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Cover Art for Land Tenure, Technological Change And Resource Use: Transformation Processes In African Agrarian Systems
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Land Tenure, Technological Change And Resource Use: Transformation Processes In African Agrarian Systems
Author(s): Kirk, Michael
ISBN10:  3631300379
ISBN13:  9783631300374
Format:  Paperback
Pub. Date:  5/1/1999
Publisher(s): Peter Lang Pub Inc

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Table of Contents
Introduction
1(8)
Outline of the Problem
1(2)
Objectives of the Study
3(2)
Methodological Procedure
5(4)
Theoretical Background and Analytical Framework
9(160)
Definition and Delimitation of Terminology
9(12)
Problems in Classifying Tenure Related Institutions
9(1)
Agrarian Structure
10(1)
Land Tenure
11(1)
Systems of Land Tensure
12(2)
Systems of Land Ownership
14(1)
Systems of Labor Organization
14(1)
Resource Tenure
15(1)
Conclusion: More Care Should Be Used When Employing the Term ``Land Tenure''
15(1)
Techniques/Technology
16(2)
Technical/Technological Progress/Change
18(1)
Resources
19(1)
Transformation
20(1)
Land Tenure: Institutional-theory Analysis Frame
21(83)
Institutions as a Periphery Case in Economics?
22(3)
Contributions Made by Sociological Institutional Theories
25(7)
Institutional Economics Theory
32(1)
Basic Ideas and Overview
32(9)
Transaction Costs and the Organization of Agriculture
41(7)
Interlinked Contracts in Tenancy and Other Agrarian Institutions
48(12)
Property Rights
60(7)
Property Regimes in Resources
67(3)
Private Property
70(5)
Common Property
75(11)
State Property
86(2)
Open Access Regimes
88(1)
Institutional Change from an Economic Standpoint
89(13)
Summary
102(2)
Technological Change and Agrarian Development in Africa
104(46)
Classifying and Measuring Technological Progress
106(1)
Treatment in Neoclassical Theory
106(5)
Technological Innovations in Agriculture
111(5)
Technology and Sectoral Change
116(7)
Technological Change and International Relations
123(1)
Significance for the ``Secular Deterioration in the Terms of Trade''
123(2)
Political Economy of Technology Transfer
125(9)
Induced Technological Change
134(3)
Relevance for Agriculture in Africa
137(11)
Summary
148(2)
Sustainable Resource Utilization: Institutional and Technological Conditions
150(19)
On the Concept of Sustainability
150(7)
Resource Conservation by Property Rights and Institutional Development
157(6)
Technological Change and the Conservation of the Natural Production Basis
163(4)
Summary
167(2)
Land Tenure in Africa: Functions, Changes and Problems of Institutional Change
169(118)
Problems of Phase Planning and of Borrowing Terms Unknown to African Culture
169(4)
Land Tenure in Pre-colonial Times
173(20)
Frame Conditions
173(1)
Leading Principles
174(10)
Institutional Regulations of Access to Land and Land Transfer
184(4)
Control and Sanctions by Authorities
188(2)
Relevance of Islamic Law
190(1)
Dynamics of Land Tenure Systems
191(2)
Colonial Influences
193(31)
Colonial Philosophy and Models of Land/Resource Tenure
193(5)
Market Integration, Tree Crops and Further Changes in Frame Conditions
198(3)
Legal Norms Based on European Law and Changes in Property Systems
201(9)
Settlement Policy
210(2)
The Effects of Centralist Colonial Administration on Land Tenure
212(3)
Dynamics of Land Tenure due to the Modernization of Agriculture
215(5)
Land Tenure and Resource Preservation
220(3)
Land Conflicts
223(1)
Land Tenure at Present
224(60)
Changes in Frame Conditions Relevant to Land Tenure
225(4)
Influence Exercised by the State on Resource Tenure Systems
229(1)
Justification and Forms of State Intervention
229(4)
Arable Land
233(1)
Promotion of Registered Private Property
233(5)
The Primacy of Land Nationalization
238(2)
Pastures
240(3)
Forests
243(1)
Water
244(1)
Conclusions
244(2)
Efficiency and Limitations of Institutions Concerned with Access to Land and its Transfer
246(6)
Gender-specific Property Rights in Resources
252(3)
Land Reform, Settlement and Irrigation Programmes
255(1)
On the Importance of Land Reforms in Africa
255(2)
Types of Land Reforms: Country Cases
257(5)
(Re-) Settlement Programmes
262(2)
Large-scale Irrigation Projects
264(1)
Integration of Land Tenure into a Broader Framework of Economic Order
265(5)
Superimposition and Decay of Land Tenure Institutions, Social Conflicts and Political Instability
270(1)
Superimposition and Parallelism of Land Tenure Systems
270(2)
Erosion and Decay of Land Tenure Institutions
272(3)
Emergence of Social Conflicts and Political Instability
275(5)
Land Tenure Systems and Resource Protection
280(4)
Summary
284(3)
Land Tenure and Technological Change: Selected African Agrarian Systems and Country Case Studies
287(92)
Cropping Systems in Savanna Regions: Case Studies from Central and West Africa
287(21)
Environmental Conditions
287(3)
Introduction of Technological Innovations
290(1)
Diffusion of New Crops
291(1)
Tractor Mechanization
291(1)
Utilization of Animal Traction
292(2)
Interaction with Land Tenure Institutions
294(1)
On the Importance of Specified, Exclusive Property Rights
294(3)
Tenancy Relations
297(2)
The Growing Importance of Interlinked Contracts
299(1)
Effects on Smallholders' Farming Systems
300(1)
Intensification of Land Use and Access to Land
301(1)
Systems of Labor Organization and Resource Utilization
302(2)
Socio-economic Differentiation
304(1)
Preservation of Natural Resources
305(2)
Summary
307(1)
Livestock Keeping Systems in Semi-arid Regions: Empirical Evidence from the Butana/East Sudan
308(35)
Framework Conditions
308(2)
Changes in Land Tenure Institutions
310(1)
Importance of Common Property in the Course of History
310(4)
Concentration of Property Rights in the Hands of the State
314(101)
The Government as the Cause of the Tragedy of the Commons
415
Individualization and Privatization of Water and Arable Land
316(3)
Large-scale Irrigation Schemes as Technological and Institutional Innovations
319(1)
Tenancy in Irrigated Areas
320(2)
Rights to Agricultural By-products
322(1)
Technological Change in the Agrarian Sector
322(1)
The Implication of Large Scale Mechanization on Land Tenure Systems
323(3)
New Fodder Resources from Irrigation Schemes and Mechanized Rainfed Agriculture
326(1)
Modern Means of Transport
327(1)
Advances in Veterinary Medicine
327(1)
Living Conditions and Prospects of Livestock Keepers
328(1)
Access to Resources through Networks or Markets?
328(2)
Processes of Social and Economic Differentiation
330(8)
Institutional Conditions for Sustainable Resource Use
338(1)
Interaction Between Livestock Keeping and Agriculture
339(1)
Restoration of Rights to Resources
339(2)
Implications of the Agricultural Policy
341(1)
Summary
342(1)
Benin: Change in (Land) Tenure Systems, Agricultural Policy and Conditions for Environment-oriented Policy Reforms
343(36)
Concerning the Importance of Autochthonous Land Tenure Systems
344(1)
Principles for Sustainable Resource Use
344(3)
Regional and Socio-cultural Differentiation: Three Case Studies
347(3)
Conclusions
350(1)
Land Legislation, Institutional Environment and Economic Order
351(1)
Land Registration
352(1)
Livestock Keeping and Use of Pastures
353(1)
Urban Land Tenure System
353(1)
State Farms and Land of Cooperatives
354(1)
State Forests and National Parks
355(1)
Growing Integration of Environmental Aspects into Policies to build up the Institutional Environment
356(2)
Problems of Land Tenure and Sustainable Resource Management
358(1)
Decreasing Capacity of Autochthonous Institutions to Preserve Resources in the North
358(1)
Commercialization and Individualization of Property Relations in Central Benin
359(2)
Asian Conditions in the South
361(1)
Legal Insecurity of Private Property
362(1)
Insecure Rights of Use
363(1)
Planting of Trees and Property Rights
364(1)
Increased Resource Conflicts
365(1)
On the Interdependence of Land Tenure, Preservation of Resources and Agricultural (Research) Policy
366(1)
Land Tenure and State Divestiture: Former State Farms and Cooperatives
367(1)
Effects of Urbanization on the Village Environment
368(1)
Conflicts Regarding Property Rights on Forest Resources
369(1)
Autochthonous Resource Management in Lagoon Fishery
370(1)
Environment-oriented Land Tenure Reforms
371(6)
Summary
377(2)
On the Interdependence of Land Tenure and Technological Change: Influences on Extent and Dynamics of the Transformation of African Agrarian Systems
379(28)
Land Tenure Impacts and Technological Change
379(16)
Influence of Various Land Tenure Systems
380(1)
Owner-occupied Registered Private Property in Crop Farming Systems
380(3)
Owner-occupied Informal Private Property in Crop Farming Systems
383(1)
Permanent Rights of Utilization in Savanna Regions
384(1)
Tenancy on Registered and Informal Landed Property
385(2)
Large State Farms
387(1)
Tenancy Systems on State Land and Large Projects
388(2)
Livestock Keeping Systems Caught in the Discrepancy Between Common and State Property and Open Access to Resources
390(1)
Private Property and Livestock Keeping Systems
391(1)
Land Tenure and Securing Credits for Technological Innovations
391(2)
Future Developments
393(1)
Summarizing Evaluation
394(1)
Infuences of Technological Change on the Land Tenure System
395(3)
Mechanization in Crop Farming
395(1)
Seed-Fertilizer Technology
396(1)
Technological Innovations in Livestock Keeping and Property Rights in Water and Grazing Land
397(1)
Technological Progress in Large Agricultural Projects
398(1)
Destabilization of Common Property Regimes Caused by Institutional and Technological Change
398(4)
Individual Calculations and Group Claims
399(2)
Uniform Rights and Technology Versus Local Specificity
401(1)
Differentiating Existing and Developing New Agrarian Systems
402(3)
Summarizing Evaluation
405(2)
Land Tenure and Technological Conditions for Resource Conserving Agrarian Development
407(22)
Future Forms of Land Tenure
407(16)
Economic, Legal and Political Frame
407(3)
Orientations for Land Tenure Change Processes
410(2)
Organization of Secure Property Rights in Resources
412(1)
On Institutional Capacities at Various Levels
413(2)
Possibilities Inherent in Various Forms of Property
415(3)
Secure Property Rights in Tenancy Relations
418(1)
Incentives for Productivity Increases and Resource Conservation
419(1)
Flexibility in the Transferring of Rights
420(1)
Cooperation and Common Property
420(2)
Interdependence with the Labor Organization System
422(1)
Demands on Technological Change
423(1)
Land Tenure, Technological Change and Additional Policy Fields
424(4)
Agricultural Policy
424(2)
Tax Policies
426(1)
Urban Planning and Regional Policy
426(1)
Decentralization
427(1)
Summary
428(1)
Conclusion
429(1)
References 429(48)
Index 477

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