| Preface |
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xvii | |
| Prologue: Getting Ready for Prime Time |
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1 | (40) |
| Video Case: Hotjobs.com |
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41 | |
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PART 1 Business Trends: Cultivating a Business in Diverse, Global Environments |
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Managing within the Dynamic Business Environment: Taking Risks and Making Profits |
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2 | (32) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Meg Whitman from eBay |
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3 | (1) |
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Business and Entrepreneurship: Revenues, Profits, and Losses |
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4 | (5) |
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Matching Risk with Profit |
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4 | (1) |
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Businesses Add to the Standard of Living and Quality of Life |
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5 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: The Environment for Small Businesses |
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6 | (1) |
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Responding to the Various Business Stakeholders |
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6 | (1) |
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Using Business Principles in Nonprofit Organizations |
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7 | (2) |
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Entrepreneurship versus Working for Others |
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9 | (3) |
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Opportunities for Entrepreneurs |
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9 | (1) |
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The Importance of Entrepreneurs to the Creation of Wealth |
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10 | (2) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Freedom and Protective Laws Equal Prosperity |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (13) |
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The Economic and Legal Environment |
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12 | (2) |
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The Technological Environment |
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14 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Ethical Lapses Are Global |
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15 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Ethics Begin with You |
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16 | (3) |
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Dealing with Change: Adjusting to the E-Commerce Era |
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19 | |
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The Competitive Environment |
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18 | (3) |
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21 | (3) |
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24 | (1) |
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The Evolution of American Business |
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25 | (6) |
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Progress in the Agricultural and Manufacturing Industries |
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25 | |
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Progress in Service Industries |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Moving Up the Corporate Ladder www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Toying with Success: The McFarlane Companies |
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31 | (3) |
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How Economics Affects Business: The Creation and Distribution of Wealth |
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34 | (32) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Milton Hershey of Hershey's Chocolate |
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35 | (1) |
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How Economic Conditions Affect Businesses |
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36 | (4) |
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36 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Entrepreneurs in El Salvador and Brazil |
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37 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Some Good Macroeconomic News |
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38 | |
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Why Economics Was Known as ``the Dismal Science'' |
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37 | (2) |
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Growth Economics and Adam Smith |
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39 | (1) |
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How Businesses Benefit the Community |
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39 | (1) |
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Understanding Free-Market Capitalism |
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40 | (7) |
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The Foundations of Capitalism |
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41 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Starting a Small Business in the United States versus Elsewhere |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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How Prices Are Determined |
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43 | (1) |
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The Economic Concept of Supply |
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43 | (1) |
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The Economic Concept of Demand |
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43 | (1) |
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The Equilibrium Point or Market Price |
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44 | (1) |
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Competition within Free Markets |
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45 | (1) |
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Benefits and Limitations of the Free Markets |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (2) |
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The Benefits of Socialism |
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48 | (1) |
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The Negative Consequences of Socialism |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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The Trend toward Mixed Economies |
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49 | (3) |
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Dealing with Change: The Internet Integrates World Markets |
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52 | (1) |
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Understanding the Economic System of the United States |
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52 | (12) |
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53 | (2) |
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Productivity in the United States |
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55 | (1) |
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Productivity in the Service Sector |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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Stabilizing the Economy through Fiscal Policy |
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56 | (2) |
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Using Monetary Policy to Keep the Economy Growing |
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58 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Exploring the Tax Laws |
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59 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: The Rule of 72 www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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64 | (2) |
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Competing in Global Markets |
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66 | (34) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Li Yifei of MTV Networks-China |
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67 | (1) |
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The Dynamic Global Market |
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68 | (1) |
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Why Trade with Other Nations? |
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69 | (1) |
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The Theories of Comparative and Absolute Advantage |
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69 | (1) |
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Getting Involved in Global Trade |
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70 | (4) |
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Importing Goods and Services |
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70 | (1) |
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Exporting Goods and Services |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: McDonaldizing the World |
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73 | (1) |
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Trading in Global Markets: The U.S. Experience |
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74 | (1) |
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Strategies for Reaching Global Markets |
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75 | (6) |
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76 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Like Money in the Bank |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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International Joint Ventures and Strategic Alliances |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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Forces Affecting Trading in Global Markets |
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81 | (6) |
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81 | (2) |
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Economic and Financial Forces |
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83 | (2) |
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Legal and Regulatory Forces |
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85 | (1) |
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Physical and Environmental Forces |
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86 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Doing Bad by Trying to Do Good |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (5) |
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Legal Briefcase: When Is a Fish Not a Fish? |
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88 | (1) |
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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and the World Trade Organization |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (2) |
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The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) |
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92 | (1) |
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The Future of Global Trade: Global E-Commerce |
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92 | (6) |
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93 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Cooling Off the Sweatshops www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Six Billion Customers and Counting: IBM |
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98 | (2) |
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Demonstrating Ethical Behavior and Social Responsibility |
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100 | (40) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Dean Jernigan, CEO of Storage USA and Founder of the Memphis Redbirds |
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101 | (1) |
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Ethics Is More Than Legality |
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102 | (3) |
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Ethical Standards Are Fundamental |
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102 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Did Napster Catch the Music Industry Napping? |
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103 | (1) |
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Ethics Begins with Each of Us |
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104 | (1) |
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Managing Businesses Ethically and Responsibly |
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105 | (5) |
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Setting Corporate Ethical Standards |
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107 | (2) |
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Dealing with Change: Enron: From Ethics Poster Child to Wanted Poster |
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109 | (1) |
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Corporate Social Responsibility |
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110 | (7) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Myths about Small-Business Philanthropy |
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111 | (1) |
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Responsibility to Customers |
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111 | (1) |
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Responsibility to Investors |
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112 | (2) |
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Responsibility to Employees |
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114 | (1) |
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Responsibility to Society and the Environment |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (1) |
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International Ethics and Social Responsibility |
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117 | (6) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Ethical Culture Clash |
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119 | (4) |
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Casing the Web: Got a Deadline? Click Here www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Doing unto Others: Abbott Laboratories |
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123 | (1) |
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Appendix: Working within the Legal Environment of Business |
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124 | (16) |
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PART 2 Business Ownership: Starting a Small Business |
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Choosing a Form of Business Ownership |
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140 | (32) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Anne Beiler of Auntie Anne's Pretzels |
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141 | (1) |
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Basic Forms of Business Ownership |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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Advantages of Sole Proprietorships |
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143 | (1) |
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Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorships |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (3) |
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Disadvantages of Partnerships |
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145 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Testing the Limits of Limited Liability Partnerships |
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146 | (1) |
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Advantages of Partnerships |
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146 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Choose Your Partner |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (7) |
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Advantages of Corporations |
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149 | (2) |
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Disadvantages of Corporations |
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151 | (1) |
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Individuals Can Incorporate |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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Limited Liability Companies |
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153 | (2) |
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Corporate Expansion: Mergers and Acquisitions |
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155 | (2) |
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Dealing with Change: Falling Giants |
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156 | (1) |
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Special Forms of Ownership |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (7) |
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158 | (2) |
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Disadvantages of Franchises |
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160 | (1) |
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Legal Briefcase: Franchising Fraud |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (1) |
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E-Commerce in Franchising |
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163 | (1) |
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Using Technology in Franchising |
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164 | (1) |
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Franchising in International Markets |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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Which Form of Ownership Is for You? |
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166 | (4) |
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Casing the Web: Keeping the Air in Blimpie www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Making Profits with a Twist: Auntie Anne's Pretzels |
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170 | (2) |
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Entrepreneurship and Starting a Small Business |
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172 | (38) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Renee Amoore, Founder of The Amoore Group |
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173 | (1) |
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The Age of the Entrepreneur |
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174 | (1) |
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The Job-Creating Power of Entrepreneurs in the United States |
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174 | (1) |
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Why People Take the Entrepreneurial Challenge |
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175 | (8) |
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What Does It Take to Be an Entrepreneur? |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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Micropreneurs and Home-Based Businesses |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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Entrepreneurship within Firms |
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181 | (2) |
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Encouraging Entrepreneurship---What Government Can Do |
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183 | (1) |
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Getting Started in Small Business |
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183 | (4) |
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Small versus Big Business |
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184 | (1) |
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Importance of Small Business |
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184 | (1) |
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Small-Business Success and Failure |
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185 | (2) |
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Learning about Small-Business Operations |
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187 | (2) |
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187 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Making the Grade in Business |
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188 | |
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187 | (1) |
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Take Over a Successful Firm |
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187 | (2) |
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Managing a Small Business |
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189 | (8) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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Getting Money to Fund a Small Business |
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190 | (2) |
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The Small Business Administration |
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192 | (2) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (2) |
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Going International: Small-Business Prospects |
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197 | (4) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Sparkling Success in Cyberspace |
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198 | (3) |
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Casing the Web: BMOC: Starting a Small Business at School www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: It's in the Bag: Joe-To-Go |
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201 | (2) |
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Appendix: Entrepreneur Readiness Questionnaire |
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203 | (4) |
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207 | (3) |
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PART 3 Business Management: Empowering Employees to Satisfy Customers |
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Management, Leadership, and Employee Empowerment |
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210 | (28) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Oprah Winfrey: Businesswoman and TV Personality |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Managers' Roles Are Changing |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Planning: Creating a Vision Based on Values |
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214 | (5) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Taking a SWOT at the Competition |
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217 | (1) |
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Decision Making: Finding the Best Alternative |
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218 | (1) |
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Organizing: Creating a Unified System |
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219 | (6) |
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Tasks and Skills at Different Levels of Management |
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220 | (2) |
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The Trend toward Self-Managed Teams |
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222 | (1) |
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The Stakeholder-Oriented Organization |
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222 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Is Target on Target for the Future? |
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223 | (1) |
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Staffing: Getting and Keeping the Right People |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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Leading: Providing Continuous Vision and Values |
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225 | (6) |
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225 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Leading by Example |
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226 | (2) |
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Dealing with Change: John Chambers Uses Participative Management at Cisco |
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228 | (1) |
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228 | (2) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Strong as Steel |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Controlling: Making Sure It Works |
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231 | (6) |
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A New Criterion for Measurement: Customer Satisfaction |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (4) |
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Casing the Web: Leading in a Leaderless Company www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Leading America's Team: Delta Force |
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237 | (1) |
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Adapting Organizations to Today's Markets |
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238 | (28) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Carly Fiorina of Hewlett-Packard |
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239 | (1) |
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Building an Organization from the Bottom Up |
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240 | (5) |
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The Changing Organization |
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240 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Safety versus Profit |
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241 | (1) |
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The Historical Development of Organizational Design |
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241 | (2) |
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Turning Principles into Organizational Design |
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243 | (2) |
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Issues Involved in Structuring Organizations |
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245 | (6) |
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Centralization versus Decentralization of Authority |
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245 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: The Internet Makes the World Smaller |
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246 | (1) |
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Choosing the Appropriate Span of Control |
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246 | (1) |
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Tall versus Flat Organization Structures |
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247 | (1) |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Departmentalization |
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248 | (3) |
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251 | (4) |
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251 | (1) |
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Line-and-Staff Organizations |
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251 | (1) |
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Matrix-Style Organizations |
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252 | (2) |
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Cross-Functional Self-Managed Teams |
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254 | (1) |
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Managing the Interactions among Firms |
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255 | (2) |
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Benchmarking and Outsourcing |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (8) |
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Restructuring for Empowerment |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Creating a Change-Oriented Organizational Culture |
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259 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: All This and Ice Cream Too |
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260 | (1) |
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The Informal Organization |
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260 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: IBM Is Both an Outsource and a Major Outsource for Others www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: One Smooth Stone |
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265 | (1) |
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Producing World-Class Goods and Services |
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266 | (32) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Dain Hancock of Lockheed Martin |
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267 | (1) |
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America's Evolving Manufacturing and Services Base |
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268 | (2) |
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From Production to Operations Management |
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268 | (1) |
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Operations Management in Action |
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269 | (1) |
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Manufacturers Turn to a Customer Orientation and Services for Profit |
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270 | (1) |
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Operations Management Functions |
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270 | (9) |
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270 | (2) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Stay or Leave? |
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272 | (2) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Why Not Live in Hawaii and Do Business Globally? |
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274 | |
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273 | (2) |
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275 | (2) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Meeting the Six Sigma Standard |
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277 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Why Is Service Still So Bad? |
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278 | (1) |
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Operations Management in the Service Sector |
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279 | (2) |
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Measuring Quality in the Service Sector |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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Operations Management in the Manufacturing Sector |
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281 | (3) |
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282 | (1) |
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Materials Requirement Planning |
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283 | (1) |
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Modern Production Techniques |
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284 | (4) |
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Just-in-Time Inventory Control |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing |
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287 | (1) |
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Control Procedures: PERT and Gantt Charts |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Griffin Hospital www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Reality on Request: Digital Domain |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (3) |
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PART 4 Management of Human Resources: Motivating Employees to Produce Quality Goods and Services |
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Motivating Employees and Building Self-Managed Teams |
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298 | (30) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Herb Kelleher and Colleen Barrett of Southwest Airlines |
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299 | (1) |
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The Importance of Motivation |
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300 | (3) |
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Frederick Taylor: The Father of Scientific Management |
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300 | (1) |
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Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne Studies |
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301 | (1) |
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Legal Briefcase: Scientific Management Is Alive and Well at UPS |
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302 | (1) |
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Motivation and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
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303 | (2) |
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305 | (1) |
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Herzberg's Motivating Factors |
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305 | (2) |
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Applying Herzberg's Theories |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (2) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Motivating Employees in a Small Business |
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309 | (1) |
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McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y |
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309 | (2) |
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310 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (2) |
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Goal-Setting Theory and Management by Objectives |
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313 | (1) |
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Meeting Employee Expectations: Expectancy Theory |
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314 | (1) |
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Reinforcing Employee Performance: Reinforcement Theory |
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315 | (1) |
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Treating Employees Fairly: Equity Theory |
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315 | (1) |
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Building Teamwork through Open Communication |
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316 | (4) |
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Applying Open Communication in Self-Managed Teams |
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317 | (2) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Motivating Temporary Employees |
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|
319 | |
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Models of Employee Empowerment |
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318 | (2) |
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320 | (6) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Global Teamwork |
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321 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Making Teams Work in a Changing Market www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Working for the Best: The Container Store |
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326 | (2) |
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Human Resource Management: Finding and Keeping the Best Employees |
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328 | (34) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Karen Oman of Certes Financial Pros |
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329 | (1) |
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Working with People Is Just the Beginning |
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330 | (3) |
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Developing the Ultimate Resource |
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330 | (1) |
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The Human Resource Challenge |
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331 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Who Will Replace the Graying Workers? |
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332 | (1) |
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Determining Your Human Resource Needs |
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333 | (1) |
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Recruiting Employees from a Diverse Population |
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334 | (4) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Competing for Qualified Workers |
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335 | (3) |
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Selecting Employees Who Will Be Productive |
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338 | (1) |
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Hiring Contingent Workers |
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337 | (1) |
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Training and Developing Employees for Optimum Performance |
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338 | (4) |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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Diversity in Management Development |
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342 | (1) |
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Appraising Employee Performance to Get Optimum Results |
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342 | (2) |
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Compensating Employees: Attracting and Keeping the Best |
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344 | (4) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (2) |
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346 | (2) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Managing a Global Workforce |
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348 | (1) |
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Scheduling Employees to Meet Organizational and Employee Needs |
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348 | (3) |
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348 | (1) |
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Home-Based and Other Mobile Work |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (1) |
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Moving Employees Up, Over, and Out |
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351 | (2) |
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Promoting and Reassigning Employees |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (1) |
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Laws Affecting Human Resource Management |
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353 | (8) |
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Legal Briefcase: Government Legislation |
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354 | (1) |
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Laws Protecting the Disabled and Older Employees |
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355 | (1) |
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356 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Dual-Career Planning www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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361 | (1) |
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Dealing with Employee--Management Issues and Relationships |
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362 | (34) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Paul Tagliabue, Commissioner of the National Football League |
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362 | (2) |
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Employee--Management Issues |
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364 | (1) |
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Labor Unions from Different Perspectives |
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365 | (1) |
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The Early History of Organized Labor |
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365 | (1) |
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Labor Legislation and Collective Bargaining |
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366 | (7) |
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Objectives of Organized Labor |
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368 | (2) |
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Resolving Labor-Management Disagreements |
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370 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: The Euro Strikes Out with the Unions |
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371 | (1) |
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Mediation and Arbitration |
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372 | (1) |
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Tactics Used in Labor-Management Conflicts |
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373 | (6) |
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373 | (2) |
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Dealing with Change: Sitting on the Docks |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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The Future of Unions and Labor-Management Relations |
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376 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Crossing the Line or Double Crossing |
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377 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: The ER Meets the Teamsters |
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378 | (1) |
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Controversial Employee--Management Issues |
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379 | (12) |
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379 | (2) |
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Legal Briefcase: Getting the Golden Boot |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (2) |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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AIDS Testing, Drug Testing, and Violence in the Workplace |
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386 | (1) |
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Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) |
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387 | (4) |
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Casing the Web: Do Right-to-Work Laws Help States? www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: LUV in the Workplace: Southwest Airlines |
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391 | (2) |
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393 | (3) |
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PART 5 Marketing: Developing and Implementing Customer-Oriented Marketing Plans |
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Marketing: Building Customer and Stakeholder Relationships |
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396 | (32) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Marco Sorani of SSB Technologies |
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397 | (1) |
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398 | (2) |
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The Evolution of Marketing |
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398 | (2) |
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Nonprofit Organizations Prosper from Marketing |
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400 | (1) |
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400 | (5) |
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Dealing with Change: Applying the Four Ps |
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401 | (1) |
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Applying the Marketing Process |
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402 | (1) |
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Designing a Product to Meet Needs |
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402 | (1) |
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Setting an Appropriate Price |
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403 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Problems and Solutions |
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404 | (1) |
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Getting the Product to the Right Place |
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404 | (1) |
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Developing an Effective Promotional Strategy |
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404 | (1) |
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Providing Marketers with Information |
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405 | (6) |
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The Marketing Research Process |
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406 | (2) |
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The Marketing Environment |
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408 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: No Kidding |
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408 | (3) |
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Two Different Markets: Consumer and Business-to-Business (B2B) |
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411 | (1) |
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411 | (7) |
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Segmenting the Consumer Market |
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412 | (1) |
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Reaching Smaller Market Segments |
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412 | (1) |
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Moving toward Relationship Marketing |
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413 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Finding New Market Opportunities |
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|
414 | (1) |
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Spotlight on Small Business: Relationship Marketing of Bicycles |
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415 | (1) |
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Forming Communities of Buyers |
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415 | (1) |
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The Consumer Decision-Making Process |
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416 | (2) |
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The Business-to-Business Market |
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418 | (1) |
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Updating the Marketing Concept |
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419 | (2) |
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From Providing Customer Satisfaction to Exceeding Expectations |
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420 | (1) |
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Benchmarking and Uniting Organizations |
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420 | (1) |
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Maintaining a Profit Orientation |
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420 | (1) |
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Establishing Relationships with All Stakeholders |
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421 | (6) |
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Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Goes High Tech |
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421 | (1) |
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Your Prospects in Marketing |
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422 | (5) |
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Casing the Web: Customer-Oriented Marketing Concepts at Thermos www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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Video Case: Racing to Market |
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427 | (1) |
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Developing and Pricing Products and Services |
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428 | (30) |
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Profile: Getting to Know Alan G. Lafley of Procter & Gamble |
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429 | (1) |
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Product Development and the Total Product Offer |
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430 | (4) |
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Developing a Total Product Offer |
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431 | (1) |
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Product Lines and the Product Mix |
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432 | (1) |
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Dealing with Change: Using the Web to Provide More Information |
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433 | (1) |
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434 | (3) |
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Marketing Different Classes of Consumer Goods and Services |
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434 | (1) |
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Marketing Industrial Goods and Services |
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435 | (2) |
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Packaging Changes the Product |
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437 | (1) |
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The Growing Importance of Packaging |
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437 | (1) |
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Branding and Brand Equity |
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438 | (3) |
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438 | (1) |
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Generating Brand Equity and Loyalty |
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439 | (1) |
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Creating Brand Associations |
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440 | (1) |
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Making Ethical Decisions: Are We Too Star Struck? |
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440 | (1) |
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440 | (1) |
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The New-Product Development Process |
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|
441 | (2) |
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Generating New-Product Ideas |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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Product Development and Testing |
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442 | (1) |
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442 | (1) |
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The International Challenge |
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442 | (1) |
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Reaching Beyond Our Borders: Designing Products for the Poor |
|
|
443 | (1) |
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443 | (3) |
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Example of the Product Life Cycle |
|
|
444 | (1) |
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The Importance of the Product Life Cycle |
|
|
444 | (2) |
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446 | (5) |
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|
446 | (1) |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (1) |
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Competition-Based Pricing |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Pricing in the Service Sector |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Spotlight on Small Business: Going from Low-End to Upscale Restaurants |
|
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449 | (1) |
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449 | (1) |
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450 | (1) |
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How Market Forces Affect Pricing |
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451 | (1) |
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451 | (6) |
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451 | (6) |
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Casing the Web: Everyday Low Pricing www.mhhe.com/ub7e |
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|
|
Video Case: Search for Youth: CBS and CNN |
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
Distributing Products Quickly and Efficiently |
|
|
458 | (30) |
|
Profile: Getting to Know Gus Pagonis of Sears |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
The Emergence of Marketing Intermediaries |
|
|
460 | (3) |
|
Why Marketing Needs Intermediaries |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
How Intermediaries Create Exchange Efficiency |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
The Value versus the Cost of Intermediaries |
|
|
461 | (2) |
|
The Utilities Created by Intermediaries |
|
|
463 | (3) |
|
|
|
463 | (1) |
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|
464 | (1) |
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|
464 | (1) |
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|
464 | (1) |
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|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Making Ethical Decisions: Look One Place, Buy Another |
|
|
465 | (1) |
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|
465 | (1) |
|
Dealing with Change: How Technology Helped Change the Way | |
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