| Acknowledgments |
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viii | |
| Introduction |
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1 | (4) |
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5 | (18) |
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5 | (1) |
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Status of Women in Hebrew Society |
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6 | (3) |
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The Old Testament Critique of Patriarchy |
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9 | (5) |
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The New Testament Picture |
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14 | (4) |
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The Writings of the Apostle Paul |
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18 | (5) |
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Women and the Early Churches |
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23 | (20) |
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Women in the New Testament Churches |
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23 | (3) |
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26 | (2) |
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The Ministries of Women in the Post-Biblical Churches |
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28 | (4) |
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Women Outside the Orthodox Mainstream |
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32 | (2) |
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Martyrdom and the Witness of Perpetua |
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34 | (2) |
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Patristic Attitudes Toward Women |
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36 | (3) |
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Writers, Poets, and Pilgrims |
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39 | (4) |
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Virgin and Witch: Women in Medieval Christianity |
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43 | (18) |
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The Life of Virginity and Chastity |
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44 | (7) |
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51 | (3) |
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54 | (3) |
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Medieval Women in Prayer and Protest |
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57 | (4) |
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Women in an Era of Reformation |
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61 | (14) |
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Luther, Calvin, and the Status of Women |
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61 | (5) |
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Catholic Women in an Era of Reform |
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66 | (2) |
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Protestant Women Active in Reform |
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68 | (2) |
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Protestant Women Outside the Mainstream |
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70 | (5) |
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Women and Christianity in the American Colonies |
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75 | (18) |
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75 | (5) |
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Anne Hutchinson, the ``American Jezebel'' |
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80 | (3) |
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83 | (5) |
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88 | (5) |
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Women Organizing for Mission and Reform |
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93 | (14) |
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The Cult of True Womanhood |
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93 | (3) |
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Organizing for Charity and Reform |
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96 | (4) |
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Organized Feminism, Women's Rights, and the Christian Community |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (5) |
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Nineteenth-Century Preachers and Scholars |
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107 | (10) |
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Women in the Evangelical Tradition |
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107 | (3) |
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The Debate Over Women Preaching |
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110 | (3) |
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113 | (4) |
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American Women in Catholicism and Sectarianism |
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117 | (12) |
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Images of Women in American Catholicism |
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117 | (3) |
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American Women in Religious Orders |
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120 | (3) |
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Women and Sectarian Christianity |
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123 | (6) |
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The Move Toward Full Participation |
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129 | (10) |
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The Expansion of Denominational Roles |
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129 | (2) |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (5) |
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139 | (14) |
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Women in the Ordained Ministry |
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139 | (4) |
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The Ministry of Deaconess and Nun |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (2) |
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The Need for Feminist Theologies |
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148 | (5) |
| Conclusion |
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153 | (4) |
| Notes |
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157 | (8) |
| Suggestions for Further Reading |
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165 | (14) |
| Subject Index |
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179 | (4) |
| Scripture Index |
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183 | (51) |
| Preface |
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xiii | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
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1 | (16) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (3) |
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(Song of Solomon 1:1---3:5) |
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6 | (4) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Jesus and the Samaritan Woman |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (2) |
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Headcovering in the Church |
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15 | (2) |
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Women and the Early Churches |
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17 | (27) |
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17 | (1) |
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Deaconesses in the Early Church |
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17 | (2) |
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(Apostolic Constitutions) |
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19 | (1) |
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Gnostic Images of the Divine |
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(The Thunder, Perfect Mind) |
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20 | (2) |
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(Irenaeus, Against Heresies) |
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22 | (2) |
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The Martyrdom of Perpetua |
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(The Acts of the Christian Martyrs) |
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24 | (3) |
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(Tertullian, ``On the Apparel of Women'') |
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27 | (6) |
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A Model of Christian Asceticism |
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(Jerome, ``To Eustochium, Memorials of Her Mother Paula'') |
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33 | (7) |
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(``The Pilgrimage of Egeria'') |
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40 | (4) |
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Virgin and Witch: Women in Medieval Christianity |
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44 | (24) |
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Spiritual Marriage Condemned |
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(``Instruction and Refutation Directed against Those Men Cohabiting with Virgins'') |
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44 | (3) |
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Melania the Younger as Ascetic Teacher |
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(The Life of Melania the Younger) |
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47 | (2) |
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Rejecting Patriarchal Marriage |
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(The Life of Christina of Markyate) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (4) |
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(The Book of the City of Ladies) |
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57 | (4) |
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(The Book of Margery Kempe) |
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61 | (2) |
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(Revelations of Divine Love) |
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63 | (2) |
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(Catherine of Siena, ``To Gregory XI'') |
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65 | (3) |
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Women in an Era of Reformation |
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68 | (24) |
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(``The Estate of Marriage'') |
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68 | (4) |
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Calvin on the Creation of Woman |
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(Commentaries on the First Book of Moses Called Genesis) |
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72 | (3) |
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Luther on Female Preaching |
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(``The Misuse of the Mass'') |
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75 | (1) |
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Calvin on the Silence of Women |
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(Institutes of the Christian Religion) |
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76 | (3) |
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79 | (5) |
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Marriage and Adultery among the Hutterites |
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(``Concerning Marriage'' and ``Concerning Adultery'') |
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84 | (2) |
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The Martyrdom of Anabaptist Elizabeth of Leeuwarden |
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(``Elizabeth, A.D. 1549'') |
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86 | (4) |
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The Sisters' Choir at Ephrata |
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90 | (2) |
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Women and Christianity in the American Colonies |
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92 | (23) |
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(Ornaments for the Daughters of Zion) |
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92 | (3) |
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Wives as Model Christians |
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(Practical Discourses on the Parable of the Ten Virgins) |
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95 | (2) |
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(``The Examination of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson at the Court at Newtown'') |
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97 | (5) |
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The ``Unfeminine Activities'' of Sarah Osborn |
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(Letters from Sarah Osborn to Joseph Fish, February 28 and March 7, 1767) |
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102 | (3) |
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Sarah Edwards's Religious Ecstasy |
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(The Life of President Edwards) |
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105 | (3) |
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Eulogy for George Whitefield |
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(``On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield [1770]'') |
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108 | (1) |
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(Womens Speaking Justified, Proved and Allowed of by the Scriptures) |
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109 | (3) |
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Quaker Women as Missionaries |
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(A Short Account of the Life and Religious Labours of Patience Brayton) |
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112 | (3) |
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Women Organizing for Mission and Reform |
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115 | (24) |
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The Cult of True Womanhood |
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(The Sphere and Duties of Woman) |
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115 | (2) |
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(The Obligations and Duties of the Female Sex to Christianity) |
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117 | (3) |
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The Cause of Moral Reform |
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(The Constitution and Circular of the New York Female Moral Reform Society) |
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120 | (3) |
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Equal Rights and Moral Duties |
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(Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Woman) |
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123 | (5) |
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Woman's Influence Must Be Unobtrusive |
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(An Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism) |
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128 | (2) |
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The Gathering of Women for Missions |
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(A Brief Account of the Origin and Progress of the Boston Female Society for Missionary Purposes) |
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130 | (3) |
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Missionary Women Step beyond Their Sphere |
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(Western Women in Eastern Lands) |
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133 | (6) |
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Nineteenth-Century Preachers and Scholars |
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139 | (24) |
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A Defense of Female Preaching |
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(``Woman's Right to Preach the Gospel'') |
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139 | (3) |
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Biblical Examples of Preaching Women |
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142 | (4) |
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Amanda Smith's Call to Preach |
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146 | (7) |
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Paul Prohibits the Preaching of Women |
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(``Woman Preaching Viewed in the Light of God's Word and Church History'') |
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153 | (2) |
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(``Deaconesses and Their Work'') |
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155 | (2) |
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Women Re-vision the Bible |
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157 | (6) |
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American Women in Catholicism and Sectarianism |
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163 | (28) |
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The Vatican on the Role of Women |
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(``On Christian Marriage: Encyclical Letter of His Holiness Pope Pius XI'') |
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163 | (3) |
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Catholic Sisters as America's Educators |
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(Mother Caroline and the School Sisters of Notre Dame in North America) |
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166 | (5) |
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Catholic Sisters as Civil War Nurses |
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(``Notes on the Satterlee Military Hospital'') |
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171 | (6) |
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Complex Marriage in the Oneida Community (Bible Communism) |
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177 | (4) |
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The Duality of God in Shaker Belief |
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(Compendium of the Origin, History, Principles, ...of the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing) |
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181 | (3) |
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Shaker Women in Community |
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(The Communistic Societies of the United States) |
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184 | (3) |
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Public Roles for Women in Christian Science |
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(Reminiscences, Sermons, and Correspondence) |
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187 | (4) |
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The Move toward Full Participation |
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191 | (25) |
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The Licensing and Ordination of Methodist Women |
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(ed., ``Report of the Commission on Licensing and Ordaining Women'') |
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191 | (1) |
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Unrest among Prebyterian Women |
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(Causes of Unrest among the Women of the Church) |
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192 | (6) |
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Investigating the Status of Women in the Churches |
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(The Service and Status of Women in the Churches) |
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198 | (7) |
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Presbyterian Women as Ministers |
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(``Presbyterian Church U.S.A. Ordains First Woman Minister'') |
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205 | (2) |
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Raising the Consciousness of Baptist Women |
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(``Woman Looks at Herself'') |
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207 | (3) |
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(The Church and the Second Sex) |
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210 | (6) |
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216 | (18) |
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Admission of Women to the Priesthood |
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(``Declaration on the Question of the Admission of Women to the Ministerial Priesthood'') |
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216 | (2) |
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Transformation of the Catholic Sisterhood |
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218 | (5) |
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(``Expression of a Vision'') |
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223 | (5) |
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A Feminist Critique of Theological Education |
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(The Cornwall Collective, Your Daughters Shall Prophesy) |
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228 | (4) |
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Inclusive Language for Worship |
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(An Inclusive Language Lectionary) |
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232 | (2) |
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Feminist Views of Sin and Salvation |
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(Human Liberation in a Feminist Perspective) |
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234 | |
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