| Preface |
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xvii | |
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Introduction to the History and Science of Psychology |
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1 | (48) |
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The History and Scope of Psychology |
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2 | (14) |
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2 | (5) |
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7 | (5) |
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Close-Up: Your Study of Psychology |
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12 | (4) |
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Thinking Critically With Psychological Science |
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16 | (14) |
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The Need for Psychological Science |
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16 | (6) |
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Frequently Asked Questions About Psychology |
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22 | (6) |
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Thinking Critically About: Desegregation and the Death Penalty---When Beliefs Collide With Psychological Science |
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28 | (2) |
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Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions |
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30 | (19) |
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30 | (3) |
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33 | (5) |
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38 | (3) |
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41 | (8) |
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Neuroscience and Behavior |
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49 | (42) |
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Neural and Hormonal Systems |
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50 | (14) |
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50 | (6) |
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56 | (4) |
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60 | (4) |
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64 | (27) |
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64 | (3) |
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67 | (4) |
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71 | (9) |
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80 | (4) |
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Thinking Critically About: Left Brain/Right Brain |
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84 | (3) |
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Reflections on the Biological Revolution in Psychology |
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87 | (4) |
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Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity |
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91 | (42) |
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Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology |
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92 | (18) |
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Behavior Genetics: Predicting Individual Differences |
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92 | (10) |
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Evolutionary Psychology: Understanding Human Nature |
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102 | (8) |
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Environmental Influences on Behavior |
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110 | (23) |
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110 | (4) |
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114 | (7) |
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121 | (6) |
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Reflections on Nature and Nurture |
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127 | (6) |
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Developing Through the Life Span |
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133 | (58) |
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Prenatal Development and the Newborn |
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134 | (5) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Research Strategies for Understanding Infants' Thinking |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (21) |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (6) |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (11) |
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160 | (11) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (2) |
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Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues |
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171 | (20) |
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171 | (6) |
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177 | (4) |
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181 | (6) |
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Reflections on Two Major Developmental Issues |
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187 | (4) |
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191 | (74) |
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Introduction to Sensation and Perception |
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192 | (9) |
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193 | (4) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (3) |
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201 | (13) |
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The Stimulus Input: Light Energy |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (3) |
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Visual Information Processing |
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205 | (5) |
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210 | (4) |
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214 | (10) |
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The Stimulus Input: Sound Waves |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (1) |
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Close-Up: A Noisy Noise Annoys |
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217 | (2) |
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Hearing Loss and Deaf Culture |
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219 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Living in a Silent World |
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221 | (3) |
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224 | (11) |
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224 | (5) |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (3) |
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Body Position and Movement |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (15) |
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235 | (2) |
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Organizational Principles |
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237 | (13) |
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Perceptual Interpretation |
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250 | (15) |
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Sensory Deprivation and Restored Vision |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (4) |
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Perception and the Human Factor |
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256 | (2) |
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Is There Extrasensory Perception? |
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258 | (7) |
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265 | (44) |
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Waking and Sleeping Rhythms |
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266 | (20) |
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Consciousness and Information Processing |
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266 | (2) |
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268 | (18) |
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286 | (6) |
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287 | (2) |
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Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Consciousness? |
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289 | (3) |
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292 | (17) |
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292 | (2) |
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294 | (6) |
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Close-Up: Near-Death Experiences---Mystical Visions or Hallucinations? |
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300 | (2) |
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302 | (7) |
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309 | |
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312 | (11) |
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312 | (5) |
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Updating Pavlov's Understanding |
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317 | (2) |
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319 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Trauma as Classical Conditioning |
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321 | (2) |
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323 | (15) |
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323 | (8) |
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Extending Skinner's Understanding |
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331 | (2) |
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333 | (2) |
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Contrasting Classical and Operant Conditioning |
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335 | (3) |
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338 | (7) |
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339 | (1) |
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Applications of Observational Learning |
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340 | (5) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (4) |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (3) |
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Encoding: Getting Information In |
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350 | (10) |
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350 | (3) |
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353 | (7) |
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Storage: Retaining Information |
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360 | (10) |
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360 | (1) |
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Working/Short-Term Memory |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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Storing Memories in the Brain |
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363 | (7) |
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Retrieval: Getting Information Out |
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370 | (6) |
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Recall, Recognition, and Relearning |
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370 | (1) |
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Close-Up: Retrieving Passwords |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (5) |
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Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Memory Improvement |
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376 | (19) |
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377 | (5) |
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382 | (8) |
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390 | (5) |
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Thinking, Language, and Intelligence |
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395 | (1) |
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396 | (16) |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | (3) |
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Making Decisions and Forming Judgments |
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401 | (3) |
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Thinking Critically About: The Fear Factor---Do We Fear the Right Things? |
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404 | (3) |
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407 | (5) |
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412 | (18) |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (6) |
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419 | (4) |
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Animal Thinking and Language |
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423 | (7) |
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Introduction to Intelligence |
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430 | (12) |
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Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? |
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430 | (5) |
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435 | (2) |
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Intelligence and Creativity |
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437 | (1) |
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Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable? |
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438 | (4) |
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442 | (12) |
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The Origins of Intelligence Testing |
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442 | (2) |
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Modern Tests of Mental Abilities |
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444 | (2) |
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Principles of Test Construction |
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446 | (3) |
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The Dynamics of Intelligence |
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449 | (5) |
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence |
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454 | (15) |
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454 | (2) |
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456 | (2) |
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Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores |
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458 | (6) |
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464 | (5) |
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469 | (1) |
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Introduction to Motivation |
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470 | (4) |
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470 | (1) |
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471 | (1) |
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471 | (1) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (8) |
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474 | (3) |
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477 | (5) |
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Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong |
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482 | (18) |
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482 | (3) |
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485 | (1) |
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486 | (2) |
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488 | (6) |
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494 | (1) |
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495 | (5) |
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500 | (13) |
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Close-Up: I/O Psychology at Work |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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Close-Up: Discovering Your Strengths |
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502 | (3) |
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Organizational Psychology: Motivating Achievement |
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505 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Doing Well While Doing Good: ``The Great Experiment'' |
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507 | (6) |
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513 | (1) |
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514 | (10) |
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514 | (2) |
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516 | (2) |
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Thinking Critically About: Lie Detection |
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518 | (6) |
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524 | (9) |
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524 | (3) |
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Detecting and Computing Emotion |
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527 | (1) |
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Culture and Emotional Expression |
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528 | (2) |
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The Effects of Facial Expression |
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530 | (3) |
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533 | (16) |
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534 | (2) |
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536 | (2) |
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538 | (8) |
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Close-Up: How to Be Happier |
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546 | (3) |
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549 | (1) |
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550 | (13) |
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550 | (5) |
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555 | (2) |
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Stress and Susceptibility to Disease |
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557 | (2) |
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559 | (4) |
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563 | (15) |
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Strategies for Alleviating Stress |
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563 | (3) |
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Close-Up: Pets Are Friends, Too |
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566 | (2) |
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568 | (4) |
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Thinking Critically About: Alternative Medicine---New Ways to Health, or Old Snake Oil? |
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572 | (6) |
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Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors |
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578 | (19) |
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578 | (4) |
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Close-Up: For Those Who Want to Stop Smoking |
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582 | (2) |
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584 | (2) |
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The Social Effects of Obesity |
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586 | (6) |
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Close-Up: For Those Who Want to Lose Weight |
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592 | (5) |
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597 | (1) |
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The Psychoanalytic Perspective |
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598 | (14) |
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Exploring the Unconscious |
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598 | (5) |
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The Neo-Freudian and Psychodynamic Theorists |
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603 | (1) |
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Assessing Unconscious Processes |
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604 | (2) |
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Evaluating the Psychoanalytic Perspective |
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606 | (6) |
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The Humanistic Perspective |
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612 | (4) |
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Abraham Maslow's Self-Actualizing Person |
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612 | (1) |
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Carl Rogers' Person-Centered Perspective |
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613 | (1) |
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613 | (1) |
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Evaluating the Humanistic Perspective |
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614 | (2) |
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Contemporary Research on Personality |
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616 | (25) |
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616 | (4) |
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Thinking Critically About: How to Be a ``Successful'' Astrologer or Palm Reader |
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620 | (5) |
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The Social-Cognitive Perspective |
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625 | (6) |
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Close-Up: Toward a More Positive Psychology |
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631 | (2) |
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633 | (8) |
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641 | (1) |
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Introduction to Psychological Disorders |
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642 | (12) |
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Defining Psychological Disorders |
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642 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: ADHD---Pathologizing Rambunctiousness or Genuine Disorder? |
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643 | (1) |
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Understanding Psychological Disorders |
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644 | (2) |
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Classifying Psychological Disorders |
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646 | (1) |
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Labeling Psychological Disorders |
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647 | (1) |
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Close-Up: The ``un-DSM'': A Diagnostic Manual of Human Strengths |
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648 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: Insanity and Responsibility |
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649 | (1) |
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Rates of Psychological Disorders |
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650 | (4) |
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654 | (8) |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder |
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654 | (1) |
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655 | (1) |
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
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656 | (1) |
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder |
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657 | (1) |
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Explaining Anxiety Disorders |
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658 | (4) |
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Dissociative and Personality Disorders |
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662 | (5) |
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662 | (2) |
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664 | (3) |
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667 | (11) |
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Major Depressive Disorder |
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667 | (1) |
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668 | (1) |
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Explaining Mood Disorders |
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669 | (1) |
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670 | (8) |
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678 | (9) |
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Symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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678 | (1) |
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Subtypes of Schizophrenia |
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679 | (1) |
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680 | (7) |
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687 | (1) |
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The Psychological Therapies |
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688 | (14) |
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688 | (3) |
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691 | (2) |
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693 | (3) |
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696 | (3) |
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Group and Family Therapies |
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699 | (3) |
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Evaluating Psychotherapies |
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702 | (13) |
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Is Psychotherapy Effective? |
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702 | (2) |
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Thinking Critically About: ``Regressing'' from Unusual to Usual |
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704 | (2) |
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The Relative Effectiveness of Different Therapies |
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706 | (1) |
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Evaluating Alternative Therapies |
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707 | (2) |
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Commonalities Among Psychotherapies |
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709 | (1) |
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Close-Up: A Consumer's Guide to Psychotherapists |
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710 | (1) |
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Culture and Values in Psychotherapy |
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711 | (1) |
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Close-Up: Preventing Psychological Disorders by Treating the Social Contexts That Breed Them |
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712 | (3) |
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715 | (10) |
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715 | (4) |
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719 | (2) |
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721 | (4) |
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725 | (1) |
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726 | (8) |
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Attributing Behavior to Persons or to Situations |
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726 | (3) |
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729 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Abu Ghraib Prison: An ``Atrocity-Producing Situation''? |
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731 | (3) |
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734 | (13) |
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734 | (7) |
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741 | (6) |
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747 | (18) |
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747 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Automatic Prejudice |
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749 | (4) |
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753 | (6) |
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Close-Up: Parallels Between Smoking and Media Violence Effects |
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759 | (2) |
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761 | (4) |
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765 | |
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765 | (6) |
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771 | (3) |
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774 | |
| Appendix A: Careers in Psychology |
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1 | (1) |
| Appendix B: Answers to Test Yourself Questions |
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1 | (1) |
| Glossary |
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1 | (1) |
| References |
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1 | (1) |
| Name Index |
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1 | (1) |
| Subject Index |
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1 | |
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