Identity and Ethnicity in the Rural South: A Sociolinguistic View Through Past and Present Be: Hazen, Kirk: 9780822364719: Book: Reference: eCampus.com

List of Figures

viii

List of Tables

Acknowledgments

Goals, Methodology, and Sociolinguistic Variation

Goals of the Study

(1)

A Variationist Perspective

(2)

The Relation between AAVE and Other Vernacular Varieties

(3)

Methodology

(11)

Sampling, Social Categories, and Speakers

(3)

Vernacularity, Interviews, and Styles

(5)

Recording

(1)

Quantification

(2)

Organization

(3)

Sociohistorical Context and Ethnic Boundaries

Introduction

(1)

Demographic Background

(3)

Haliwa-Saponi Tribe

(3)

Ethnic Group Identity

(5)

Group Status

(4)

Group Interaction

(10)

Cultural Aspects of Warren County

(4)

Conclusion

(5)

Past-Tense be

Introduction

(1)

History of Past-Tense be

(2)

Previous Studies of Past-Tense be

(3)

The Variable of Past-Tense be

(1)

Acoustic Analysis

(5)

Synchronic Analysis

(13)

The Positive Paradigm

(5)

The Negative Paradigm

(7)

Correlation with Sex

(1)

Wont as a Separate Variant

(6)

Wont as a Separate Sociolinguistic Variant

(1)

Wont as a Separate Linguistic Variant

(5)

Diachronic Analysis

(6)

The African American Community

(2)

The European American Community

(1)

The Native American Community

(2)

Conclusion

(4)

Copula Absence

Introduction

(1)

History of Present Tense be

(2)

Previous Studies of Copula Absence

(4)

Defining the Variable

102

(2)

Synchronic Analysis

104

(8)

Diachronic Analysis

112

(2)

Warren County AAVE and the Creole Continuum

114

(7)

Conclusion

121

(2)

Speaker Identity and Sociolinguistic Variation

Introduction

123

(4)

Cultural Identity

127

(8)

Individual Speakers and the Importance of Their Identity

135

(8)

African American Individuals

136

(3)

Native American Individuals

139

(2)

European American Individuals

141

(2)

Effects of Cultural Identity in the Interaction between Sex, Age, and the Sociolinguistic Variables

143

(5)

Cultural Identity and Sex

143

(2)

Cultural Identity and Age

145

(3)

Conclusion

148

(5)

Variation in Sociolinguistic Patterns

Profiles

153

(5)

The African American Community

155

(1)

The European American Community

156

(1)

The Native American Community

157

(1)

Ethnic Alignment and Levels of Stigmatized Variants

158

(3)

Divergence

161

(3)

Past

161

(1)

Present

162

(1)

Future

163

(1)

Suggestions for Future Research

164

(2)

Implications for Language Variation and Change

166

(1)

The Dynamic State of Ethnolinguistic Relations

166

(5)

References

171


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