Brain Drain and Brain Gain The Global Competition to Attract High-Skilled Migrants

by Boeri, Tito; Brucker, Herbert; Doquier, Frederic; Rapoport, Hillel

• ISBN13: 9780199654826
• ISBN10: 0199654824
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-09-29
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

The worldwide race to attract talents is getting tougher. The US has been leading the race, with its ability to attract PhD candidates and graduates not only from emerging countries, but also from the European Union. However, a growing number of countries have adopted immigration policies specifically aimed at selecting and attracting skilled workers. This book describes the global competition to attract talents. It focuses in particular on two phenomena: the brain gain and brain drain associated with high-skilled migration. Part I provides an overview of immigration policies designed to draw in skilled workers. It describes the economic gains associated with skilled immigration in the destination countries and the main determinants of the inflows of skilled immigrants (such as wage premia on education and R&D spending). It also discusses why skill-selective immigration policies do not find more support in receiving countries and shows that interest groups are actively engaged in affecting policies towards skilled migrants. Part II examines the consequences of brain drain for the sending countries. It reviews the channels through which skilled emigration can affect the source countries and looks at remittances, return migration, diaspora externalities, and network effects that may compensate the sending countries for their loss of human capital. Contrary to traditional wisdom, the results indicate that most developing countries experience a net gain from skilled emigration.

Table of Contents

Introduction, Tito Boeri
Part I: Understanding Highly Skilled Migration in Developed Countries: The Upcoming Battle for Brains Simone Bertoli, Herbert Brucker, Giovanni Facchini, Anna Maria Mayda, and Giovanni Peri
Introduction
1. Selecting the Highly Skilled: An Overview on Current Policy Approaches
2. Global Trends in High Skilled Immigration
3. The Determinants of Highly Skilled Migration: Evidence from OECD Countries, 1980 - 2005
4. The effects of Brain Gain on Growth, Investment, and Employment: Evidence from OECD Countries, 1980 - 2005
5. The Political Economy of Skilled Immigration
6. Can the Battle for Brains turn into a Tragedy of the Commons?
7. Conclusions
Comments by Sasha Becker and Franco Peracchi
Part II: Quantifying the Impact of Highly-Skilled Emigration on Developing Countries Frederic Docquier and Hillel Rapoport
Introduction
8. The Size of the Brain Drain
9. Theory, Evidence, and Implications
10. Policy Issues
11. Conclusions
Comments by Antonio Spilimbergo and Alessandra Venturini