| Preface |
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xix | |
| Prologue: The Story of Psychology |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (8) |
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2 | (2) |
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Psychological Science Is Born |
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4 | (2) |
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Psychological Science Develops |
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6 | (3) |
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9 | (9) |
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9 | (2) |
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Psychology's Perspectives |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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Close-Up: Your Study of Psychology |
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15 | (3) |
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Thinking Critically with Psychological Science |
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18 | (38) |
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The Need for Psychological Science |
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19 | (7) |
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The Limits of Intuition and Common Sense |
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19 | (3) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (4) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (2) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (7) |
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Correlation and Causation |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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Perceiving Order in Random Events |
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34 | (2) |
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Thinking Critically About: Hot and Cold Streaks in Basketball and the Stock Market |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (5) |
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38 | (2) |
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Can Subliminal Tapes Improve Your Life? |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (4) |
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42 | (1) |
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Measures of Central Tendency |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (2) |
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Frequently Asked Questions About Psychology |
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46 | (10) |
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Thinking Critically About: The Death Penalty--When Beliefs Collide with Psychological Science |
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52 | (4) |
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Neuroscience and Behavior |
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56 | (42) |
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58 | (7) |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (1) |
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How Transmitters Influence Us |
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61 | (4) |
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65 | (4) |
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The Peripheral Nervous System |
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66 | (1) |
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The Central Nervous System |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (25) |
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70 | (2) |
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Lower-Level Brain Structures |
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72 | (4) |
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76 | (9) |
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85 | (7) |
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Thinking Critically About: Left Brain/Right Brain |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (4) |
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The Nature and Nurture of Behavior |
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98 | (36) |
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Genes: Our Biological Blueprint |
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100 | (1) |
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Evolutionary Psychology: Maximizing Fitness |
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101 | (7) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (5) |
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Behavior Genetics: Predicting Individual Differences |
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108 | (8) |
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108 | (3) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (2) |
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Gene-Environment Interaction |
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114 | (1) |
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The New Frontier: Molecular Genetics |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (10) |
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How Much Credit (or Blame) Do Parents Deserve? |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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Experience and Brain Development |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (5) |
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The Nature and Nurture of Gender |
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126 | (5) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (4) |
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Postscript: Reflections on Nature and Nurture |
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131 | (3) |
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134 | (58) |
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Prenatal Development and the Newborn |
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136 | (4) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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Close-Up: Research Strategies for Understanding Infants' Thinking |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (19) |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (7) |
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150 | (9) |
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159 | (13) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (6) |
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172 | (17) |
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172 | (6) |
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178 | (4) |
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182 | (7) |
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Reflections on Two Major Developmental Issues |
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189 | (3) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (3) |
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192 | (38) |
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Sensing the World: Some Basic Principles |
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194 | (5) |
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194 | (4) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (13) |
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The Stimulus Input: Light Energy |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (2) |
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Visual Information Processing |
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203 | (5) |
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208 | (4) |
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212 | (7) |
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The Stimulus Input: Sound Waves |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Close-Up: A Noisy Noise Annoys |
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214 | (2) |
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Hearing Loss and Deaf Culture |
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216 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Living in a Silent World |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (11) |
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219 | (4) |
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Thinking Critically About: Mind Over Matter: Firewalking |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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Body Position and Movement |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (34) |
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231 | (2) |
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233 | (3) |
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236 | (12) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (5) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (5) |
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Perceptual Interpretation |
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248 | (9) |
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Sensory Deprivation and Restored Vision |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (4) |
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Perception and the Human Factor |
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254 | (3) |
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Is There Extrasensory Perception? |
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257 | (7) |
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258 | (1) |
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Premonitions or Pretensions? |
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258 | (1) |
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Putting ESP to Experimental Test |
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259 | (5) |
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264 | (44) |
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265 | (4) |
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Levels of Information Processing |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (16) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: PMS |
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270 | (5) |
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275 | (4) |
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279 | (2) |
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281 | (4) |
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285 | (9) |
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286 | (3) |
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Thinking Critically About: Hypnotic Age Regression: A True Story |
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289 | (2) |
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Is Hypnosis an Altered State of Consciousness? |
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291 | (3) |
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294 | (11) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (6) |
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301 | (4) |
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305 | (3) |
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308 | (34) |
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312 | (10) |
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312 | (5) |
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Updating Pavlov's Understanding |
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317 | (2) |
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319 | (2) |
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Close-Up: Rape as Classical Conditioning |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (14) |
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323 | (1) |
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324 | (4) |
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328 | (1) |
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Updating Skinner's Understanding |
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329 | (3) |
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332 | (4) |
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336 | (6) |
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336 | (1) |
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Applications of Observational Learning |
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337 | (5) |
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342 | (42) |
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344 | (3) |
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Memory Loss and Memory Feats |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (2) |
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Encoding: Getting Information In |
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347 | (7) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (5) |
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Storage: Retaining Information |
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354 | (7) |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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Storing Memories in the Brain |
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356 | (5) |
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Retrieval: Getting Information Out |
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361 | (4) |
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362 | (3) |
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365 | (7) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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368 | (4) |
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372 | (9) |
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Misinformation and Imagination Effects |
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372 | (2) |
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374 | (1) |
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Discerning True and False Memories |
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375 | (1) |
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Children's Eyewitness Recall |
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376 | (1) |
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Repressed or Constructed Memories of Abuse? |
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377 | (4) |
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381 | (3) |
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384 | (34) |
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385 | (16) |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (2) |
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Making Decisions and Forming Judgments |
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389 | (3) |
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Thinking Critically About: Risks---Do We Fear the Right Things? |
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392 | (3) |
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395 | (2) |
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Simulating Thinking with Artificial Intelligence |
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397 | (4) |
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401 | (8) |
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401 | (1) |
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402 | (7) |
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409 | (4) |
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Language Influences Thinking |
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409 | (2) |
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Thinking Without Language |
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411 | (2) |
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Animal Thinking and Language |
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413 | (5) |
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413 | (1) |
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Do Animals Exhibit Language? |
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414 | (4) |
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418 | (36) |
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The Origins of Intelligence Testing |
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419 | (3) |
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Alfred Binet: Predicting School Achievement |
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420 | (1) |
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Lewis Terman: The Innate IQ |
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420 | (2) |
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422 | (10) |
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Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? |
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423 | (4) |
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Intelligence and Creativity |
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427 | (2) |
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Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable? |
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429 | (3) |
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432 | (5) |
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Modern Tests of Mental Abilities |
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432 | (2) |
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Principles of Test Construction |
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434 | (3) |
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The Dynamics of Intelligence |
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437 | (4) |
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437 | (1) |
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438 | (3) |
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence |
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441 | (13) |
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442 | (2) |
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444 | (2) |
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Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores |
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446 | (4) |
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450 | (4) |
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454 | (44) |
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456 | (3) |
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Instincts and Evolutionary Psychology |
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456 | (1) |
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457 | (1) |
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457 | (1) |
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458 | (1) |
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459 | (8) |
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460 | (3) |
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463 | (4) |
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467 | (16) |
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Describing Sexual Behavior |
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468 | (1) |
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468 | (3) |
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471 | (1) |
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472 | (3) |
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475 | (6) |
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481 | (2) |
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483 | (2) |
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483 | (1) |
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483 | (1) |
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Acting to Increase Social Acceptance |
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483 | (1) |
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Maintaining Relationships |
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484 | (1) |
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485 | (1) |
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485 | (13) |
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Close-Up: I/O Psychology at Work |
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487 | (1) |
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487 | (1) |
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Close-Up: Discovering Your Strengths |
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488 | (3) |
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Organizational Psychology: Motivating Achievement |
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491 | (7) |
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498 | (32) |
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500 | (5) |
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The James-Lange and Cannon-Bard Theories |
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500 | (1) |
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501 | (3) |
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Two Dimensions of Emotion |
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504 | (1) |
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505 | (5) |
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505 | (2) |
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The Physiology of Specific Emotions |
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507 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: Lie Detection |
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508 | (2) |
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510 | (8) |
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510 | (4) |
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Culture and Emotional Expression |
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514 | (2) |
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The Effects of Facial Expressions |
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516 | (2) |
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518 | (12) |
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518 | (2) |
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520 | (2) |
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522 | (6) |
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Close-Up: How to Be Happier |
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528 | (2) |
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530 | (44) |
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532 | (14) |
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532 | (7) |
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539 | (2) |
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Stress and Susceptibility to Disease |
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541 | (5) |
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546 | (28) |
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546 | (9) |
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Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors |
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555 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: Alternative Medicine: New Ways to Health, or Old Snake Oil? |
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556 | (5) |
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Close-Up: For Those Who Want to Stop Smoking |
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561 | (9) |
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Close-Up: Helpful Hints for Losing Weight |
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570 | (4) |
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574 | (44) |
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Historic Perspectives on Personality |
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575 | (15) |
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The Psychoanalytic Perspective |
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576 | (11) |
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The Humanistic Perspective |
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587 | (3) |
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Contemporary Research on Personality |
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590 | (28) |
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591 | (5) |
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Thinking Critically About: How to Be a ``Successful'' Astrologer or Palm Reader |
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596 | (4) |
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The Social-Cognitive Perspective |
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600 | (4) |
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Close-Up: Toward a More Positive Psychology |
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604 | (3) |
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607 | (7) |
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The Modern Unconscious Mind |
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614 | (4) |
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618 | (40) |
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Perspectives on Psychological Disorders |
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620 | (7) |
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Defining Psychological Disorders |
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620 | (1) |
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Understanding Psychological Disorders |
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621 | (1) |
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Classifying Psychological Disorders |
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622 | (1) |
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Labeling Psychological Disorders |
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623 | (1) |
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Close-Up: The ``Un-DSM'': A Diagnostic Manual of Human Strengths |
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624 | (2) |
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Thinking Critically About: Insanity and Responsibility |
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626 | (1) |
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627 | (6) |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder |
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627 | (1) |
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628 | (1) |
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |
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628 | (1) |
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Explaining Anxiety Disorders |
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629 | (1) |
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Close-Up: The Wounds of War: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder |
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630 | (3) |
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633 | (13) |
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Major Depressive Disorder |
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633 | (1) |
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634 | (1) |
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Explaining Mood Disorders |
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635 | (3) |
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638 | (5) |
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643 | (1) |
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Thinking Critically About: Dissociation and Multiple Personalities |
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644 | (2) |
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646 | (7) |
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Symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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646 | (2) |
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Subtypes of Schizophrenia |
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648 | (1) |
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Understanding Schizophrenia |
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649 | (4) |
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653 | (3) |
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Rates of Psychological Disorder |
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656 | (2) |
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658 | (36) |
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The Psychological Therapies |
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660 | (14) |
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660 | (3) |
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663 | (1) |
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664 | (5) |
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669 | (3) |
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Group and Family Therapies |
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672 | (2) |
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Evaluating Psychotherapies |
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674 | (11) |
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Is Psychotherapy Effective? |
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674 | (2) |
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Thinking Critically About: ``Regressing'' from Unusual to Usual |
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676 | (2) |
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The Relative Effectiveness of Different Therapies |
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678 | (1) |
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Evaluating Alternative Therapies |
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679 | (3) |
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Commonalities Among Psychotherapies |
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682 | (1) |
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Culture and Values in Psychotherapy |
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683 | (1) |
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Close-Up: A Consumer's Guide to Psychotherapists |
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684 | (1) |
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685 | (7) |
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685 | (4) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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689 | (1) |
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690 | (2) |
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Preventing Psychological Disorders |
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692 | (2) |
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694 | (1) |
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695 | (7) |
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Attributing Behavior to Persons or to Situations |
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696 | (2) |
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698 | (4) |
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702 | (12) |
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703 | (6) |
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709 | (5) |
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714 | (1) |
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714 | (5) |
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719 | (7) |
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Close-Up: Parallels Between Smoking and Media Violence Effects |
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726 | (1) |
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726 | (3) |
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729 | (5) |
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734 | (3) |
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737 | |
| Appendix A Answers to Review Questions |
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1 | (1) |
| Glossary |
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1 | (1) |
| References |
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1 | (1) |
| Name Index |
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1 | (1) |
| Subject Index |
|
1 | |
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