Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels: Physiology and Functional Diversity: Fambrough; Benos: 9780121533472: Book: Science: eCampus.com

Sodium reabsorbing epithelia play a major role in whole-body sodium homeostasis. Some examples of sodium regulating tissues include kidney, colon, lung, and sweat ducts. Sodium transport across these membranes is a two-step process: entry through an amiloride-sensitive sodium channel and exit via the ouabain-sensitive sodium/potassium ATPase. The sodium entry channels are the rate-limiting determinant for transport and are regulated by several different hormones. The sodium channels also play a significant role in a number of disease states, like hypertension, edema, drug-induced hyperkalemia, and cystic fibrosis. Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels: Physiology and Functional Diversity provides the first in-depth exchange of ideas concerning these sodium channels, their regulation and involvement in normal and pathophysiological situations.

Key Features
* Summarizes current state of amiloride-sensitive sodium channel field
* Analyzes structure-function of epithelial sodium channels
* Discusses immunolocalization of epithelial sodium channels
* Examines hormonal regulation of sodium channels
* Discusses sodium channels in lymphocytes, kidney, and lung
* Considers mechanosensitivity of sodium channels
* Provides ideas on sodium channels and disease

Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham. Provides information concerning sodium channels, their regulation, and their involvement in normal and pathophysiological situations. For researchers. Hardcover, softcover also available.

Contributors

Preface

xix

Previous Volumes in Series

xxiii

PART I Structure--Function Relations of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels

Mapping Structure/Function Relations in αbENaC

C. M. Fuller

I. I. Ismailov

B. K. Berdiev

V. Gh. Shlyonsky

D. J. Benos

Introduction

(1)

Cloning and Expression of αbENaC

(4)

The C Terminus of αbENaC: A Kinetic Switch?

(7)

A Region in the Extracelular Loop Influences Gating, Ion Selectivity, and Amiloride Affinity

(5)

Summary

(5)

References

(4)

Membrane Topology, Subunit Composition, and Stoichiometry of the Epithelial Na+ Channel

Peter M. Snyder

Chun Cheng

Michael J. Welsh

Introduction

(1)

Topology of ENaC

(3)

Subunit Composition of hENaC

(1)

Stoichiometry of hENaC

(4)

Conclusion

(3)

References

(2)

Subunit Stoichiometry of Heterooligomeric and Homooligomeric Epithelial Sodium Channels

Farhad Kosari

Bakhram K. Berdiev

Jinqing Li

Shaohu Sheng

Iskander Ismailov

Thomas R. Kleyman

Introduction

(2)

Stoichiometry of Heterooligomeric αβγ Na+ Channels

(1)

α-Subunit Stoichiometry

(3)

β-Subunit and γ-Subunit Stoichiometry

(2)

Stoichiometry of Homooligomeric α-Subunit Na+ Channels

(7)

References

(3)

PART II Regulation of Sodium Channels

Cell-Specific Expression of ENaC and its Regulation by Aldosterone and Vasopressin in Kidney and Colon

N. Farman

S. Djelidi

M. Brouard

B. Escoubet

M. Blot-Chabaud

J. P. Bonvalet

Introduction

(1)

Cell-Specific Expression

(3)

Regulation of ENaC Expression by Aldosterone and Vasopressin

(10)

References

(4)

Regulation of ENaC by interacting Proteins and by Ubiquitination

Olivier Staub

Pamela Plant

Toru Ishikawa

Laurent Schild

Daniela Rotin

Introduction

(1)

Proline-Rich Regions in ENaC and Their Interacting Proteins

(3)

Nedd4: Its Domains and Mode of Interaction with ENaC

(2)

Regulation of ENaC Stability and Function by Ubiquitination

(8)

Role of the C2 Domain of Nedd4 in Ca2+-Dependent Membrane Targeting

(2)

Summary

(6)

References

(5)

Role of G Proteins in the Regulation of Apical Membrane Sodium Permeability by Aldosterone in Epithelia

Sarah Sariban-Sohraby

Introduction

(1)

Control of Basal Na+ Transport by G Proteins

(1)

GTP-Dependent Methylation of Membrane Proteins

(1)

Control of Basal Na+ Permeability by Methylation

(1)

Aldosterone-Dependent Methylation of Membrane Proteins

(1)

Aldosterone-Dependent Membrane GTPase Activity

(1)

The Effect of Pertussis Toxin on Membrane Na+ Transport and GTPase Activity

(1)

The Effect of Aldosterone on G-Protein Expression

(1)

Conclusion

(17)

References

(11)

The Role of Posttranslational Modifications of Proteins in the Cellular Mechanism of Action of Aldosterone

J. P. Johnson

J.-M. Wang

R. S. Edinger

References

103

(6)

Regulation of Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Channels in the Renal Collecting Duct

James A. Schafer

Li Li

Duo Sun

Ryan G. Morris

Teresa W. Wilborn

Introduction

109

(2)

Vasopressin Can Act as an Antinatriuretic as Well as an Antidiuretic Hormone

111

(3)

Autacoids That Limit the Actions of Aldosterone and Vasopression in the CCD

114

(8)

Trafficking and the Regulation of the Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Channel

122

(2)

A Challenge for Integrative Physiology---The Link between Na+ Retention and Hypertension

124

(9)

References

126

(7)

cAMP-Mediated Regulation of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels: Channel Activation or Channel Recruitment?

Peter R. Smith

Introduction

133

(2)

Evidence for cAMP-Mediated Activation of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels

135

(8)

Evidence for cAMP-Mediated Recruitment of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels

143

(5)

Perspectives

148

(7)

References

149

(6)

Human Lymphocyte Ionic Conductance

James K. Bubien

Introduction

155

(1)

Lymphocyte Potassium Channels and Cell Cycle Regulation

156

(2)

Cell-Cycle-Dependent Expression of Chloride Channels by Human Lymphocytes

158

(3)

CD20: A B-Lymphocyte-Specific Unique Calcium Conductor

161

(2)

Lymphocyte Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Conductance

163

(14)

References

175

(2)

Regulatory Aspects of Apx, a Novel Na+ Channel with Connections to the Cytoskeleton

Horacio F. Cantiello

Sodium Channels of A6 Epithelial Cells

177

(2)

Apx, an Actin-Regulated Sodium Channel

179

(6)

Sodium Transport in Proximal Tubular Cells

185

(5)

Conclusion and Perspective

190

(7)

References

192

(5)

PART III Sodium Channels in the Lung

Species-Specific Variations in ENaC Expression and Localization in Mammalian Respiratory Epithelium

Colleen R. Talbot

Introduction

197

(1)

Structure/Function of the Respiratory Tract

198

(3)

Regional ENaC Expression in the Respiratory Tract

201

(9)

Developmental Expression of ENaC in the Lung

210

(2)

Expression Patterns and ENaC Function

212

(7)

References

215

(4)

Inhibition of Vectorial Na+ Transport across Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Nitrogen-Oxygen Reactive Species

Sadis Matalon

Ahmed Lazrak

Michael D. DuVall

Introduction

219

(2)

Interaction of NO with Biological Targets: Signal Transducer and Pathophysiological Mediator

221

(3)

Modulation of Ion Transport across the Adult Alveolar Epithelium by Redox States of •NO

224

(6)

Inhibition of Na+ Transport across Freshly Isolated ATII Cells by Redox States of •NO

230

(3)

Does •No Modulate Alveolar Epithelial Fluid Transport in Vivo?

233

(1)

Conclusions

233

(6)

References

234

(5)

Induction of Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) Expression and Sodium Transport in Distal Lung Epithelia by Oxygen

Bijan Rafii

A. Keith Tanswell

Olli Pitkanen

Hugh O'Brodovich

Introduction

239

(2)

Physiologic Increase in Oxygen Augments Na+ Transport in FDLE

241

(1)

Oxygen Induction of Na+ Transport Is Mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species

242

(4)

Increase in ENaC mRNA Expression Is Associated with NF-kB Activation

246

(2)

Possible Sites of ROS Generation for Oxygen Induction of Na+ Transport in FDLE

248

(1)

Conclusion

249

(7)

References

250

(6)

Catecholamine Regulation of Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Transport in the Fetal Rat Alveolar Epithelium

Yoshinori Marunaka

Naomi Niisato

Introduction

256

(1)

Characteristics of Amiloride-Sensitive Na+-Permeable Channels

257

(6)

Catecholamine Action

263

(10)

Switching Mechanism of FDLE to the Absorptive from the Secretory Tissue by Catecholamine

273

(1)

Conclusion

274

(5)

References

276

(3)

Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels Contribute to Sodium Absorption in Lung: Role of Nonselective Cation Channels

Sandra Guggino

Nonselective Cation Channels in Epithelia

279

(3)

Analogues of Amiloride Block Multiple Types of Cation Channels

282

(2)

The Role of ENaC and Other Channels in Transepithelial Transport in Lung

284

(1)

Nucleotide-Gated Nonselective Cation Channels (αCNCI, αCNC2, αCNC3, βCNCab)

285

(2)

Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels in the Lung

287

(10)

References

290

(7)

PART IV Sensory and Mechanical Transduction

C. Elegans Members of the DEG/ENaC Channel Superfamily: Form and Function

Heather A. Thieringer

Sukhvinder Sahota

Itzhak Mano

Monica Driscoll

Introduction

297

(2)

C. elegans Proteins Related to ENaC Channels Define Two Subfamilies

299

(5)

C. elegans Degenerins Have Been Implicated in Mechanotransduction

304

(7)

Future Directions

311

(4)

References

312

(3)

Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels in Taste

Bernd Lindemann

Timothy A. Gilbertson

Sue C. Kinnamon

Introduction and Historical Background

315

(2)

The Frog Sodium Taste Channel

317

(2)

Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Channels in Rodent Tongue

319

(7)

ENaC Expression in the Lingual Epithelium (LE)

326

(1)

ENaC Expression in Taste Buds

327

(1)

Development and Plasticity of the Channel

328

(3)

Outlook

331

(8)

References

332

(7)

PART V Clinical Relevance

The Involvement of Amiloride-Sensitive Na+ Channels in Human Genetic Hypertension: Liddle's Syndrome

Dale J. Benos

Introduction

339

(3)

Molecular Mechanism of ENaC-Gated Function: Increased Surface Density or Increased Single-Channel Open Probability, or Both

342

(4)

Summary

346

(5)

References

346

(5)

Epithelial Sodium Channels in Cystic Fibrosis

Bakhrom K. Berdiev

Iskander I. Ismailov

Introduction

351

(1)

Na+ Hyperabsorption in CF

352

(2)

ENaCs and CFTR

354

(5)

CFTR-Induced Inhibition of ENaCs and Cell Regulatory Machinery

359

(8)

Alpha, Beta, or Gamma?

367

(3)

Mutations of CFTR Found in CF and Inhibition of αβγENaC

370

(2)

Concluding Remarks

372

(9)

References

372

(9)

Index

381


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