| Preface |
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| PART I PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS IN SOIL |
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Soil Formation and Composition |
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1 | (28) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (3) |
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5 | (8) |
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Solids Composition and Characterization |
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13 | (5) |
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18 | (7) |
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Role of Composition in Engineering Behavior of Soils |
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25 | (4) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (32) |
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29 | (1) |
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Different Scales of Soil Structure |
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30 | (3) |
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Pore Sizes Associated with Soil Structure |
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33 | (3) |
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Single-Particle Arrangements |
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36 | (7) |
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Gouy-Chapman Theory of the Double Layer |
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43 | (4) |
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Forces of Interaction Between Clay Particles |
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47 | (4) |
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Structure Variations due to Consolidation and Compaction |
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51 | (4) |
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Role of Soil Structure in the Engineering Behavior of Soils |
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55 | (6) |
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58 | (3) |
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61 | (52) |
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61 | (1) |
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Energy States of Water in Soil |
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62 | (4) |
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Principles of Flow in Saturated Soils |
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66 | (13) |
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Governing Equation for Saturated Flow |
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79 | (2) |
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Special Cases of Saturated Flow |
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81 | (7) |
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Principles of Flow in Unsaturated Soils |
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88 | (7) |
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Governing Equation for Unsaturated Flow |
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95 | (2) |
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Analytical Solutions of Steady and Transient Flow in Soils |
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97 | (16) |
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108 | (5) |
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Mass Transport and Transfer in Soils |
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113 | (44) |
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113 | (1) |
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Mass Transport Mechanisms |
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114 | (5) |
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119 | (18) |
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Governing Equation for Mass Transport |
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137 | (2) |
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Solutions for Special Cases of Mass Transport |
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139 | (12) |
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Survey of Computer Software for Mass Transport and Transfer Modeling |
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151 | (6) |
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154 | (3) |
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Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids in Soils |
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157 | (40) |
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157 | (2) |
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Principles of NAPL Entrapment in Soils |
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159 | (8) |
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Conceptualization of Field-Scale Transport of NAPLs |
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167 | (6) |
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Phase Diagram for Soil--Water--LNAPL--Air Systems |
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173 | (5) |
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Modeling Transport of NAPLs in Soils |
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178 | (6) |
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Mobilization of Residual NAPLs |
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184 | (5) |
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189 | (8) |
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195 | (2) |
| PART II CONTAMINATED SITE TREATMENT TECHNIQUES |
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Site Characterization and Contaminant Release Mechanisms |
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197 | (46) |
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Site Contamination Scenarios |
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197 | (3) |
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Characterization of Contaminated Sites |
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200 | (22) |
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Geostatistical Applications |
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222 | (4) |
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Contaminant Release Mechanisms: Vaporization |
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226 | (8) |
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Contaminant Release Mechanisms: Dusting |
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234 | (1) |
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Contaminant Release Mechanisms: Leaching |
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235 | (8) |
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240 | (3) |
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Technical Basis for Treatment Technique Selection |
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243 | (22) |
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Identification of Hazardous Wastes |
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243 | (6) |
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Introduction to Exposure Assessment |
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249 | (8) |
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Risk-Based Estimation of Required Clean-Up Levels |
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257 | (8) |
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263 | (2) |
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Principles of Site and Geomaterial Treatment Techniques |
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265 | (98) |
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265 | (1) |
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In-Situ Versus Ex-Situ Treatment |
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266 | (1) |
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Basis for Treatment Technology Selection |
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266 | (3) |
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Pump-and-Treat Principles |
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269 | (23) |
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292 | (1) |
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Volatilization and Air Pressurization Principles |
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293 | (7) |
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In-Situ Vitrification Principles |
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300 | (6) |
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In-Situ Chemical Treatment in Reactive Walls |
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306 | (10) |
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Solidification/Stabilization (Ex-Situ) Principles |
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316 | (13) |
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Ex-Situ Chemical Treatment Principles |
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329 | (8) |
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In-Situ Natural Attenuation Principles |
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337 | (8) |
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In-Situ Phytoremediation Principles |
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345 | (5) |
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In-Situ Bioremediation Principles |
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350 | (7) |
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357 | (6) |
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357 | (6) |
| PART III WASTE CONTAINMENT |
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Containment System Implementation |
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363 | (24) |
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Essentials of Waste Containment |
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363 | (5) |
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Hydraulic and Physical Containment |
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368 | (4) |
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Containment Effects on Source Terms |
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372 | (2) |
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Containment Site Selection Techniques |
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374 | (6) |
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Containment Site Improvement |
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380 | (7) |
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385 | (2) |
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Configurations of Containment Systems |
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387 | (16) |
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387 | (3) |
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390 | (3) |
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Drainage Trenches and Wells |
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393 | (3) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (2) |
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399 | (4) |
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400 | (3) |
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Elements of Containment System Design |
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403 | (50) |
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403 | (1) |
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404 | (2) |
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Water Balance in Waste Containment Systems |
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406 | (13) |
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Leachate Collection and Removal Systems (LCRS) |
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419 | (5) |
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Flow and Transport Through Barriers |
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424 | (12) |
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Stability of Waste Containment Systems |
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436 | (17) |
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449 | (4) |
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Barrier Composition and Performance |
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453 | (32) |
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Containment System Performance Elements |
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453 | (1) |
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System Performance Pattern |
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454 | (6) |
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Types of Barrier Materials |
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460 | (4) |
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Material Deterioration Mechanisms |
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464 | (13) |
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System Performance Monitoring Techniques |
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477 | (8) |
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480 | (5) |
| Index |
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485 | |
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