| Contributing Authors |
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xvii | |
| Preface |
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xxvii | |
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I: PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES |
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Airway Management and Endotracheal Intubation |
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3 | (6) |
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9 | (5) |
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Arterial Line Placement and Care |
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14 | (7) |
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Pulmonary Artery Catheters |
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21 | (6) |
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Cardioversion and Defibrillation |
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27 | (5) |
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32 | (4) |
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The Intraaortic Balloon and Counterpulsation |
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36 | (6) |
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Chest Tube Insertion and Care |
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42 | (7) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (4) |
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Gastrointestinal Endoscopy |
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60 | (4) |
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Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage and Paracentesis |
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64 | (6) |
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Gastroesophageal Balloon Tamponade for Acute Variceal Hemorrhage |
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70 | (7) |
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Endoscopic Placement of Feeding Tubes |
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77 | (4) |
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Aspiration |
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81 | (5) |
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Neurologic and Intracranial Pressure Monitoring |
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86 | (4) |
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Percutaneous Suprapubic Cystostomy |
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90 | (4) |
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94 | (4) |
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Anesthesia for Bedside Procedures |
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98 | (4) |
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Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit |
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102 | (4) |
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Echocardiography in the Intensive Care Unit |
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106 | (5) |
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Arterial Puncture for Blood Gas Analysis |
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111 | (4) |
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115 | (6) |
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II: CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS AND CORONARY CARE |
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation |
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121 | (9) |
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Pharmacologic Management of the Hypotensive Patient |
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130 | (5) |
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The Cardiomyopathies: Diagnosis and ICU Management |
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135 | (10) |
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145 | (7) |
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Critical Care of Pericardial Disease |
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152 | (9) |
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The Acute Aortic Syndromes |
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161 | (8) |
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Evaluation and Management of Hypertension in the Intensive Care Unit |
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169 | (5) |
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174 | (7) |
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Cardiac and Thoracic-Aortic Trauma |
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181 | (9) |
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Management of Unstable Angina and Non-st-Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
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190 | (5) |
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St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
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195 | (7) |
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Complicated Myocardial Infarction |
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202 | (9) |
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211 | (8) |
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Supraventricular Tachycardia |
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219 | (10) |
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229 | (7) |
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Permanent Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmic Devices |
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236 | (6) |
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Evaluation of the Low-to Intermediate-Risk Patient with Chest Pain: Chest Pain Centers |
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242 | (9) |
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III: PULMONARY PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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A Physiologic Approach to Managing Respiratory Failure |
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251 | (4) |
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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
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255 | (4) |
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259 | (4) |
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
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263 | (5) |
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Extrapulmonary Causes of Respiratory Failure |
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268 | (3) |
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Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy |
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271 | (5) |
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Venous Thromboembolism: Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis |
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276 | (6) |
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282 | (5) |
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Aspiration and Near-Drowning |
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287 | (5) |
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292 | (5) |
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Pleural Disease in the Critically III Patient |
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297 | (4) |
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Mechanical Ventilation: Initiation |
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301 | (6) |
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Mechanical Ventilation: Discontinuation |
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307 | (5) |
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Respiratory Adjunct Therapy |
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312 | (5) |
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Acute Inhalational Injury |
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317 | (4) |
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Disorders of Temperature Control: Hypothermia |
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321 | (4) |
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Disorders of Temperature Control: Hyperthermia |
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325 | (4) |
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Severe Upper Airway Infections |
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329 | (5) |
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Acute Infectious Pneumonia |
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334 | (7) |
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IV: RENAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Metabolic Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis |
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341 | (6) |
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Disorders of Plasma Sodium and Plasma Potassium |
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347 | (8) |
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Acute Renal Failure in the Intensive Care Unit |
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355 | (9) |
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Dialysis Therapy in the Intensive Care Setting |
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364 | (7) |
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V: INFECTIOUS DISEASE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Approach to Fever in the Intensive Care Patient |
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371 | (4) |
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Use of Antimicrobials in the Treatment of Infection in the Critically III Patient |
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375 | (6) |
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381 | (5) |
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386 | (5) |
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Infections Associated with Vascular Catheters |
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391 | (4) |
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Urinary Tract Infections in the Intensive Care Unit |
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395 | (3) |
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Toxic Shock Syndrome, Tick-Borne Illnesses, and Postsplenectomy Infection |
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398 | (3) |
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Acute Infections in the Immunocompromised Host |
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401 | (3) |
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Intensive Care of Patients with HIV Infection |
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404 | (4) |
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Infectious Complications of Substance Abuse |
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408 | (3) |
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Tuberculosis in the Intensive Care Unit |
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411 | (4) |
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415 | (6) |
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VI: GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATOBILIARY PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Principles of Diagnosis and Management |
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421 | (5) |
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426 | (4) |
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430 | (4) |
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Gastrointestinal Motility Problems in the Critical Care Setting |
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434 | (5) |
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Fulminant Colitis and Toxic Megacolon |
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439 | (4) |
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443 | (4) |
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Evaluation and Management of Liver Failure |
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447 | (7) |
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454 | (4) |
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Severe and Complicated Biliary Tract Disease |
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458 | (5) |
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The Basic Principles of Nutritional Support in the Intensive Care Unit |
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463 | (6) |
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VII: ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Management of Diabetes in Critically III Patients |
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469 | (5) |
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474 | (7) |
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481 | (6) |
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Hypoadrenal Crisis and the Stress Management of the Patient on Chronic Steroid Therapy |
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487 | (4) |
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Disorders of Mineral Metabolism |
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491 | (4) |
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495 | (6) |
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Sick Euthyroid Syndrome in the ICU |
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501 | (8) |
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VIII: HEMATOLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Acquired Bleeding Disorders |
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509 | (11) |
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Congenital Coagulopathies |
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520 | (5) |
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Thrombocytopenia in the Critically III Patient |
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525 | (6) |
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531 | (12) |
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543 | (11) |
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554 | (7) |
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Transfusion Therapy: Blood Components and Transfusion Complications |
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561 | (6) |
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567 | (10) |
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577 | (4) |
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581 | (10) |
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IX: PHARMACOLOGY, OVERDOSES AND POISONINGS |
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591 | (6) |
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General Considerations in the Evaluation and Treatment of Poisoning |
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597 | (10) |
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607 | (4) |
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611 | (4) |
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615 | (6) |
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621 | (3) |
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Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs |
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624 | (5) |
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629 | (4) |
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633 | (6) |
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X: SURGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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639 | (2) |
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Esophageal Perforation and Acute Mediastinitis |
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641 | (4) |
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Diagnosis and Management of Intraabdominal Sepsis |
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645 | (4) |
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649 | (5) |
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654 | (3) |
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Compartment Syndrome of the Abdominal Cavity |
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657 | (3) |
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Necrotizing Fasciitis and Other Soft Tissue Infections |
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660 | (3) |
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Pressure Sores: Prevention and Treatment |
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663 | (2) |
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Pain Management in the Critically III |
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665 | (4) |
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Obstetric Problems in the Intensive Care Unit |
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669 | (8) |
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677 | (7) |
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Hemorrhage and Resuscitation |
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684 | (6) |
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690 | (3) |
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693 | (4) |
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697 | (7) |
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704 | (5) |
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709 | (7) |
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716 | (3) |
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Compartment Syndromes of the Extremities |
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719 | (3) |
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722 | (5) |
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Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome |
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727 | (6) |
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XII: NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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An Approach to Neurologic Problems in the Intensive Care Unit |
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733 | (4) |
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Evaluating the Patient with Altered Consciousness in the Intensive Care Unit |
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737 | (4) |
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741 | (3) |
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Generalized Anoxia/Ischemia of the Nervous System |
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744 | (3) |
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747 | (5) |
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752 | (4) |
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756 | (4) |
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760 | (5) |
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765 | (4) |
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769 | (4) |
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Neurooncological Problems in the Intensive Care Unit |
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773 | (6) |
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Miscellaneous ICU Neurologic Problems |
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779 | (8) |
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Critical Care of Organ Transplant Recipients: Introduction |
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787 | (3) |
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Rejection, Infection, and Malignancy in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
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790 | (4) |
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Critical Care of Kidney Transplant Recipients |
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794 | (4) |
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Critical Care of Pancreas Transplant Recipients |
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798 | (6) |
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Critical Care of Liver Transplant Recipients |
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804 | (5) |
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Critical Care of Heart and Lung Transplant Recipients |
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809 | (7) |
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Critical Care of the Deceased Organ Donor |
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816 | (7) |
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Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation |
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823 | (12) |
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XIV: RHEUMATOLOGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Rheumatologic Disorders in the Intensive Care Unit |
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835 | (7) |
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842 | (6) |
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Vasculitis in the Intensive Care Unit |
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848 | (5) |
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XV: PSYCHIATRIC ISSUES IN INTENSIVE CARE |
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Agitation and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit Patient |
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853 | (6) |
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety in the Intensive Care Unit Patient |
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859 | (3) |
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in the Intensive Care Unit Patient |
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862 | (9) |
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XVI: MORAL, ETHICAL, LEGAL ISSUES AND PUBLIC POLICY IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT |
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Ethical and Legal Issues in Intensive Care |
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871 | (5) |
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| Appendix: Calculations Commonly Used in Critical Care |
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876 | (5) |
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| Index |
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881 | |
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