Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concepts of Care/With Quick Reference Guide: Townsend, Mary C.: 9780803601062: Book: : eCampus.com

UNIT ONE BASIC CONCEPTS IN PSYCHIATRIC/MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

(86)

An Introduction to the Concept of Stress

(12)

Introduction

(1)

Stress as a Biological Response

(1)

Stress as an Environmental Event

(1)

Stress as a Transaction Between the Individual and the Environment

(2)

Precipitating Event

(1)

Individual's Perception of the Event

(1)

Predisposing Factors

(1)

Stress Management

(1)

Adaptive Coping Strategies

(1)

Summary

(3)

Review Questions

(1)

References

(1)

Bibliography

(3)

Mental Health and Mental Illness

(26)

Introduction

(1)

Historical Overview of Psychiatric Care

(1)

Mental Health

(2)

Mental Illness

(1)

Psychological Adaptation to Stress

(8)

Anxiety

(6)

Grief

(2)

Mental Health/Mental Illness Continuum

(1)

The DSM-IV Multiaxial Evaluation System

(1)

Summary

(9)

Review Questions

(2)

References

(1)

Bibliography

(2)

Theories of Personality Development

(18)

Introduction

(1)

Psychoanalytic Theory

(3)

Structure of the Personality

(1)

Topography of the Mind

(1)

Dynamics of the Personality

(1)

Freud's Stages of Personality Development

(1)

Interpersonal Theory

(1)

Sullivan's Stages of Personality Development

(1)

Theory of Psychosocial Development

(3)

Erikson's Stage of Personality Development

(3)

Theory of Object Relations

(1)

The Autistic Phase (Birth to 1 Month)

(1)

The Symbiotic Phase (1 to 5 Months)

(1)

Separation-Individuation (5 to 36 Months)

(1)

Cognitive Development Theory

(2)

Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 Years)

(1)

Preoperational (2 to 6 Years)

(1)

Concrete Operations (6 to 12 Years)

(1)

Formal Operations (12 to 15+ Years)

(1)

Theory of Moral Development

(1)

Preconventional Level (Prominent from Ages 4 to 10 Years)

(1)

Conventional Level (Prominent from Ages 10 to 13 Years and into Adulthood)

(1)

Postconventional Level (Can Occur from Adolescence on)

(1)

A Nursing Model---Hildegard E. Peplau

(3)

Peplau's Stages of Personality Development

(2)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(1)

References

(1)

Bibliography

(1)

Concepts of Psychobiology

(28)

Introduction

(1)

The Nervous System: An Anatomical Review

(12)

The Brain

(5)

Nerve Tissue

(1)

Autonomic Nervous System

(3)

Neurotransmitters

(4)

Neuroendocrinology

(7)

Pituitary Gland

(3)

Circadian Rhythms

(3)

Genetics

(1)

Psychoimmunology

(2)

Normal Immune Response

(1)

Implications for Psychiatric Illness

(2)

Implications for Nursing

(1)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(1)

References

(1)

Bibliography

(1)

UNIT TWO THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE

(220)

Relationship Development

(12)

Introduction

(1)

Role of the Psychiatric Nurse

(1)

Dynamics of a Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship

(3)

Therapeutic Use of Self

(1)

Gaining Self-Awareness

(3)

Conditions Essential to Development of a Therapeutic Relationship

(2)

Rapport

(1)

Trust

(1)

Respect

(1)

Genuineness

(1)

Empathy

(1)

Phases of a Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationship

(2)

The Preinteraction Phase

(1)

The Orientation (Introductory) Phase

(1)

The Working Phase

(1)

The Termination Phase

(1)

Summary

(1)

Review Questions

(1)

References

(1)

Bibliography

(2)

Therapeutic Communication

101

(14)

Introduction

102

(1)

What is Communication?

102

(1)

The Impact of Preexisting Conditions

102

(2)

Values, Attitudes, and Beliefs

102

(1)

Culture or Religion

102

(1)

Social Status

103

(1)

Gender

103

(1)

Age or Developmental Level

103

(1)

Environment in Which the Transaction Takes Place

104

(1)

Nonverbal Communication

104

(2)

Physical Appearance and Dress

104

(1)

Body Movement and Posture

105

(1)

Touch

105

(1)

Facial Expressions

105

(1)

Eye Behavior

105

(1)

Vocal Cues, or Paralanguage

106

(1)

Therapeutic Communication Techniques

106

(1)

Nontherapeutic Communication Techniques

106

(1)

Active Listening

106

(2)

Feedback

108

(3)

Summary

111

(1)

Review Questions

112

(1)

References

113

(1)

Bibliography

113

(2)

The Nursing Process in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

115

(24)

Introduction

116

(1)

The Nursing Process

116

(9)

Definition

116

(1)

Standards of Care

116

(9)

Why Nursing Diagnosis?

125

(3)

Nursing Case Management

128

(3)

Critical Pathways of Care

129

(2)

Applying the Nursing Process in the Psychiatric Setting

131

(1)

Documentation to the Nursing Process

132

(3)

Problem-Oriented Recording

132

(1)

Focus Charting

133

(1)

The PIE Method

134

(1)

Summary

135

(1)

Review Questions

135

(1)

References

136

(1)

Bibliography

137

(2)

Therapeutic Groups

139

(12)

Introduction

140

(1)

The Group Defined

140

(1)

Functions of a Group

140

(1)

Types of Groups

140

(1)

Task Groups

140

(1)

Teaching Groups

141

(1)

Supportive/Therapeutic Groups

141

(1)

Self-Help Groups

141

(1)

Physical Conditions

141

(1)

Seating

141

(1)

Size

141

(1)

Membership

142

(1)

Curative Factors

142

(1)

Phases of Group Development

143

(1)

Initial or Orientation Phase

143

(1)

Middle or Working Phase

143

(1)

Final or Termination Phase

143

(1)

Leadership Styles

144

(1)

Autocratic

144

(1)

Democratic

144

(1)

Laissez-Faire

144

(1)

Member Roles

144

(1)

Psychodrama

145

(1)

The Role of the Nurse in Group Therapy

145

(2)

Summary

147

(1)

Review Questions

148

(2)

References

150

(1)

Bibliography

150

(1)

Intervention With Families

151

(24)

Introduction

152

(1)

Stages of Family Development

152

(2)

The Single Young Adult

152

(1)

The Newly Married Couple

152

(1)

The Family With Young Children

153

(1)

The Family With Adolescents

153

(1)

The Family Launching Grown Children

154

(1)

The Family in Later Life

154

(1)

Major Variations

154

(2)

Divorce

154

(1)

Remarriage

154

(1)

Cultural Variations

155

(1)

Family Functioning

156

(4)

Communication

156

(1)

Self-Concept Reinforcement

157

(1)

Family Members' Expectations

158

(1)

Handling Differences

158

(1)

Family Interactional Patterns

159

(1)

Family Climate

160

(1)

Therapeutic Modalities with Families

160

(8)

The Family as a System

160

(3)

The Structural Model

163

(2)

The Strategic Model

165

(3)

The Nursing Process

168

(4)

Summary

172

(1)

Review Questions

173

(1)

References

174

(1)

Bibliography

174

(1)

Milieu Therapy---The Therapeutic Community

175

(10)

Introduction

176

(1)

Milieu Defined

176

(1)

Basic Assumptions

176

(1)

Conditions that Promote a Therapeutic Community

176

(2)

The Program of Therapeutic Community

178

(1)

The Role of the Nurse

178

(3)

Summary

181

(1)

Review Questions

182

(2)

References

184

(1)

Bibliography

184

(1)

Crisis Intervention

185

(12)

Introduction

186

(1)

Crisis Defined

186

(1)

Phases in the Development of a Crisis

186

(1)

Types of Crises

187

(3)

Dispositional Crises

188

(1)

Crises of Anticipated Life Transitions

188

(1)

Crises Resulting from Traumatic Stress

189

(1)

Maturational/Developmental Crises

189

(1)

Crises Reflecting Psychopathology

189

(1)

Psychiatric Emergencies

190

(1)

Crisis Intervention

190

(1)

Phases of Crisis Intervention: The Role of the Nurse

191

(1)

Assessment

191

(1)

Planning of Therapeutic Intervention

191

(1)

Intervention

191

(1)

Evaluation of Crisis Resolution and Anticipatory Planning

192

(1)

Summary

192

(1)

Review Questions

193

(1)

References

194

(1)

Bibliography

195

(2)

Relaxation Therapy

197

(12)

Introduction

198

(1)

The Stress Epidemic

198

(1)

Physiological Cognitive and Behavioral Manifestations of Relaxation

199

(1)

Methods of Achieving Relaxation

199

(6)

Deep Breathing Exercises

199

(2)

Progressive Relaxation

201

(1)

Modified (or Passive) Progressive Relaxation

202

(1)

Meditation

203

(1)

Mental Imagery

204

(1)

Biofeedback

204

(1)

Physical Exercise

204

(1)

The Role of the Nurse in Relaxation Therapy

205

(1)

Assessment

205

(1)

Diagnosis

205

(1)

Outcome Identification/Implementation

206

(1)

Evaluation

206

(1)

Summary

206

(1)

Review Questions

207

(1)

References

207

(1)

Bibliography

207

(2)

Assertiveness Training

209

(14)

Introduction

210

(1)

Assertive Communication

210

(1)

Basic Human Rights

210

(1)

Response Patterns

210

(2)

Nonassertive Behavior

211

(1)

Assertive Behavior

211

(1)

Aggressive Behavior

212

(1)

Passive-Aggressive Behavior

212

(1)

Behavioral Components of Assertive Behavior

212

(2)

Techniques that Promote Assertive Behavior

214

(1)

Thought-Stopping Techniques

215

(1)

Method

215

(1)

Role of the Nurse

215

(3)

Assessment

215

(1)

Diagnosis

215

(1)

Outcome Identification/Implementation

216

(2)

Evaluation

218

(1)

Summary

218

(1)

Review Questions

219

(2)

References

221

(1)

Bibliography

221

(2)

Promoting Self-Esteem

223

(14)

Introduction

224

(1)

Components of Self-Concept

224

(1)

Physical Self or Body Image

224

(1)

Personal Identity

224

(1)

Self-Esteem

224

(1)

The Development of Self-Esteem

225

(2)

Developmental Progression of the Self-Esteem Through the Life Span

226

(1)

The Manifestations of Low Self-Esteem

227

(1)

Focal Stimuli

227

(1)

Contextual Stimuli

227

(1)

Residual Stimuli

227

(1)

Symptoms of Low Self-Esteem

227

(1)

Boundaries

227

(3)

Boundary Pliancy

228

(2)

Establishing Boundaries

230

(1)

The Nursing Process

230

(4)

Assessment

230

(1)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

231

(1)

Planning/Implementation

232

(1)

Evaluation

232

(2)

Summary

234

(1)

Review Questions

235

(1)

References

236

(1)

Bibliography

236

(1)

Anger/Aggression Management

237

(12)

Introduction

238

(1)

Anger and Aggression Defined

238

(1)

Anger

238

(1)

Aggression

238

(1)

Predisposing Factors to Anger and Aggression

239

(1)

Modeling

239

(1)

Operant Conditioning

239

(1)

Neurophysiological Disorders

239

(1)

Biochemical Factors

240

(1)

Socioeconomic Factors

240

(1)

Environmental Factors

240

(1)

The Nursing Process

240

(2)

Assessment

240

(1)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

241

(1)

Planning/Implementation

242

(1)

Evaluation

242

(1)

Summary

242

(2)

Review Questions

244

(2)

References

246

(1)

Bibliography

247

(2)

The Suicidal Client

249

(10)

Introduction

250

(1)

Epidemiological Factors

250

(1)

Risk Factors

250

(2)

Marital Status

250

(1)

Gender

250

(1)

Age

250

(1)

Religion

250

(1)

Socioeconomic Status

250

(1)

Ethnicity

250

(1)

Other Risk Factors

251

(1)

Predisposing Factors: Theories of Suicide

252

(1)

Psychological Theories

252

(1)

Sociological Theory

252

(1)

Biological Theories

252

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process with the Suicidal Client

253

(3)

Assessment

253

(1)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

254

(1)

Planning/Implementation

255

(1)

Evaluation

255

(1)

Summary

256

(1)

Review Questions

256

(2)

References

258

(1)

Bibliography

258

(1)

Behavior Therapy

259

(10)

Introduction

260

(1)

Classical Conditioning

260

(1)

Operant Conditioning

260

(1)

Techniques for Modifying Client Behavior

261

(3)

Shaping

261

(1)

Modeling

262

(1)

Premack Principle

262

(1)

Extinction

262

(1)

Contingency Contracting

262

(1)

Token Economy

262

(1)

Time Out

263

(1)

Reciprocal Inhibition

263

(1)

Overt Sensitization

263

(1)

Covert Sensitization

263

(1)

Systematic Desensitization

263

(1)

Flooding

264

(1)

Role of the Nurse in Behavior Therapy

264

(2)

Summary

266

(1)

Review Question

266

(2)

References

268

(1)

Bibliography

268

(1)

Psychopharmacology

269

(28)

Introduction

270

(1)

Historical Perspectives

270

(1)

Applying the Nursing Process in Psychopharmacological Therapy

271

(21)

Antianxiety Agents

271

(3)

Antidepressants

274

(5)

Antimanic Agents

279

(4)

Antipsychotics

283

(6)

Sedative-Hypnotics

289

(1)

Central Nervous System Stimulants

290

(2)

Summary

292

(1)

Review Questions

293

(2)

References

295

(1)

Bibliography

295

(2)

Electroconvulsive Therapy

297

(10)

Introduction

298

(1)

Electroconvulsive Therapy Defined

298

(1)

Historical Perspectives

298

(1)

Indications

299

(1)

Major Depression

299

(1)

Mania

299

(1)

Schizophrenia

299

(1)

Other Conditions

299

(1)

Contraindications

299

(1)

Mechanism of Action

300

(1)

Side Effects

300

(1)

Risks Associated with Electroconvulsive Therapy

300

(1)

Mortality

300

(1)

Permanent Memory Loss

300

(1)

Brain Damage

300

(1)

The Role of the Nurse in Electroconvulsive Therapy

301

(2)

Assessment

301

(1)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

301

(1)

Planning/Implementation

301

(1)

Evaluation

302

(1)

Summary

303

(4)

Review Questions

303

(2)

References

305

(1)

Bibliography

305

(2)

UNIT THREE NURSING CARE OF CLIENTS WITH ALTERATIONS IN BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION

307

(392)

Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy Childhood or Adolescence

309

(30)

Introduction

310

(1)

Mental Retardation

310

(2)

Predisposing Factors

310

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

311

(1)

Autistic Disorder

312

(4)

Predisposing Factors

313

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

314

(2)

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

316

(5)

Predisposing Factors

317

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

318

(1)

Psychopharmacological Intervention

319

(2)

Conduct Disorder

321

(3)

Predisposing Factors

322

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

322

(2)

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

324

(4)

Predisposing Factors

324

(2)

Application of the Nursing Process

326

(2)

Tourette's Disorder

328

(3)

Predisposing Factors

328

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

328

(2)

Psychopharmacological Intervention

330

(1)

Separation Anxiety Disorder

331

(4)

Predisposing Factors

331

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

332

(3)

Summary

335

(1)

Review Questions

335

(2)

References

337

(1)

Bibliography

337

(2)

Delirium, Dementia and Amnestic Disorders

339

(18)

Introduction

340

(1)

Delirium

340

(1)

Predisposing Factors

340

(1)

Dementia

341

(4)

Predisposing Factors

342

(3)

Amnestic Disorders

345

(1)

Predisposing Factors

346

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

346

(4)

Assessment

346

(2)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

348

(1)

Planning/Implementation

348

(1)

Evaluation

348

(2)

Medical Treatment Modalities

350

(2)

Delirium

350

(1)

Dementia

350

(2)

Summary

352

(1)

Review Questions

353

(1)

References

354

(1)

Bibliography

355

(2)

Substance-Related Disorders

357

(48)

Introduction

358

(1)

Substance-Use Disorders

358

(1)

Substance Abuse

358

(1)

DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Abuse

358

(1)

Substance Dependence

358

(1)

DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Dependence

359

(1)

Substance-Induced Disorders

359

(1)

Substance Intoxication

359

(1)

DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Intoxication

359

(1)

Substance Withdrawal

359

(1)

DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Withdrawal

360

(1)

Classes of Psychoactive Substances

360

(1)

Predisposing Factors

360

(2)

Biological Factors

360

(1)

Psychological Factors

360

(1)

Sociocultural Factors

361

(1)

The Dynamics of Substance-Related Disorders

362

(19)

Alcohol Abuse and Dependence

362

(3)

Alcohol Intoxication

365

(1)

Alcohol Withdrawal

365

(1)

Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Abuse and Dependence

365

(3)

Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication

368

(1)

Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Withdrawal

369

(1)

CNS Stimulant Abuse and Dependence

369

(3)

CNS Stimulant Intoxication

372

(1)

CNS Stimulant Withdrawal

372

(1)

Opioid Abuse and Dependence

372

(2)

Opioid Intoxication

374

(1)

Opioid Withdrawal

375

(1)

Hallucinogen Abuse and Dependence

375

(2)

Hallucinogen Intoxication

377

(1)

Cannabis Abuse and Dependence

377

(2)

Cannabis Intoxication

379

(2)

Application of the Nursing Process

381

(6)

Assessment

381

(2)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

383

(2)

Planning/Implementation

385

(2)

Evaluation

387

(1)

The Impaired Nurse

387

(5)

Codependency

392

(2)

The Codependent Nurse

393

(1)

Treating Codependence

393

(1)

Treatment Modalities for Substance-Related Disorders

394

(4)

Alcoholics Anonymous

394

(1)

Alcohol Deterrent Therapy

395

(1)

Counseling

396

(1)

Group Therapy

397

(1)

Psychopharmacology for Substance Intoxication and Substance Withdrawal

397

(1)

Summary

398

(2)

Review Questions

400

(1)

References

401

(2)

Bibliography

403

(2)

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

405

(30)

Introduction

406

(1)

Nature of the Disorder

406

(1)

Predisposing Factors

407

(4)

Biological Influences

407

(2)

Psychological Influences

409

(1)

Environmental Influences

410

(1)

The Transactional Model

411

(1)

Types of Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders

411

(4)

Disorganized Schizophrenia

411

(1)

Catatonic Schizophrenia

411

(1)

Paranoid Schizophrenia

411

(2)

Undifferentiated Schizophrenia

413

(1)

Residual Schizophrenia

413

(1)

Schizoaffective Disorder

413

(1)

Brief Psychotic Disorder

413

(1)

Schizophreniform Disorder

413

(1)

Delusional Disorder

414

(1)

Shared Psychotic Disorder

414

(1)

Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition

414

(1)

Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder

415

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

415

(5)

Background Assessment Data

415

(4)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

419

(1)

Planning/Implementation

420

(1)

Evaluation

420

(1)

Treatment Modalities for Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders

420

(9)

Psychological Treatments

420

(7)

Social Treatment

427

(1)

Organic Treatment

428

(1)

Summary

429

(2)

Review Questions

431

(1)

References

432

(1)

Bibliography

433

(2)

Mood Disorders

435

(46)

Introduction

436

(1)

Historical Perspective

436

(1)

Epidemiology

436

(1)

Gender

437

(1)

Age

437

(1)

Social Class

437

(1)

Race

437

(1)

Marital Status

437

(1)

Seasonality

437

(1)

The Grief Response

437

(4)

Stages of Grief

438

(2)

Length of the Grief Process

440

(1)

Anticipatory Grief

440

(1)

Maladaptive Responses to Loss

441

(1)

Delayed or Inhibited Grief

441

(1)

Prolonged Grief

441

(1)

Exaggerated Grief Response

441

(1)

Normal versus Maladaptive Grieving

442

(1)

Types of Mood Disorders

442

(4)

Depressive Disorders

442

(1)

Bipolar Disorders

443

(3)

Other Mood Disorders

446

(1)

Depressive Disorders

446

(7)

Predisposing Factors

446

(3)

Developmental Implications

449

(4)

Application of the Nursing Process to Depressive Disorders

453

(5)

Background Assessment Data

453

(2)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

455

(1)

Planning/Implementation

456

(1)

Evaluation of Care for the Depressed Client

456

(2)

Bipolar Disorder (Mania)

458

(5)

Predisposing Factors

458

(5)

Application of the Nursing Process to Bipolar Disorder (Mania)

463

(3)

Background Assessment Data

463

(2)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

465

(1)

Planning/Implementation

466

(1)

Evaluation of Care for the Manic Client

466

(1)

Treatment Modalities for Mood Disorders

466

(8)

Psychological Treatments

466

(6)

Organic Treatments

472

(2)

Summary

474

(2)

Review Questions

476

(2)

References

478

(1)

Bibliography

479

(2)

Anxiety Disorders

481

(36)

Introduction

482

(1)

Historical Aspects

482

(1)

Epidemiological Statistics

482

(1)

How Much is too Much?

483

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

483

(25)

Panic Disorder

483

(1)

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

484

(4)

Phobias

488

(7)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

495

(3)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

498

(7)

Anxiety Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition

505

(3)

Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder

508

(1)

Treatment Modalities

508

(4)

Individual Psychotherapy

508

(1)

Cognitive Therapy

508

(1)

Behavior Therapy

509

(1)

Implosion Therapy (Flooding)

510

(1)

Group/Family Therapy

510

(1)

Psychopharmacology

510

(2)

Summary

512

(1)

Review Questions

513

(2)

References

515

(1)

Bibliography

515

(2)

Somatoform and Sleep Disorders

517

(34)

Introduction

518

(1)

Historical Aspects

518

(1)

Epidemiological Statistics

518

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

519

(23)

Somatization Disorder

519

(3)

Pain Disorder

522

(4)

Hypochondriasis

526

(6)

Conversion Disorder

532

(3)

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

535

(4)

Sleep Disorders

539

(3)

Treatment Modalities

542

(3)

Somatoform Disorders

542

(2)

Sleep Disorders

544

(1)

Summary

545

(1)

Review Questions

546

(2)

References

548

(1)

Bibliography

549

(2)

Dissociative Disorders

551

(24)

Introduction

552

(1)

Historical Aspects

552

(1)

Epidemiological Statistics

552

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

553

(15)

Dissociative Amnesia

553

(4)

Dissociative Fugue

557

(2)

Dissociative Identity Disorder

559

(5)

Depersonalization Disorder

564

(4)

Treatment Modalities

568

(2)

Dissociative Amnesia

568

(1)

Dissociative Fugue

568

(1)

Dissociative Identity Disorder

568

(2)

Depersonalization Disorder

570

(1)

Summary

570

(2)

Review Questions

572

(1)

References

573

(1)

Bibliography

574

(1)

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

575

(34)

Introduction

576

(1)

Development of Human Sexuality

576

(2)

Birth Through Age 12

576

(1)

Adolescence

577

(1)

Adulthood

577

(1)

Sexual Disorders

578

(19)

Paraphilias

578

(5)

Sexual Dysfunctions

583

(12)

Gender Identity Disorders

595

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process to Gender Identity Disorders

596

(1)

Alternative Sexual Lifestyles

597

(5)

Homosexuality

597

(3)

Transsexualism

600

(2)

Bisexuality

602

(1)

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

602

(2)

Summary

604

(1)

Review Questions

605

(2)

References

607

(1)

Bibliography

608

(1)

Eating Disorders

609

(18)

Introduction

610

(1)

Epidemiological Factors

610

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

611

(6)

Background Assessment Data (Symptomatology)

611

(1)

Predisposing Factors to Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

612

(1)

Predisposing Factors to Obesity

613

(2)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

615

(1)

Planning/Implementation

615

(1)

Evaluation

615

(2)

Treatment Modalities

617

(6)

Behavior Modification

617

(2)

Individual Therapy

619

(1)

Family Therapy

619

(1)

Psychopharmacology

619

(4)

Summary

623

(1)

Review Questions

623

(2)

References

625

(1)

Bibliography

625

(2)

Adjustment and Impulse Control Disorders

627

(20)

Introduction

628

(1)

Historical and Epidemiological Factors

628

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

628

(12)

Adjustment Disorders

628

(6)

Impulse Control Disorders

634

(6)

Treatment Modalities

640

(3)

Adjustment Disorders

640

(2)

Impulse Control Disorders

642

(1)

Summary

643

(1)

Review Questions

644

(2)

References

646

(1)

Bibliography

646

(1)

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

647

(22)

Introduction

648

(1)

Historical Aspects

649

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

649

(11)

Background Assessment Data: Types of Psychophysiological Disorders

649

(8)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

657

(1)

Planning/Implementation

658

(2)

Evaluation

660

(1)

Treatment Modalities

660

(5)

Asthma

660

(1)

Cancer

661

(1)

Coronary Heart Disease

662

(1)

Peptic Ulcer

662

(1)

Essential Hypertension

663

(1)

Migraine Headache

663

(1)

Rheumatoid Arthritis

664

(1)

Ulcerative Colitis

665

(1)

Summary

665

(2)

Review Questions

667

(1)

References

667

(2)

Personality Disorders

669

(30)

Introduction

670

(1)

Historical Aspects

670

(2)

Types of Personality Disorders

672

(10)

Paranoid Personality Disorder

672

(1)

Schizoid Personality Disorder

673

(1)

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

674

(1)

Antisocial Personality Disorder

675

(1)

Borderline Personality Disorder

675

(1)

Histrionic Personality Disorder

676

(1)

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

677

(1)

Avoidant Personality Disorder

678

(1)

Dependent Personality Disorder

679

(1)

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

680

(1)

Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder

681

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

682

(8)

Borderline Personality Disorder

682

(6)

Antisocial Personality Disorder

688

(2)

Treatment Modalities

690

(4)

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

693

(1)

Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy

693

(1)

Milieu or Group Therapy

693

(1)

Behavior Therapy

693

(1)

Psychopharmacology

694

(1)

Summary

694

(1)

Review Questions

695

(2)

References

697

(1)

Bibliography

698

(1)

UNIT FOUR SPECIAL TOPICS IN PSYCHIATRIC/MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

699

(150)

The Aging Individual

701

(30)

Introduction

702

(1)

How Old is Old?

702

(2)

Epidemiological Statistics

703

(1)

The Population

703

(1)

Marital Status

703

(1)

Living Arrangements

703

(1)

Economic Status

703

(1)

Employment

703

(1)

Health Status

703

(1)

Theories of Aging

704

(1)

Biological Theories

704

(1)

Psychosocial Theories

704

(1)

Personality Theories

705

(1)

The Normal Aging Process

705

(7)

Biological Aspects of Aging

705

(3)

Psychological Aspects of Aging

708

(2)

Sociocultural Aspects of Aging

710

(1)

Sexual Aspects of Aging

711

(1)

Special Concerns of the Elderly

712

(5)

Retirement

712

(2)

Long-Term Care

714

(1)

Elder Abuse

715

(2)

Suicide

717

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

717

(7)

Assessment

717

(1)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

718

(1)

Planning/Implementation

719

(1)

Evaluation

719

(5)

Summary

724

(1)

Review Questions

725

(2)

References

727

(1)

Bibliography

728

(3)

The Individual With HIV/AIDS

731

(30)

Introduction

732

(1)

Pathophysiology Incurred by the HIV Virus

732

(2)

Normal Immune Response

732

(1)

The Immune Response to HIV

732

(2)

Historical Aspects

734

(1)

Epidemiological Statistics

735

(1)

Predisposing Factors

735

(2)

Sexual Transmission

735

(1)

Bloodborne Transmission

736

(1)

Perinatal Transmission

736

(1)

Other Possible Modes of Transmission

737

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

737

(12)

Background Assessment Data

737

(6)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

743

(1)

Planning/Implementation

743

(1)

Evaluation

743

(6)

Treatment Modalities

749

(6)

Pharmacology

749

(3)

Universal Infection Precautions

752

(1)

Hospice Care

753

(2)

Summary

755

(1)

Review Questions

756

(1)

References

757

(3)

Bibliography

760

(1)

Problems Related to Abuse or Neglect

761

(20)

Introduction

762

(1)

Historical Perspectives

762

(1)

Predisposing Factors

763

(1)

Biological Theories

763

(1)

Psychological Theories

763

(1)

Sociocultural Theories

764

(1)

Application of The Nursing Process

764

(10)

Background Assessment Data

764

(7)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

771

(1)

Planning/Implementation

771

(1)

Evaluation

771

(3)

Treatment Modalities

774

(2)

Crisis Intervention

774

(1)

The Safe House or Shelter

775

(1)

Family Therapy

775

(1)

Summary

776

(1)

Review Questions

776

(2)

References

778

(2)

Bibliography

780

(1)

Community Mental Health Nursing

781

(38)

Introduction

782

(1)

The Changing Focus Of Care

782

(31)

The Public Health Model

783

(2)

The Role of the Nurse

785

(1)

The Psychiatric/Mental Health Registered Nurse

785

(1)

The Psychiatric/Mental Health Advanced Practice Registered Nurse

785

(1)

Case Management

786

(1)

The Community as Client

787

(1)

Primary Prevention

787

(6)

Secondary Prevention

793

(4)

Tertiary Prevention

797

(14)

Rural Mental Health Nursing

811

(2)

Summary

813

(1)

Review Questions

813

(2)

References

815

(1)

Bibliography

816

(3)

Cultural Concepts Relevant to Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

819

(14)

Introduction

820

(1)

How Do Cultures Differ?

820

(1)

Communication

820

(1)

Space

820

(1)

Social Organization

821

(1)

Time

821

(1)

Environmental Control

821

(1)

Biological Variations

821

(1)

Application of the Nursing Process

821

(7)

Background Assessment Data

821

(6)

Diagnosis/Outcome Identification

827

(1)

Planning/Implementation

828

(1)

Evaluation

828

(1)

Summary

828

(1)

Review Questions

829

(2)

References

831

(1)

Bibliography

832

(1)

Ethical and Legal Issues in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

833

(16)

Introduction

834

(1)

Definitions

834

(1)

Ethical Considerations

835

(5)

Theoretical Perspectives

835

(1)

Ethical Dilemmas

836

(1)

Ethical Principles

837

(1)

A Model for Making Ethical Decisions

837

(1)

Ethical Issues in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

838

(2)

Legal Considerations

840

(6)

Nurse Practice Acts

840

(1)

Types of Law

840

(1)

Classifications Within Statutory and Common Law

841

(1)

Legal Issues in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing

841

(3)

Nursing Liability

844

(2)

Summary

846

(1)

Review Questions

847

(1)

References

848

(1)

Bibliography

848

(1)

Appendix A Answers to Chapter Review Questions

849

(10)

Appendix B Mental Status Assessment

859

(4)

Appendix C Glossary

863

(16)

Index

879


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