parnach mi Gehinnom (Preamble to Masekhet Hibbut Ha-Kever)
169(2)
Masekhet Hibbut Ha-Kever-``Tractate of the Pangs of the Grave''
171(2)
Gehenna Texts
173(11)
Masekhet Gehinnom-``Tractate of Gehinnom''
175(2)
Masekhet Gehinnom-``Tractate of Gehinnom'' (continued)
177(2)
Punishments of Gehenna
179(1)
Compartments of Gehenna
180(2)
Rabbi Joshua ben Levi and the Seven Compartments of Gehinnom
182(2)
Gan Eden Texts
184(22)
Masekhet Gan Eden-``Tractate of Gan Eden'' (``The Gates of Gan Eden'')
186(2)
Rabbi Joshua ben Levi and the Seven Compartments of Gan Eden (Maaseh de R. Joshua ben Levi)
188(4)
Life in Gan Eden on the Sabbath (Seder Gan Eden)
192(1)
Gan Eden and the World to Come (Seder Gan Eden)
193(13)
Other Visionary Texts
206(26)
Gedulat Moshe-``The Revelation Of Moses''
207(11)
Immanuel ben Solomon of Rome-Ha-Tophet V'Ha-Eden
218(14)
Summary
232(3)
Immortality of the Soul in Medieval Philosophy
235(38)
The Historical Context
235(1)
Character of Medieval Writings on the Afterlife
236(1)
Medieval Treatises on Immortality
237(1)
The Afterlife Philosophy of Saadia Gaon
238(6)
Introduction-The Life and Work of Saadia Gaon
238(2)
Saadia's Philosophy of the Soul
240(2)
Reward and Punishment in Emunot Ve-Daot
242(2)
Resurrection and Reincarnation in Emunot Ve-Daot
244(1)
The Afterlife Philosophy of Moses Maimonides
244(14)
Introduction: The Life and Work of Maimonides
244(2)
Perek Helek: Eschatological Views at the Time of Maimonides
246(3)
Perek Helek: The Immortal Spiritual World of Olam Ha-Ba
249(2)
Perek Helek: Olam Ha-Ba and Divine Retribution
251(2)
Mishneh Torah: Hilkhot Teshuvah (``Laws of Repentance'')
253(2)
Maimonides' ``Treatise on Resurrection''
255(2)
Maimonides-Individual or Collective Eschatology?
257(1)
The Afterlife Philosophy of Gersonides
258(4)
Introduction-The Life and Work of Gersonides
258(2)
Immortality of the Soul in Milhamot Ha-Shem
260(2)
The Afterlife Philosophy of Nahmanides
262(8)
Introduction-The Life and Work of Nahmanides
262(1)
Nahmanides on Divine Judgment
263(1)
The Fate of the Soul in Gehenna
264(2)
Distinction between Gan Eden and the World to Come
266(2)
The World to Come and the World of Souls
268(2)
Nahmanides' Role in the Evolution of Jewish Afterlife Teachings
270(1)
Summary
270(3)
The Afterlife Journey of the Soul in Kabbalah
273(56)
The Historical Context
273(3)
The Sources
276(2)
Kabbalistic Philosophy of the Soul
278(4)
A Tripartite Model of the Soul
278(1)
Unity of Nefesh, Ruah, and Neshamah
279(1)
A Fivefold Model of the Soul
280(1)
The Postmortem Fate of the Soul
281(1)
Divine Judgment
282(4)
Ethical Basis of Afterlife Views in the Zohar
282(2)
Seven Occasions for Divine Judgment
284(1)
Judgment Prior to Death
284(1)
Judgment on the Sickbed
285(1)
Judgment on the Day of Death
286(1)
Dying and the Visions of the Deathbed
286(5)
Attitudes toward Dying
286(1)
Supernal Visions of the Deathbed
287(1)
Visions of Adam
288(1)
Visions of the Shekhinah
288(1)
Visions of the Angel of Death
289(1)
Visions of Deceased Relatives and Friends
290(1)
Life Review
290(1)
Departure of the Soul from the Physical Body
291(7)
Hibbut Ha-Kever
291(2)
Separation of Body and Soul
293(1)
Remembering One's Name
293(1)
The Catapult-Kaf Ha-Kela
294(1)
Decomposition of the Body
294(2)
Guf Ha-Dak
296(2)
Gehenna
298(10)
Seven Stories of Gehenna
298(1)
Dumah and the Attendants of Gehenna
299(2)
Gehenna as Purgation and Purification
301(2)
Punishment in Gehenna-Finite or Eternal?
303(3)
Further Antidotes to Postmortem Punishment
306(1)
Sabbath: A Day of Rest in Gehenna
307(1)
From Gehenna to Lower Gan Eden
308(1)
Gan Eden
308(6)
Entering Gan Eden
308(1)
Souls of the Righteous Are in Gan Eden
309(1)
Lower Gan Eden
310(1)
Upper Gan Eden
311(2)
Tzror Ha-Hayyim-Return to the Source
313(1)
Gilgul-The Kabbalistic Doctrine of Reincarnation
314(7)
Reincarnation-A Jewish Belief
314(1)
Historical Background
314(3)
Purpose of Gilgul
317(1)
Transmigration into Animal Bodies
318(1)
Gilgul for the Purpose of Fulfilling the Mitzvot
319(1)
Gilgul and the Soul
320(1)
Ibbur and Dybbuk
321(3)
Gilgul on the Folk Level
321(1)
Ibbur: Benign Possession
321(1)
Dybbuk: Malevolent Possession
322(1)
Historical Background
323(1)
Exorcism of a Dybbuk in Lurianic Kabbalah
324(1)
Resurrection
324(2)
Resurrection and Gilgul
324(1)
Resurrection of a Spiritualized Body
325(1)
Spiritual Resurrection
325(1)
Summary
326(3)
Death and the Afterlife in Hasidic Tales
329(28)
The Historical Context
329(2)
The Hasidic Tale
331(1)
Hasidic Tales as Sources for Studying the Afterlife
332(1)
Attitudes toward Death
333(2)
Dying and Living
333(1)
Death without Fear
334(1)
Death in the Holocaust
334(1)
Preparing for Death
335(1)
Learning How to Die
335(1)
Conscious Preparation for the Final Moment
335(1)
Ensuring a Peaceful Death
336(1)
Precognition of Death
336(3)
Precognition of One's Own Death
336(1)
Precognition of Another's Death
337(1)
Precognition of the Death of Another Rebbe
338(1)
The Rebbe's Deathbed Experiences
339(3)
Deathbed Visions
339(1)
Transmission to Disciples
339(1)
The Baal Shem Tov's Death
340(1)
The Death of Reb Shlomo of Karlin
340(1)
The Death of Reb Mikhal of Zlotchov
341(1)
The Dying Rebbe: A Model for Conscious Transition
341(1)
Entering the Postmortem Realms
342(3)
Life Review
342(1)
Judgment
342(1)
Judgment and Near-Death Experiences
343(1)
The World of Confusion
344(1)
The Rebbe Redeems Souls from Gehenna
345(3)
Bargaining with God
345(1)
Standing before Gehenna Unafraid
346(1)
Gehenna Preferred to Gilgul
347(1)
From Gehenna to Gan Eden
348(1)
Gan Eden-A Reflection of One's Own Consciousness
348(3)
Each Person Creates Their Own Gan Eden
348(1)
The Blaze and Ecstasy of Gan Eden
349(1)
Gan Eden Is in the Tannaim
349(1)
Gan Eden for the Wicked
349(1)
Gan Eden for the Unlearned
350(1)
Gan Eden: An Evolutionary Journey
350(1)
Spirits and Souls on the Other Side
351(4)
Encounters with the Spirit World
351(1)
Visitation by the Soul of a Dead Grandfather
352(1)
The Rebbe Descends from Gan Eden
352(1)
Connection with the Rebbe Transcends Death
352(1)
Personal Relationships Continue after Death
353(1)
Reincarnating Souls
354(1)
Summary
355(2)
A Contemporary Psychological Model of the Afterlife
357(46)
Afterlife Teachings as a Reflection of Culture
357(2)
The Cultural Context
359(5)
Near-Death Experiences
359(1)
Tibetan Buddhist Bardo Teachings
360(1)
Transpersonal Psychology and the Afterlife
361(2)
A Kabbalistic-Psychological Cartography of the Afterlife
363(1)
Background-The Kabbalistic Framework
364(4)
A Structural Framework for Understanding the Afterlife
368(3)
The Dying Process
371(10)
The Experience of the Clear Light-The River of Light
372(1)
The Encounter with Angelic Spirits and Deceased Relatives
373(3)
The Life Review
376(2)
The Dissolution of Elements
378(1)
Passing through the Tunnel-Rending the ``Silver Cord''
379(2)
Hibbut Ha-Kever-Separation from the Physical Body
381(3)
Gehenna-Emotional Purification
384(4)
Lower Gan Eden-Final Completion of the Personality
388(2)
Upper Gan Eden-Heavenly Repose for the Soul
390(2)
Tzror Ha-Hayyim-Return to the Source
392(1)
Preparation for Rebirth
392(2)
A Hasidic Tale on the Afterlife Journey of the Soul
394(5)
Summary
399(1)
Conclusions
400(3)
Notes 403(40)
Bibliography 443(14)
Acknowledgments 457(2)
Index 459

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