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Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, & Management,9780323016315
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Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, & Management


Edition: 2nd
Author(s): Cherry, Barbara; Jacob, Susan R.
ISBN10:  0323016316
ISBN13:  9780323016315
Format:  Paperback
Pub. Date:  12/1/2001
Publisher(s): Elsevier Science Health Science div

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SummaryTable of Contents
Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock. Undergraduate textbook offering self-improvement and career-building skills. This edition includes new content on health policy and evidence-based practice; three new chapters on theories of nursing practice, workplace advocacy and issues, and alternative nursing; and MERLIN web links. Previous edition: c1999. Softcover.
Unit One THE DEVELOPMENT OF NURSING
The Evolution of Professional Nursing
1(25)
Shiphrah A. Alicia Williams-Evans
M. Elizabeth Carnegie
Chapter Overview
3(1)
Prehistoric Period
3(1)
Early Civilization
3(5)
Egypt
3(4)
Palestine
7(1)
Greece
7(1)
India
7(1)
China
7(1)
Rome
8(1)
The Middle Ages
8(1)
The Renaissance Period
9(1)
The Colonial American Period
9(1)
Florence Nightingale
9(2)
Mary Seacole
11(1)
Nursing in the United States
12(1)
The Civil War Period
12(11)
1900 to World War I
13(1)
World War I and the 1920s
14(2)
The Great Depression (1930 to 1940)
16(1)
World War II (1940 to 1945)
16(1)
Post World War II Period (1945 to 1950)
17(1)
Nursing in the 1960s
18(1)
Nursing in the 1970s
19(1)
Nursing in the 1980s
20(1)
Nursing in the 1990s
21(2)
Nursing in the Twenty-First Century
23(1)
Summary
23(3)
The Contemporary Image of Professional Nursing
26(24)
Toni Bargagliotti
Chapter Overview
27(1)
Images of Nursing
27(1)
The Nursing Shortage
28(1)
Nursing in Art, Literature, and Architecture
29(5)
Antiquity Image of Nursing
29(1)
Victorian Image of Nursing
29(1)
Early Twentieth-Century Nursing
30(1)
The 1930s--Nursing As Angel of Mercy
30(1)
The 1940s--Nurse As Heroine
31(1)
Nursing in the Anti-Establishment Era of the 1960s
31(1)
Nursing in the Sexual Revolution of the 1970s
32(1)
Nursing in the 1980s to 1990s
32(1)
The Image of Men
33(1)
Imagemakers of Nurses
34(1)
Nurses of America Campaign
34(1)
The Enduring Public Concern With Nursing
35(2)
What the Public Believes About Nursing
36(1)
What Nurses Believe About Nursing
36(1)
The Reality of the Contemporary Staff Nurse
37(1)
Clash Between Beliefs and Reality
37(1)
Why Is This Happening?
38(4)
Numbers--the Only Language in a Business Model
39(1)
Nursing's Contribution
39(1)
Changing Physicians' Image of Nursing
40(1)
Effect of Communication Patterns on Image
41(1)
The Look of Nursing
42(1)
And the Public Says ...
42(1)
Believe in Nursing
42(4)
Valuing Nursing
42(1)
Reclaiming the Name of Nurse
43(1)
Reclaiming Personal Identity
43(1)
Reclaiming the Birthright
44(1)
Changing the Song
44(1)
On a More Positive Note
44(1)
Valuing the Future of the Profession
45(1)
Creating a New Image
46(4)
Theories of Nursing Practice
50(15)
Margaret Soderstrom
Linda C. Pugh
Chapter Overview
51(1)
Science and Theory
52(4)
Nursing Science
53(1)
Theories, Models, and Frameworks
54(1)
Nursing Theory
54(1)
Schematic Models
55(1)
Levels of Theory
56(1)
Florence Nightingale: the First Nursing Theorist
56(2)
Nightingale's Theory of Practice
57(1)
Survey of Selected Nursing Theories
58(4)
Dorothea Orem (1971): Self-Care Deficit Model: Self-Care, Self-Care Deficits, and Nursing Systems
60(1)
Hildegard E. Peplau (1972): Interpersonal Relations As a Nursing Process: Man As an Organism That Exists in an Unstable Equilibrium
60(1)
Martha E. Rogers (1970): Science of Unitary Human Beings: Humans As Energy Fields That Interact Constantly With the Environment
61(1)
Sister Calista Roy (1974) Adaptation Model: Assistance With the Adaptation to Stressors To Facilitate the Integration Process of the Client
61(1)
Jean Watson (1978): Model of Human Caring: Transpersonal Caring As the Fulcrum: Philosophy and Science As the Core of Nursing
62(1)
Future of Nursing Theories and Theorists
62(1)
Summary
63(2)
The Influence of Contemporary Trends and Issues on Nursing Education
65(30)
Carrie B. Lenburg
Chapter Overview
67(1)
Trends and Issues in Contemporary Nursing Education
67(16)
Knowledge Expansion and Use of Technology and the Internet
72(1)
Practice-Based Competency Outcomes
72(5)
Performance-Based Learning and Assessment Methods
77(1)
Sociodemographic, Cultural Diversity, and Economic and Political Changes
77(2)
Community-Focused Interdisciplinary Approaches
79(1)
Consumer-Oriented Society
80(1)
Ethics and Bioethical Concerns
81(1)
Increasing Shortage of Nurses, Students, and Faculty
81(1)
Increasing Professional and Personal Responsibilities
82(1)
Diversity, Flexibility, Mobility, and Delivery of Education Programs
83(5)
Licensed Practical Nurse Programs
83(2)
Hospital Diploma Programs
85(1)
Associate Degree Programs
85(1)
Baccalaureate Degree Nursing Programs
86(1)
Master's Degree Nursing Programs
87(1)
Doctoral Programs
88(1)
Approval and Accreditation of Nursing Programs
88(1)
Flexible Education, Mobility, and Distance Learning Programs
88(3)
Summary
91(4)
Nursing Licensure and Certification
95(16)
Janet C. Scherubel
Chapter Overview
97(1)
The History of Nursing Licensure
97(2)
Recognition: Pins and Registries
97(1)
Purpose of Licensure
98(1)
Early Licensure Activities
98(1)
Mandatory Licensure
99(1)
Components of Nursing Practice Acts
99(2)
Purpose of Act
99(1)
Definition of Nursing
100(1)
Licensure Requirements
100(1)
Renewal of Licensure
101(1)
Mandatory Continuing Education
101(1)
Role of Regulatory Boards To Ensure Safe Practice
101(1)
Membership of the Board of Nursing
101(1)
Duties of the Board of Nursing
101(1)
Special Cases of Licensure
102(1)
Military and Government Nurses
102(1)
Foreign Nurse Graduates
102(1)
International Practice
102(1)
Revision of Nursing Practice Acts
102(1)
Sunset Legislation
103(1)
Delegation of Authority to Others
103(1)
Current Licensure Activities
103(3)
Mutual Recognition Model
103(1)
Continued Competency
104(2)
Certification
106(2)
Purpose of Certification
106(1)
Steps to Certification
107(1)
Summary
108(3)
Unit Two CURRENT ISSUES IN HEALTH CARE
Financing Health Care and Economic Issues
111(22)
Marylane Wade Koch
Chapter Overview
112(1)
History of Health Care Financing
113(5)
Health Care Financing Revolution
114(1)
Managed Care
115(1)
Inflation and Cost Containment
116(1)
Access Issues
117(1)
Allocation of Health Care Resources
118(1)
Health Resources
118(1)
Resource Allocation Questions
118(1)
Market Allocation Issues
119(3)
Regulated Market System
119(1)
Competition
120(1)
Production Functions
120(1)
Cost Functions
121(1)
Job Growth and the Health Care Industry
122(1)
Sources of Health Care Financing
122(2)
Household Out-of-Pocket Payments
122(1)
Private Insurance
123(1)
Tax Subsidies of Private Payments
123(1)
Public Insurance
123(1)
Impacts of Payment Modes
124(1)
Implications for Nursing: Managing Care
124(5)
Efficiency and Effectiveness of Care
125(2)
Population Diversity and Aging
127(1)
Expansion of Technology
127(1)
Consumer Empowerment
128(1)
Summary
129(4)
The Health Care Delivery System and Managed Care
133(19)
Phyllis Skorga
Chapter Overview
135(2)
Continuum of Care
137(3)
Primary Care
137(2)
Acute Care
139(1)
Postacte Care
139(1)
Managed Health Care
140(6)
Definition of Managed Health Care
141(1)
Types of Managed Care Organizations
141(1)
Health Maintenance Organizations
142(1)
Preferred Provider Organizations
143(1)
Point-of-Service Plan
143(1)
Managed Care Processes
144(1)
Trends in Managed Care
145(1)
External Oversight: Accreditation of the Managed Care Organization
146(2)
National Committee for Quality Assurance
146(1)
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
147(1)
American Accreditation Healthcare Commission/Utilization Review Accreditation Commission
147(1)
Nursing's Contribution to Health Care Delivery
148(2)
Nursing Roles in Managed Care Settings
149(1)
Summary
150(2)
Legal Issues in Nursing and Health Care
152(46)
Laura R. Mahlmeister
Chapter Overview
154(1)
Sources of Law and Nursing Practice
155(1)
Statutory Law
155(9)
Federal Statutes
156(1)
State Statutes
157(5)
Reporting Statutes
162(1)
Institutional Licensing Laws
163(1)
Common Law
164(1)
Finding Nursing Case Law
165(1)
Civil Law
165(10)
Negligence and Malpractice
166(6)
Basic Phases of a Malpractice Case
172(1)
Statutes of Limitation in Malpractice Cases
173(1)
Nursing Malpractice Insurance
174(1)
Liability
175(8)
Personal Liability
175(1)
Personal Liability With Floating and Cross-Training
176(2)
Personal Liability for Team Leaders and Managers
178(2)
Personal Liability in Delegation and Supervision of Team Members
180(1)
Employer Liability
181(1)
Defenses Against Claims of Vicarious Liability
182(1)
Corporate Liability
182(1)
Reducing Legal Liability
183(2)
Risk Management Systems
183(1)
Incident Reports
184(1)
Intentional Torts in Nursing Practice
185(3)
Assault and Battery
186(1)
Defamation of Character
187(1)
False Imprisonment
187(1)
Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress
187(1)
Invasion of Privacy
187(1)
The Nurse and Criminal Law
188(1)
The Law and Patient Rights
189(4)
Advance Directives
189(1)
Informed Consent
190(1)
The Right To Refuse Treatment
191(1)
The Use of Physical Restraints
192(1)
Summary
193(5)
Ethical and Bioethical Issues in Nursing and Health Care
198(21)
Carla D. Sanderson
Chapter Overview
199(1)
Nursing Ethics
200(2)
Bioethics
202(1)
Dilemmas for Health Professionals
202(1)
Dilemmas Created by Technology
202(1)
Ethical Decision Making
202(1)
Answering Difficult Questions
203(1)
Balancing Science and Morality
203(1)
Values Formation and Moral Development
203(3)
Examining Value Systems
204(1)
Learning Right and Wrong
204(1)
Understanding Moral Development Theory
205(1)
Moving Toward Moral Maturity
205(1)
Ethical Theory
206(1)
Utilitarianism
207(1)
Deontology
207(1)
Ethical Principles
207(2)
Autonomy
207(1)
Beneficence, Nonmaleficence
208(1)
Veracity
208(1)
Ethical Decision-Making Model
209(2)
Situation Assessment Procedure
209(1)
Usefulness and Application of the Situation Assessment Procedure
210(1)
Bioethical Dilemmas: Life, Death, and Dilemmas In-Between
211(2)
Life
211(1)
Death
212(1)
Dilemmas In-Between
212(1)
Ethical Challenges
213(2)
The Challenge of Veracity
213(1)
The Challenge of Paternalism
214(1)
The Challenge of Autonomy
214(1)
The Challenge of Accountability
215(1)
Summary
215(4)
Health Policy and Politics
219(19)
Virginia Trotter Betts
Barbara Cherry
Chapter Overview
221(1)
Nurses' Involvement in Health Policy and Political Action
221(2)
Getting Involved Through the Nursing Process
221(2)
Health Policy: What Is It?
223(2)
Health Policy at the Local, State, and Federal Level
223(2)
Health Policy: How Is It Developed?
225(3)
Legislation and Health Policy Development
225(1)
Steps in the Legislative Process
226(2)
Regulation and Health Policy Development
228(1)
Politics: What Is the Connection With Health Policy?
228(1)
Grassroots Political Strategies
229(6)
Registering To Vote and Voting in All Elections
229(1)
Joining a Professional Nursing Organization
229(1)
Working in Political Candidates' Campaigns
230(1)
``Meet the Candidates'' Town Hall Meeting
230(1)
Visiting With Policy Makers and Their Staff Members
231(1)
Writing Letters
232(1)
Sending E-Mail
232(1)
Telephoning
233(1)
Testifying at Hearings
234(1)
The American Nurses Association
235(1)
Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT)
235(1)
Current Health Policy Issues
235(1)
Access to Care
236(1)
Prescription Drug Coverage for Medicare Beneficiaries
236(1)
Health Care Workforce and the Nursing Shortage
236(1)
Summary
236(2)
Cultural Competency and Social Issues in Nursing and Health Care
238(25)
Susan R. Jacob
M. Elizabeth Carnegie
Chapter Overview
239(1)
Population Trends
240(1)
Federally Defined Minority Groups
240(1)
Marginalized Populations
240(1)
Economic and Social Changes
241(1)
Poverty
241(1)
Violence
242(1)
Attitudes Toward Culturally Diverse Groups
242(1)
Diversity in the Health Care Workforce
243(5)
Need for Diversity in the Health Care Workforce
243(1)
Current Status of Diversity in the Health Care Workforce
244(1)
Recruitment and Retention of Minorities in Nursing
244(3)
Strategies for Recruitment and Retention of Minorities in the Health Care Workforce
247(1)
Cultural Competence
248(1)
Principles for Culturally Competent Care
248(1)
Cultural Competence in Nursing Education
249(1)
Cultural Belief Systems
249(1)
Cultural Phenomena
250(3)
Environmental Control
250(1)
Biologic Variations
250(1)
Social Organization
251(1)
Communication
251(1)
Space
252(1)
Time
252(1)
Practice Issues Related To Cultural Competence
253(3)
Health Information and Education
253(1)
Education and Certification
253(2)
International Marketplace
255(1)
Nursing Literature
255(1)
Responsibility of Health Care Facilities for Cultural Care
255(1)
Cultural Assessment
256(4)
Cultural Self-Assessment
256(1)
Cultural Client Assessment
257(1)
Cultural Client Nutrition Assessment
258(1)
Cultural Beliefs About Sickness and Cures
258(2)
Summary
260(3)
Workplace Advocacy and Workplace Issues
263(27)
Alexia Green
Clair B. Jordan
Chapter Overview
264(1)
Workplace Advocay
265(2)
An Overview of Workplace Issues
267(1)
Nursing Shortage
267(6)
Health Care Is No Longer a Favored Employer
268(1)
Decline in Nursing School Enrollments and Recruitment
268(1)
Education
269(1)
Faculty Shortage
270(1)
Retention
270(1)
Aging Workforce and Retention
271(1)
Foreign Nurse Recruitment
272(1)
Compensation
272(1)
Work Environment
273(1)
Appropriate Staffing and Mandatory Overtime
273(7)
Appropriate Staffing
274(1)
Floating/Mandatory Overtime
274(1)
Advocating for Safe Staffing
274(4)
Shared Governance As a Method of Advocating for Excellence in Nursing Practice
278(2)
Patient Advocacy/Safety
280(3)
Errors in Health Care
280(1)
Whistle-Blower Protection
281(1)
Nursing Quality Indicators
282(1)
Workplace Safety
283(4)
Needlesticks
283(1)
Ergonomic Injuries
284(1)
Workplace Violence
285(2)
Advocating for a Safer Workplace
287(1)
Summary
287(3)
Collective Bargaining
290(16)
Corinne Grimes
Chapter Overview
292(1)
Development of Collective Bargaining in America
292(2)
Early Activities
292(1)
Federal Legislation
292(1)
Current Status
293(1)
The Collective Bargaining Process
294(3)
The Preformal Period in Union Organizing
294(2)
The Election Process
296(1)
Postelection
296(1)
Corporate America and Industrial Relations Studies
297(2)
Economic Consequences of Collective Bargaining
298(1)
High-Performance Work Organizations and Collective Bargaining
298(1)
Power Sharing in the Boardroom
299(1)
Unions and Professional Nursing
299(4)
Professionalism vs. Unionization
299(1)
Trends Toward Collective Bargaining
300(1)
Questions To Answer
301(2)
The American Nurses Association
303(3)
A Final Word About the Future
304(2)
Computers, Informatics, Clinical Information, and the Professional Nurse
306(26)
Leslie H. Nicoll
Nursing Informatics
307(7)
What Is Nursing Informatics?
308(1)
The Specialty of Nursing Informatics
308(6)
Clinical Information
314(4)
Clinical Information Systems
314(1)
Computerized Patient Records
315(3)
Interface Between the Informatics Nurse and the Clinical Information System
318(1)
Trends in Computing: Past, Present, and Future
318(12)
The Past and Future
319(1)
The Present: PCs and the Internet
320(2)
Online Activities: Communicating With Others
322(3)
Online Activities: Finding Information
325(3)
Evaluating Information Found on the Internet
328(2)
Summary
330(2)
Alternative Healing
332(19)
Charlotte Eliopoulos
Chapter Overview
333(1)
Use of Alternative Healing Methods
333(1)
Principles Underlying Alternative Healing
334(12)
Overview of Popular Alternative Healing Therapies
335(1)
Acupuncture
336(1)
Ayurveda
337(1)
Biofeedback
337(3)
Chiropractic Medicine
340(1)
Dietary Supplements
340(1)
Herbs
340(2)
Homeopathy
342(1)
Hypnotherapy
343(1)
Imagery
343(1)
Magnet Therapy
343(1)
Massage, Bodywork, and Touch Therapies
343(2)
Meditation and Progressive Relaxation
345(1)
Naturopathy
345(1)
Prayer and Faith
346(1)
Tai Chi
346(1)
Yoga
346(1)
Nursing and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies
346(4)
A Holistic Approach
346(1)
Facilitating Clients' Use of Complimentary and Alternative Medicine
347(1)
Integrating Complementary and Alternative Medicine Into Conventional Settings
348(1)
Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine Competently
349(1)
Legal Considerations
349(1)
Summary
350(1)
Unit Three LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT IN NURSING
Nursing Leadership and Management
351(33)
Barbara Cherry
Chapter Overview
353(1)
Leadership and Management Defined and Distinguished
354(2)
Leadership Defined
354(1)
Management Defined
354(1)
Leadership vs. Management
354(1)
Power and Authority
354(1)
Formal and Informal Leadership
355(1)
Leadership and Management Theory
356(5)
Leadership Trait Theory
356(1)
Interactional Leadership Theories
357(1)
Transformational Leadership
357(1)
Management Theory
358(1)
Organizational Theory
359(2)
Management Functions
361(8)
Planning
362(2)
Organizing
364(1)
Staffing
365(1)
Directing
366(1)
Controlling
367(2)
Roles of the Nurse Manager
369(9)
Customer Service Provider
369(1)
Team Builder
370(1)
Resource Manager
371(3)
Decision Maker and Problem Solver
374(2)
Change Agent
376(2)
Other Roles
378(1)
Creating a Caring Environment
378(1)
Leadership and Management Skills and Behaviors
379(1)
Summary
379(5)
Effective Communication
384(27)
Anna Sallee
Chapter Overview
385(1)
History
386(1)
Components of Communication
386(3)
Interpretation
387(1)
Filtration
388(1)
Feedback
389(1)
Verbal vs. Nonverbal Communication
389(2)
Verbal Communication
389(1)
Nonverbal Communication
390(1)
Logical Fallacies
391(2)
Ad Hominem Abusive
391(1)
Appeal to Common Practice
391(1)
Appeal to Emotion
391(1)
Appeal to Tradition
391(1)
Confusing Cause and Effect
392(1)
Hasty Generalization
392(1)
Red Herring
392(1)
Slippery Slope
392(1)
Straw Man
393(1)
Positive Communication Techniques
393(2)
Trust
393(1)
``I Messages''
393(1)
Eye Contact
394(1)
Promise Keeping
394(1)
Empathy
394(1)
Open Communication Style
395(1)
Clarification
395(1)
Body Language
395(1)
Touch
395(1)
Negative Communication Techniques
395(2)
Blocking
396(1)
False Assurances
397(1)
Conflicting Messages
397(1)
Listening
397(1)
Written Communication
398(4)
Accuracy
399(1)
Attention to Detail
399(1)
Thoroughness
400(1)
Conciseness
401(1)
Electronic Communication
402(1)
Communication Styles
402(6)
Communication and Gender Differences
402(3)
Cultural Diversity
405(1)
Assertiveness vs. Aggressiveness
406(1)
The Transdisciplinary Team
406(1)
Confidentiality and Privacy
407(1)
Delegation
407(1)
Dealing With Verbal Conflict
408(1)
Professional Nursing Image
408(1)
Summary
409(2)
Effective Delegation and Supervision
411(20)
Barbara Cherry
Margaret Elizabeth Strong
Chapter Overview
413(1)
Delegation and Supervision in the Health Care System
413(1)
What Is Delegation?
414(1)
What Should and Should Not Be Delegated?
415(5)
State Nursing Practice Acts
415(1)
Patient Needs
416(2)
Job Descriptions and Competencies
418(1)
Organizational Policies and Procedures
418(1)
Clinical Situation
418(1)
Professional Standards of Nursing Practice
419(1)
Developing Safe Delegation Practice
420(3)
Establish a Foundation of Knowledge As a Basis for Decisions
421(1)
Know the Patient
421(1)
Know the Staff Member
421(1)
Know the Task(s) To Be Delegated
421(1)
Explain the Task and Expected Outcomes
421(1)
Expect Responsible Action From the Delegatee
422(1)
Assess and Supervise Job Performance
422(1)
Provide for the Achievement of Outcomes and Effective Performance
422(1)
Evaluate and Follow-Up
422(1)
High-Risk Delegation
422(1)
Delegation and the Nursing Process
423(1)
Supervision
423(2)
Assigning vs. Delegating
425(2)
Assignment Considerations
425(1)
Working With Transdisciplinary Health Care Team Members
425(2)
Building Delegation and Supervision Skills
427(1)
Communicate Effectively
427(1)
Create an Environment of Trust and Cooperation
427(1)
Create an Environment of Teaching and Learning
427(1)
Promote Patient Satisfaction
428(1)
Provide Feedback and Follow-Up Evaluation
428(1)
Summary
428(3)
Staffing and Nursing Care Delivery Models
431(22)
Barbara Cherry
Chapter Overview
432(1)
Staffing
433(3)
Staffing and patient Needs
433(1)
Staffing and Staff Satisfaction
434(1)
Staffing and Organizational Needs
434(2)
Nursing Care Delivery Models
436(7)
Total Patient Care
436(1)
Functional Nursing
437(1)
Team Nursing
438(1)
Modular Nursing
439(1)
Primary Nursing
440(1)
Partnership Model
441(1)
Patient-Centered Care
441(2)
Case Management
443(6)
Evolution of Case Management
443(1)
Definition of Case Management
443(1)
Components of Case Management
444(2)
Case Management and Other Nursing Care Delivery Models
446(1)
Case Management As a Nursing Society
446(3)
Clinical Pathways
449(1)
Clinical Pathway Terminology
449(1)
Clinical Pathway Components
449(1)
Clinical Pathway Goals
450(1)
Development of Clinical Pathways
450(1)
Choosing a Nursing Care Delivery Model
450(1)
Summary
451(2)
Nursing's Role in Improving the Quality of Health Care
453(22)
Kathleen M. Werner
Chapter Overview
456(1)
Quality Management Priniciples
456(3)
Quality
458(1)
Scientific Approach
458(1)
``All One Team''
458(1)
Quality Management in Health Care and the Role of Regulatory Agencies
459(6)
From Quality Assurance to Quality Management
459(1)
Regulatory Agencies
460(1)
Clinical Indicators and Process Improvement Tools and Skills
461(1)
Flowcharts
462(1)
Pareto Chart
463(1)
Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
464(1)
Run Charts
465(1)
Understanding, Improving, and Standardizing Care Processes
465(6)
Clinical Guidelines or Critical Pathways
466(1)
Clinical Protocols or Algorithms
466(1)
Case Management
466(2)
Breakthrough Thinking
468(1)
Process Improvement and Patient Safety
469(1)
Role of Regulatory Agencies and Patient Safety
470(1)
The Professional Nurse and Patient Safety
470(1)
Role of Professional Nursing in Process Improvement
471(3)
Summary
474(1)
Nursing Research
475(22)
Jill J. Webb
Chapter Overview
477(1)
Definition of Nursing Research
477(1)
Evolution of Nursing Research
478(1)
Research Priorities
479(3)
The National Institute for Nursing Research
479(1)
The Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research
480(1)
Private Foundations
481(1)
Nursing Organizations
481(1)
Components of the Research Process
482(1)
Study Designs
482(4)
Nonexperimental Designs
482(1)
Experimental Designs
483(2)
Qualitative Designs
485(1)
Triangulation
486(1)
Pilot Studies
486(1)
Research Utilization
486(8)
Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education Project
488(1)
Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nursing Project
488(1)
Clinical Practice Guidelines
489(1)
Strategies To Promote Research
489(1)
Nurse Researcher Roles
490(2)
Locating Published Research
492(1)
Critical Appraisal of Nursing Research
493(1)
Ethical Issues Related to Research
494(1)
Institutional Review
494(1)
Historical Examples of Unethical Research
494(1)
Summary
495(2)
Unit Four CAREER MANAGEMENT
Making the Transition From Student to Professional Nurse
497(20)
Tommie L. Norris
Chapter Overview
498(1)
Real Life Scenario
498(1)
Reality Shock
499(4)
Honeymoon Phase
500(1)
Shock (Rejection) Phase
500(1)
Recovery Phase
501(1)
Resolution Phase
501(2)
Causes of Reality Shock
503(2)
Parital-Task vs. Whole-Task System
503(1)
Evaluation Methods
504(1)
From Novice to Expert
505(1)
Special Needs of Novice Nurses
505(3)
Interpersonal Skills
506(1)
Clinical Skills
506(1)
Organizational Skills
506(1)
Delegation Skills
507(1)
Priority-Setting Skills
507(1)
Strategies to Ease Transition
508(1)
Biculturalism
508(1)
Role Models and Mentors
508(1)
Preceptorships
508(1)
Self-Mentoring
509(1)
Self-Confidence and Self-Esteem
509(2)
Keys to Survival During Transition
511(1)
Meeting Special Needs of the Novice Nurse
511(4)
Organizational Skills
512(1)
Clinical Skills
513(1)
Interpersonal Skills
513(1)
Delegation Skills
513(1)
Priority-Setting Skills
514(1)
Summary
515(2)
Managing Time: AKA Managing Yourself
517(24)
Charold L. Baer
Chapter Overview
518(1)
The Concept of Time
519(1)
Perspectives on Time
520(1)
Common Myths of Time Management
520(5)
The Myth of Activity
520(1)
The Myth of Decision Level
521(1)
The Myth of Delayed Decisions
521(1)
The Myth of Delegation
522(1)
The Myth of Omnipotence
522(1)
The Myth of Overworking
522(1)
The Myth of Efficiency
522(1)
The Myth of Hard Work
523(1)
The Myth of the Open Door
523(1)
The Myth of Problem Identification
523(1)
The Myth of Saving Time
524(1)
The Myth of Time Shortage
524(1)
The Myth That Time Flies
524(1)
The Myth That Time Is Against Us
525(1)
Time Wasters
525(1)
Time-Management Strategies
525(12)
Segmentation
525(1)
Concentration
525(12)
Continuing To Succeed
537(1)
Summary
538(3)
Contemporary Nursing Roles and Career Opportunities
541(21)
Robert W. Koch
Chapter Overview
542(1)
Nursing...Much the Same, but Bigger and Better
543(3)
Care Provider
543(1)
Educator and Counselor
543(1)
Client Advocate
543(1)
Change Agent
544(1)
Leader and Manager
544(1)
Researcher
544(1)
Coordinator of the Transdisciplinary Health Care Team
544(2)
Nurses Today: Who Are They and What Are They Doing?
546(9)
Registered Nurse Demographics
547(1)
Hospital Opportunities
548(3)
Variations on Traditional Roles in Nursing
551(4)
Advanced Practice Nursing
555(4)
Nurse Practitioner
556(1)
Clinical Nurse Specialist
556(1)
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
557(1)
Certified Nurse-Midwife
558(1)
Nurse Administrator/Nurse Executive
559(1)
What About the Future?
559(1)
Summary
560(2)
Job Search: Finding Your Match
562(20)
Kathryn S. Skinner
Laura Day
Chapter Overview
563(1)
Exploring Options
563(2)
Knowing Oneself
563(1)
Networking
564(1)
Written Introductions
565(4)
How To Write a Cover Letter
565(2)
How To Prepare a Resume
567(2)
How To Prepare a Portfolio
569(1)
How To Interview Effectively
569(7)
How To Prepare: Planning Ahead
570(1)
How To Prepare: Self-Talk
570(1)
How To Prepare: Rehearse
571(1)
Hot To Prepare: the Interview Itself
572(1)
The Interview
573(3)
The Applicant's Tasks
576(3)
Assess the Climate of the Work Environment
576(1)
Ask for a Tour
576(1)
Follow-Up
576(3)
The Employer's Tasks
579(1)
Summary
580(2)
NCLEX-RN Examination
582(19)
Sandra S. Swick
Chapter Overview
583(1)
The NCLEX Examination
583(3)
Purpose of the NCLEX Examination
584(1)
Characteristics of the NCLEX Examination
584(2)
Components of the NCLEX Test Plan
586(9)
The Nursing Process
587(5)
Client Needs
592(3)
Preparing for the NCLEX Examination
595(2)
Food for Thought When Selecting an NCLEX Review Course
597(1)
Summary
598(3)
Appendix A: Nursing Organizations 601(5)
Appendix B: State Boards of Nursing (Including U.S. Territories) 606(4)
Appendix C: State Nursing Associations 610(4)
Appendix D: Canadian Nursing Associations 614

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