| Preface |
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x | |
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Introduction: The Battle of Basic Assumptions |
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1 | (21) |
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1 | (3) |
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4 | (18) |
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Metaphysical, Nomothetic and Ontological Approaches |
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4 | (2) |
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Radical Politics--or just Nihilism? |
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6 | (3) |
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The Nature of Societies: Past, Present and Future |
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9 | (1) |
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The Cultural Construction of Knowledge--and Everything Else |
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10 | (1) |
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Language: History a Branch of Literature |
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11 | (2) |
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Textuality--the Alleged Existence Thereof |
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13 | (1) |
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Disagreements Among Historians |
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14 | (4) |
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What Precisely is the Danger? |
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18 | (4) |
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History: Essential Knowledge about the Past |
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22 | (29) |
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The Past, History, and Sources |
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22 | (9) |
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22 | (4) |
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Primary and Secondary Sources |
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26 | (2) |
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Defining `History' and `Historiography' |
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28 | (3) |
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The Necessity for History |
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31 | (7) |
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History: A Social Necessity |
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31 | (4) |
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Other Justifications for History |
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35 | (3) |
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The auteur Theory of History and the Question of Subjectivity |
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38 | (13) |
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38 | (2) |
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Relativism: R. G. Collingwood |
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40 | (4) |
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The Subjectivity Question |
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44 | (7) |
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How the Discipline of History Evolved: From Thucydides to Langlois and Seignobos |
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51 | (37) |
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From Ancient Athens to the Enlightenment |
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51 | (10) |
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The Exemplar History of the Ancients |
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51 | (3) |
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54 | (1) |
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Renaissance Histories and Ancillary Techniques |
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55 | (3) |
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58 | (3) |
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Ranke: His Disciples and his Critics |
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61 | (9) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (5) |
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67 | (2) |
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Thierry, Michelet and de Tocqueville |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (4) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (3) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (5) |
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Macaulay and the Whig Historians |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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From Freeman to Tout and Acton |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (9) |
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79 | (1) |
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Scientific History? Langlois and Seignobos |
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80 | (4) |
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84 | (4) |
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How the Discipline of History Evolved: Through the Twentieth into the Twenty-First Century |
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88 | (64) |
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88 | (9) |
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The Three `New Histories' |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (2) |
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Founders of the Annales School; Febvre and Bloch |
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90 | (4) |
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Pirenne, Labrousse, Lefebvre |
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94 | (2) |
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Bloch's The Historian's Craft |
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96 | (1) |
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The Rise of the Sub-Histories |
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97 | (10) |
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Meinecke, Chabod and Ritter |
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97 | (1) |
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Early Labour and Economic Histories in Britain |
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98 | (3) |
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McIlwain, Namier and Elton |
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101 | (6) |
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Latter-day Marxism and Past and Present |
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107 | (12) |
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British Marxist Historiographers: Tosh and Carr |
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107 | (1) |
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The Frankfurt School and Structuralism: The Cross-Fertilisation of Marxism |
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108 | (2) |
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`Western Marxism' and the Study of the French Revolution |
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110 | (4) |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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Annales: The Second and Third Generations |
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119 | (7) |
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119 | (5) |
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Annales: The Third Generation |
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124 | (2) |
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New Economic History, New Social History, History of Science, New Cultural History |
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126 | (19) |
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126 | (3) |
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Historical Demography, Urban History, History of the Family, of Childhood and of Death |
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129 | (3) |
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Feminist History: History of Women |
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132 | (1) |
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The History of Science, Medicine and Technology |
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133 | (2) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (4) |
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142 | (1) |
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Microhistory: Menocchio the Miller |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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The Start of a New Century: Nothing Ruled Out |
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145 | (7) |
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The Historian at Work: Forget `Facts', Foreground Sources |
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152 | (43) |
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152 | (3) |
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Primary and Secondary Sources |
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155 | (9) |
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155 | (2) |
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The Hierarchy of Primary Sources; Bibliographies |
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157 | (2) |
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Relationship Between Primary and Secondary Sources: Footnotes |
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159 | (4) |
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Integrating Primary and Secondary Sources: Strategy |
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163 | (1) |
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The Immense Variety of Primary Sources |
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164 | (8) |
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Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Types of Primary Sources |
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164 | (2) |
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A Taxonomy of Primary Sources |
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166 | (6) |
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Witting and Unwitting Testimony |
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172 | (7) |
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A Catechism for the Analysis, Evaluation and Use of Primary Sources |
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179 | (6) |
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180 | (2) |
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Practising on One Example |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (10) |
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Use and Abuse of the Arts |
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185 | (4) |
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189 | (6) |
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The Historian at Work: The Communication of Historical Knowledge |
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195 | (46) |
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The Fundamentals of Good Writing |
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195 | (6) |
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Different Levels of Communication and the Basic Skill of Writing |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (3) |
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199 | (2) |
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Explanation, Periodisation, and Structure |
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201 | (12) |
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201 | (1) |
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Causes and Outcomes: The Elton Model |
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202 | (2) |
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Hierarchy of Explanatory Factors |
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204 | (2) |
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206 | (2) |
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Two Examples of Structures |
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208 | (5) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (7) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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`Gender', `Patriarchy', `Moral Panics', and so on |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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Quotations and Scholarly Apparatus |
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221 | (6) |
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221 | (3) |
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Identifying Quotations: Footnotes |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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Types of Historical Communication: From Scholarly Monograph to Museums, Films and Television |
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227 | (14) |
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Levels of Historical Communication: `Public History' |
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227 | (1) |
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The PhD Thesis or Dissertation |
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228 | (1) |
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Monographs and Learned Articles |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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Some Examples of Public History |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (5) |
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238 | (3) |
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Theory, the Sciences, the Humanities |
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241 | (25) |
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History, Theory, the Sciences |
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241 | (19) |
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241 | (3) |
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The Nature of Scientific Theory |
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244 | (3) |
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247 | (2) |
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History as an Autonomous Discipline |
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249 | (1) |
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Postmodernist Metaphysics |
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250 | (2) |
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252 | (1) |
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Compromising with Postmodernism |
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253 | (7) |
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History, Sociobiology, Social Sciences and Humanities |
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260 | (6) |
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260 | (1) |
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Economics, Political Science, Social Psychology |
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261 | (1) |
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History's Place in the University |
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262 | (1) |
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History is NOT Literature |
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262 | (4) |
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Conclusion: Crisis, What Crisis? |
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266 | (8) |
| Appendix A: An Example of Learning Outcomes for a History Degree |
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274 | (3) |
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1 Knowledge and Understanding |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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4 Professional and Practical Skills |
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275 | (2) |
| Appendix B: Examples of Aims and Objectives |
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277 | (2) |
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1 Aims of the Open University Course Total War and Social Change: Europe 1914--1955 |
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277 | (1) |
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2 Objectives for Unit 13, `Challenges to Central Government, 1660s to 1714', from the Open University Course Princes and Peoples: The British Isles and France c. 1630--1714 |
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278 | (1) |
| Appendix C: Writing History |
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279 | (8) |
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1 Planning a History Essay |
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279 | (3) |
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2 Guidance on Writing an Essay |
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282 | (1) |
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3 A Brief Guide to Referencing for Historians |
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283 | (4) |
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| Appendix D: Glossary |
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287 | (10) |
| Further Reading |
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297 | (12) |
| Index |
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309 | |