Tort Law: Responsibilities and Redress: Goldberg, John C. P.: 9780735526204: Book: History: eCampus.com

Preface

xix

Acknowledgments

xxiii

Notes on the Text

xxv

Part One Overview

(44)

An Introduction to Torts

(42)

What Is a Tort?

(1)

An Example of a Tort Suit

(27)

Walter v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

(7)

Common Law and Statute

(4)

Responsibilities in Tort

(2)

The Role of Lawyers

(3)

Proceeding Through Court

(10)

Tort Law in Context

(10)

Tort Contrasted with Other Areas of Law

(7)

The Politics of Tort Law

(2)

Some Statistics Concerning the Tort System

(1)

Using This Book

(4)

References/Further Reading

(4)

Part Two Negligence: Liability for Physical Harms

(490)

The Duty Element

(88)

Negligence: A Brief Overview

(3)

Elements of the Prima Facie Case

(1)

The Injury Element

(2)

Focusing on Physical Harms

(1)

The Duty Element and the General Duty of Reasonable Care

(22)

Easy Cases: The Unqualified Duty to Conduct Oneself with Reasonable Care for the Person and Property of Others

(1)

A Sampling of Easy Duty Cases Drawn from English Law

(3)

The Evolution of Duty Rules

(4)

MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co.

(8)

Mussivand v. David

(5)

Qualified Duties of Care

(63)

Premises Liability

(1)

Salman v. City of Waterbury

(8)

Pure Economic Loss

(1)

State of Louisiana v. M/V Testbank

(11)

Affirmative Duties to Rescue and Protect

(1)

Osterlind v. Hill

(1)

Theobald v. Dolcimascola

(7)

Tarasoff v. The Regents of the University of California

102

(12)

McGuiggan v. New England Tel. & Tel. Co.

114

(7)

Policy-Based Duty Exemptions

121

(1)

Strauss v. Belle Realty Co.

121

(11)

References/Further Reading

132

(3)

The Breach Element

135

(74)

Duty, Breach, and the Two Meanings of Negligence

135

(15)

Rogers v. Retum

136

(4)

Caliri v. New Hampshire Dept. of Transportation

140

(1)

Pingaro v. Rossi

141

(2)

Jones v. Port Authority of Allegheny County

143

(7)

Defining the Reasonable Person

150

(14)

Vaughan v. Menlove

150

(3)

Appelhans v. McFall

153

(11)

Industry and Professional Custom

164

(18)

The T.J. Hooper

164

(2)

Johnson v. Riverdale Anesthesia Assocs., P.C.

166

(4)

Largey v. Rothman

170

(12)

Reasonableness, Balancing, and Cost-Benefit Analysis

182

(15)

United States v. Carroll Twing Co.

183

(4)

Rhode Island Hosp. Trust Nat'l Bank v. Zapata Corp.

187

(10)

Proving Breach: Res Ipsa Loquitur

197

(12)

Byrne v. Boadle

198

(2)

Kambat v. St. Francis Hosp.

200

(7)

References/Further Reading

207

(2)

The Causation Element

209

(56)

Key Terms and Concepts

209

(4)

Actual and Proximate Cause

209

(1)

Actual Cause, the Jury, and the But-For Test

210

(1)

Two Meanings of ``Caused''

211

(2)

Proving But-For Causation under the Preponderance Standard

213

(24)

Skinner v. Square D Co.

213

(7)

Beswick v. City of Philadelphia

220

(9)

Falcon v. Memorial Hospital

229

(8)

Multiple Necessary and Multiple Sufficient Causes

237

(20)

McDonald v. Robinson

237

(3)

Aldridge v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.

240

(17)

Causation and Burden-Shifting

257

(8)

Summers v. Tice

257

(5)

References/Further Reading

262

(3)

Aligning the Elements: Proximate Cause and Palsgraf

265

(60)

Proximate Cause

266

(26)

History

266

(5)

Foreseeable Risks and the Risk Rule

271

(1)

Union Pump Co. v. Allbritton

271

(4)

Metts v. Griglak

275

(6)

Superseding Cause

281

(1)

Britton v. Wooten

282

(10)

The Persistent Puzzle of Palsgraf

292

(14)

Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co.

292

(14)

Proximate Cause and Palsgraf Revisited

306

(19)

Ryan v. New York Cent. R. R. Co.

306

(5)

Petitions of the Kinsman Transit Co.

311

(11)

References/Further Reading

322

(3)

Statutory Supplements: Negligence Per Se, Wrongful Death Acts, and Implied Rights of Action

325

(52)

Negligence Per Se

326

(14)

Dalal v. City of New York

326

(1)

Bayne v. Todd Shipyards Corp.

327

(3)

Victor v. Hedges

330

(10)

Wrongful Death Acts

340

(16)

Historical Background

341

(2)

Lord Campbell's Act and American Statutes

343

(3)

Nelson v. Dolan

346

(10)

Implied Rights of Action

356

(21)

Tex. & Pac. Ry. Co. v. Rigsby

357

(2)

J. I. Case Co. v. Borak

359

(7)

Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics

366

(8)

References/Further Reading

374

(3)

Defenses

377

(72)

Contributory Negligence and Comparative Responsibility

377

(15)

Contributory Negligence

377

(3)

Comparative Responsibility in Action

380

(1)

United States v. Reliable Transfer Co.

381

(2)

Hunt v. Ohio Dept. of Rehabilitation & Correction

383

(9)

Assumption of Risk

392

(20)

Express Assumption of Risk

393

(1)

Jones v. Dressel

393

(5)

Dalury v. S-K-I, Ltd.

398

(5)

Implied Assumption of Risk

403

(1)

Monk v. Virgin Islands Water & Power Auth.

403

(9)

Statutes of Limitations and Repose

412

(8)

Ranney v. Parawax Co.

412

(8)

Immunities and Exemptions from Liability

420

(29)

Schultz v. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark

421

(8)

Downs v. United States

429

(7)

Riss v. City of New York

436

(11)

References/Further Reading

447

(2)

Damages and Apportionment

449

(86)

Elements and Availability of Damages

449

(39)

Compensatory Damages

449

(1)

Smith v. Leech Brain & Co. Ltd.

449

(6)

Kenton v. Hyatt Hotels Corp.

455

(14)

Punitive Damages

469

(1)

National By-Products, Inc. v. Searcy House Moving Co.

470

(4)

Mathias v. Accor Economy Lodging, Inc.

474

(14)

Vicarious Liability

488

(12)

Taber v. Maine

488

(12)

Joint Liability and Contribution

500

(14)

Ravo v. Rogatnick

500

(8)

Bencivenga v. J.J.A.M.M., Inc.

508

(6)

Indemnification and Liability Insurance

514

(14)

Interinsurance Exch. of the Automobile Club v. Flores

514

(14)

Enforcing Judgments: Getting to Assets

528

(7)

References/Further Reading

530

(5)

Part Three Dignitary Torts and Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress

535

(202)

Battery, Assault, and False Imprisonment

537

(90)

Dignitary Torts

537

(2)

Battery, Assault, and False Imprisonment: Elements

539

(44)

Battery

539

(3)

Newland v. Azan

542

(7)

Herr v. Booten

549

(6)

Assault

555

(1)

Beach v. Hancock

556

(1)

Brooker v. Silverthorne

557

(3)

Vetter v. Morgan

560

(4)

False Imprisonment

564

(1)

Fojtik v. Charter Med. Corp.

564

(9)

Unintended Consequences and Transferred Intent

573

(1)

Cole v. Hibberd

573

(5)

In re White

578

(5)

Defenses

583

(44)

Consent

584

(1)

Koffman v. Garnett

584

(9)

Self-Defense and Defense of Others

593

(1)

Haeussler v. De Loretto

594

(3)

Defense and Recapture of Property

597

(1)

Katko v. Briney

597

(4)

Jones v. Fisher

601

(9)

Investigative Detention and Arrest

610

(1)

Grant v. Stop-N-Go Market of Texas, Inc.

610

(5)

Thurman v. City of Milwaukee

615

(10)

References/Further Reading

625

(2)

Infliction of Emotional Distress

627

(110)

Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress

627

(53)

The Emergence of IIED

627

(4)

Elements

631

(1)

Dickens v. Puryear

631

(4)

Littlefield v. McGuffey

635

(14)

Doe 1 v. Roman Catholic Diocese of Nashville

649

(10)

IIED Applied: Employment Discrimination

659

(1)

Wilson v. Monarch Paper Co.

660

(7)

Stockett v. Tolin

667

(13)

Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress

680

(57)

From No Injury to the Zone of Danger

681

(1)

Wyman v. Leavitt

681

(1)

Robb v. Pennsylvania R.R. Co.

682

(4)

Consolidated Rail Corp. v. Gottshall

686

(16)

Undertakings to Be Vigilant of Another's Emotional Well-Being

702

(1)

Beul v. ASSE Intl., Inc.

703

(9)

Beyond the Zone: Bystander Claims

712

(1)

Waube v. Warrington

712

(3)

Dillon v. Legg

715

(8)

Thing v. La Chusa

723

(12)

References/Further Reading

735

(2)

Part Four Liability Without Fault and Products Liability

737

(220)

Property Torts and Ultrahazardous Activities

739

(76)

Introduction

739

(14)

Harvey v. Dunlop

740

(2)

N.Y. Central R.R. Co. v. White

742

(11)

Property Torts

753

(45)

Trespass to Land: Prima Facie Case

753

(1)

Burns Philip Food, Inc. v. Cavalea Contl. Freight, Inc.

754

(5)

Kopka v. Bell Tel. Co.

759

(6)

Vincent v. Lake Erie Transp. Co.

765

(8)

Consent (With Notes on Other Defenses)

773

(1)

Copeland v. Hubbard Broadcasting, Inc.

773

(5)

Nuisance

778

(1)

Sturges v. Bridgman

778

(8)

Penland v. Redwood Sanitary Sewer Serv. Dist.

786

(6)

Boomer v. Atlantic Cement Co.

792

(6)

Ultrahazardous Activities

798

(17)

Rylands v. Fletcher

798

(2)

Klein v. Pyrodyne Corp.

800

(13)

Reference/Further Reading

813

(2)

Products Liability

815

(142)

Introduction

815

(25)

Precursors

817

(1)

Escola v. Coca Cola Bottling Co.

817

(9)

The Emergence of Strict Products Liability

826

(1)

Greenman v. Yuba Power Prods., Inc.

826

(6)

The Second and Third Restatement of Torts

832

(1)

Cronin v. J.B.E. Olson Corp.

833

(7)

Basics of a Products Liability Claim

840

(16)

What Counts as an Injury?

840

(1)

What Is a ``Product''?

841

(2)

Who or What Is a ``Seller''?

843

(3)

The Key to Products Liability: Defect

846

(2)

Gower v. Savage Arms, Inc.

848

(8)

Design Defect

856

(43)

Applying the Risk-Utility Test for Design Defect

858

(1)

Cepeda v. Cumberland Eng'g Co.

858

(15)

The Changing Meaning of Design Defect in California Law

873

(1)

Barker v. Lull Eng'g Co.

873

(9)

Soule v. General Motors Corp.

882

(17)

Prescription Drugs

899

(27)

Product Identification and Apportionment

900

(1)

Sindell v. Abbott Labs.

901

(12)

Standards of Defectiveness for Prescription Drugs

913

(2)

Freeman v. Hoffman-La Roche, Inc.

915

(11)

Failure to Warn or Instruct

926

(31)

Which Risks Require Warning?

926

(1)

Anderson v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp.

926

(11)

Proving Actual Causation in a Failure to Warn Case

937

(2)

Motus v. Pfizer Inc.

939

(13)

References/Further Reading

952

(5)

Part Five Torts at the Supreme Court

957

(82)

Torts at the Supreme Court

959

(80)

Introduction

959

(2)

Torts and Evidence: Guidelines for Expert Testimony in Personal Injury Cases

961

(9)

Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

962

(8)

Torts and Punishment (and Deterrence): Constitutional Limits on Punitive Damages

970

(14)

BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore

972

(12)

Torts Without Injuries?: Unripened Physical Harm and Medical Monitoring Claims

984

(14)

Metro-North Commuter R.R. Co. v. Buckley

986

(12)

Torts, Fairness, and Efficiency: Mass Torts and Class Actions

998

(21)

Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor

1002

(17)

Tort Law and the Administrative State: Preemption

1019

(20)

Geier v. American Honda Motor Co.

1021

(16)

References/Further Reading

1037

(2)

Appendix A: Materials Concerning Walter v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

1039

(46)

Table of Cases

1085

(8)

Index

1093




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