Business Law and the Regulation of Business

by Mann, Richard A.; Roberts, Barry S.

• ISBN13: 9780324270747
• ISBN10: 0324270747
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-02-25
• Publisher: South-Western College/West

Summary

This text provides a concise explanation of the statutory and case law that affects business with the objective of enabling students to use the law as a source for business decision-making. Excellent preparation for CPA exams and numerous critical thinking features are particular strengths of this text. This sixth edition continues the tradition of authoritative, accurate, and up-to-date presentation of the law.

Author Biography

Barry S. Roberts is currently professor of Business Law at the Kenan-Flagler School of Business, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Richard A. Mann is currently professor of Business Law at the Kenan-Flagler School of Business, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and is past president of the Southeastern Regional Business Law Association.

Table of Contents

PART I Introduction to Law and Ethics	1	(38)
1 Introduction to Law	2	(14)
Nature of Law	2	(1)
Classification of Law	3	(2)
Sources of Law	5	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Civil and Criminal Law	5	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Law and Equity	8	(2)
Legal Analysis	9	(1)
CONSUMER INSIGHT: Across the Globe: Four Major Legal Systems	10	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	11	(5)
2 Business Ethics	16	(23)
Law Versus Ethics	17	(1)
Ethical Theories	17	(2)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: The Aftermath of Bhopal	19	(21)
Ethical Standards in Business	20	(1)
Ethical Responsibilities of Business	21	(19)
Business Ethics Cases	28	(1)
Pharmakon Drug Company	28	(1)
Mykon's Dilemma	30	(1)
Oliver Winery, Inc.	33	(1)
JLM, Inc.	34	(1)
Sword Technology, Inc.	36	(3)
PART II The Legal Environment of Business	39	(124)
3 Civil Dispute Resolution	40	(26)
The Court System	40	(3)
The Federal Courts	40	(2)
State Courts	42	(1)
Jurisdiction	43	(4)
Subject Matter Jurisdiction	43	(4)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Subject Matter Jurisdiction	47	(8)
Jurisdiction over the Parties	47	(2)
Civil Dispute Resolution	49	(6)
Civil Procedure	50	(5)
THE LAW AND YOU	55	(3)
Alternative Dispute Resolution	57	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Adjudication, Arbitration, and Mediation/Conciliation	58	(8)
4 Constitutional Law	66	(19)
Basic Principles	67	(4)
Powers of Government	71	(3)
Limitations on Government	74	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Limitations on Government	75	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who Is Responsible for Commercial Speech?	76	(9)
5 Administrative Law	85	(15)
Operation of Administrative Agencies	86	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Administrative Rulemaking	89	(6)
Limits on Administrative Agencies	92	(3)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Should the Terminally Ill Be Asked to Await FDA Approval of Last-Chance Treatments?	95	(5)
6 Criminal Law	100	(17)
Nature of Crimes	101	(1)
Classification	102	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Degrees of Mental Fault	103	(9)
White-Collar Crime	104	(3)
Crimes Against Business	107	(3)
Defenses to Crimes	110	(1)
Criminal Procedure	110	(2)
THE LAW AND YOU	112	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Constitutional Protection for the Criminal Defendant	113	(4)
7 Intentional Torts	117	(22)
Harm to the Person	121	(3)
Harm to the Right of Dignity	124	(2)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Employee References and Liability for Defamation	126	(3)
Harm to Property	129	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Privacy	129	(3)
Harm to Economic Interests	130	(2)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What May One Do to Attract Clients from a Previous Employer?	132	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Intentional Torts	133	(6)
8 Negligence and Strict Liability	139	(24)
Negligence	139	(4)
Breach of Duty of Care	140	(3)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Are the Obligations of a Bartender to His Patrons?	143	(15)
Proximate Cause	148	(3)
Injury	151	(1)
Defenses to Negligence	151	(4)
Strict Liability	155	(3)
Activities Giving Rise to Strict Liability	155	(2)
Defenses to Strict Liability	157	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	158	(5)
PART III Contracts	163	(182)
9 Introduction to Contracts	164	(16)
Development of the Law of Contracts	164	(1)
Definition of Contract	165	(1)
Requirements of a Contract	166	(6)
Classification of Contracts	169	(3)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Can You Contract by Fax?	172	(5)
Promissory Estoppel	173	(2)
Quasi Contracts	175	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Contracts, Promissory Estoppel, and Quasi Contracts	177	(3)
10 Mutual Assent	180	(20)
Offer	181	(8)
Essentials of an Offer	181	(4)
Duration of Offers	185	(4)
Acceptance of Offer	189	(6)
Communication of Acceptance	189	(4)
Variant Acceptances	193	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	194	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Offer and Acceptance	195	(5)
11 Conduct Invalidating Assent	200	(20)
Duress	200	(3)
Undue Influence	203	(2)
Fraud	205	(4)
Non fraudulent Misrepresentation	209	(1)
Mistake	209	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Misrepresentation	210	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Conduct Invalidating Assent	212	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	213	(7)
12 Consideration	220	(19)
Legal Sufficiency	220	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Consideration in Unilateral and Bilateral Contracts	223	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Should a Spouse's Promise Be Legally Binding?	224	(15)
Bargained-For Exchange	230	(1)
Contracts Without Consideration	230	(9)
13 Illegal Bargains	239	(17)
Violations of Statutes	239	(4)
Violations of Public Policy	243	(7)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Is It Fair to Reserve the Right to Withhold Test Scores?	250	(1)
Effect of Illegality	250	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	251	(5)
14 Contractual Capacity	256	(16)
Minors	256	(8)
Incompetent Persons	264	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Should a Merchant Sell to One Who Lacks Capacity?	265	(2)
Intoxicated Persons	265	(2)
THE LAW AND YOU	267	(5)
15 Contracts in Writing	272	(22)
Statute of Frauds	272	(7)
Contracts Within the Statute of Frauds	273	(6)
CONCEPT REVIEW: The Statute of Frauds	279	(8)
Compliance with the Statute of Frauds	280	(2)
Effect of Noncompliance	282	(1)
Parol Evidence Rule	283	(3)
The Rule	283	(1)
Situations to Which the Rule Does Not Apply	284	(2)
Supplemental Evidence	286	(1)
Interpretation of Contracts	286	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What's (Wrong) in a Contract?	287	(7)
16 Third Parties to Contracts	294	(17)
Assignment of Rights	294	(6)
Delegation of Duties	300	(2)
Third-Party Beneficiary Contracts	302	(9)
17 Performance, Breach, and Discharge	311	(16)
Conditions	311	(4)
Discharge by Performance	315	(1)
Discharge by Breach	315	(2)
Discharge by Agreement of the Parties	317	(2)
Discharge by Operation of Law	319	(8)
18 Contract Remedies	327	(18)
Monetary Damages	328	(6)
Remedies in Equity	334	(2)
Restitution	336	(1)
Limitations on Remedies	337	(8)
PART IV Sales	345	(108)
19 Introduction to Sales and Leases	346	(21)
Nature of Sales and Leases	347	(7)
Definitions	347	(4)
Fundamental Principles of Article 2 and Article 2A	351	(3)
Formation of Sales and Lease Contracts	354	(1)
Manifestation of Mutual Assent	354	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Constitutes Unconscionability in a Business?	355	(5)
Consideration	358	(1)
Form of the Contract	358	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Contract Law Compared with Law of Sales	360	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	361	(6)
20 Performance	367	(20)
Performance by the Seller	367	(5)
Performance by the Buyer	372	(5)
Obligations of Both Parties	377	(2)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Should a Buyer Refuse to Perform a Contract Because a Legal Product May Be Unsafe?	379	(8)
21 Transfer of Title and Risk of Loss 387 Transfer of Title	387	(17)
Risk of Loss	393	(5)
Bulk Sales	398	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who Should Bear the Loss?	398	(6)
22 Product Liability: Warranties and Strict Liability	404	(26)
Warranties	405	(9)
Types of Warranties	405	(5)
Obstacles to Warranty Actions	410	(4)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Warranties	414	(6)
Strict Liability in Tort	414	(6)
Requirements of Strict Liability in Tort	415	(4)
Obstacles to Recovery	419	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: When Should a Company Order a Product Recall?	420	(1)
Restatement (Third) of Torts: Products Liability	421	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Product Liability	421	(1)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: A.H. Robins: What Went Wrong?	422	(8)
23 Sales Remedies	430	(23)
Remedies of the Seller	431	(5)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Remedies of the Seller	436	(6)
Remedies of the Buyer	437	(5)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Remedies of the Buyer	442	(6)
Contractual Provisions Affecting Remedies	442	(6)
CONSUMER INSIGHT: Warranty of Title: Who Pays Attorneys' Fees When a Dispute Arises?	448	(5)
PART V Negotiable Instruments	453	(102)
24 Form and Content	454	(16)
Negotiability	455	(1)
Types of Negotiable Instruments	456	(1)
Formal Requirements of Negotiable Instruments	457	(9)
THE LAW AND YOU	466	(4)
25 Transfer	470	(18)
Negotiation	470	(6)
Indorsements	476	(1)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Details of $1 Million Embezzlement Case Emerge	477	(6)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Indorsements	483	(5)
26 Holder in Due Course	488	(24)
Requirements of a Holder in Due Course	488	(10)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Responsibility Does a Holder Have in Negotiating Commercial Paper?	498	(14)
Holder in Due Course Status	498	(4)
The Preferred Position of a Holder in Due Course	502	(5)
Limitations upon Holder in Due Course Rights	507	(5)
27 Liability of Parties	512	(18)
Contractual Liability	512	(9)
Signature	513	(2)
Liability of Primary Parties	515	(1)
Liability of Secondary Parties	516	(4)
Termination of Liability	520	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Contractual Liability 520
Liability Based on Warranty	521	(5)
Warranties on Transfer	521	(1)
Warranties on Presentment	522	(4)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who Gets to Pass the Buck on a Forged Indorsement?	526	(4)
28 Bank Deposits, Collections, and Funds Transfers	530	(25)
Bank Deposits and Collections	530	(12)
Collection of Items	531	(4)
Relationship Between Payor Bank and Its Customer	535	(7)
Electronic Funds Transfer	542	(1)
Types of Electronic Funds Transfer	542	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Can Embezzlement Ever Be a Loan?	543	(1)
Consumer Funds Transfers	543	(1)
CONSUMER INSIGHT: Thwarting ATM Fraud	544	(3)
Wholesale Funds Transfers	546	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Parties to a Funds Transfer	547	(8)
PART VI Agency	555	(44)
29 Relationship of Principal and Agent	556	(20)
Nature of Agency	557	(2)
Creation of Agency	559	(3)
Duties of Agent to Principal	562	(4)
Duties of Principal to Agent	566	(3)
Termination of Agency	569	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Is Medicaid Designed to Protect Inheritances?	570	(6)
30 Relationship with Third Parties	576	(23)
Relationship of Principal and Third Persons	576	(13)
Contract Liability of the Principal	577	(3)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Undisclosed Principal Working Through Agents Assembles Home for Famous Mouse, Duck, and Friends	580	(9)
Tort Liability of the Principal	585	(4)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: When Should an Agent's Power to Bind His Principal Terminate?	589	(11)
Criminal Liability of the Principal	591	(1)
Relationship of Agent and Third Persons	591	(9)
Contract Liability of the Agent	591	(3)
Tort Liability of the Agent	594	(1)
Rights of the Agent Against Third Person	595	(4)
PART VII Business Associations	599	(172)
31 Formation and Dissolution of General Partnerships	600	(33)
Choosing a Business Association	600	(4)
Factors Affecting Choice	601	(1)
Forms of Business Associations	602	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: General Partnership, Limited Partnership, Limited Liability Company, and Corporation	604	(1)
Formation of General Partnerships	604	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	605	(9)
Nature of Partnership	605	(1)
Formation of a Partnership	606	(8)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Partnership Property Compared with Partner's Interest	614	(9)
Dissociation and Dissolution of General Partnerships under RUPA	614	(8)
Dissociation	614	(1)
Dissolution	615	(4)
Dissociation Without Dissolution	619	(3)
Dissolution of General Partnerships under UPA	622	(2)
Dissolution	622	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Dissociation and Dissolution under RUPA	623	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Duty of Disclosure Is Owed to Incoming Partners?	624	(9)
Winding Up	625	(1)
Continuation After Dissolution	626	(7)
32 Operation of General Partnerships	633	(20)
Relationships among Partners	633	(4)
Duties Among Partners	633	(3)
Rights Among Partners	636	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: When Is an Opportunity a Partnership Opportunity?	637	(16)
Relationship between Partners and Third Parties	639	(14)
Contracts of Partnership	639	(4)
Torts and Crimes of Partnership	643	(3)
Notice to a Partner	646	(1)
Liability of Incoming Partner	646	(7)
33 Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies	653	(19)
Limited Partnerships	653	(7)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of General and Limited Partners	660	(5)
Limited Liability Companies	660	(5)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Member-Managed and Manager-Managed LLCs	665	(2)
Other Unincorporated Business Associations	666	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Liability Limitations in LLPs	667	(5)
34 Nature and Formation of Corporations	672	(24)
Nature of Corporations 673
Corporate Attributes	673	(1)
Classification of Corporations	674	(1)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Why Delaware?	675	(8)
Formation of a Corporation	678	(4)
Organizing the Corporation	678	(3)
Formalities of Incorporation	681	(1)
Recognition or Disregard of Corporateness	682	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Charter and Bylaws	683	(13)
Defective Incorporation	683	(3)
Piercing the Corporate Veil	686	(3)
Corporate Powers	689	(8)
Sources of Corporate Powers	689	(1)
Ultra Vires Acts	689	(1)
Liability for Torts and Crimes	690	(6)
35 Financial Structure of Corporations	696	(20)
Debt Securities	697	(2)
Authority to Issue Debt Securities	697	(1)
Types of Debt Securities	697	(2)
Equity Securities	699	(1)
CONSUMER INSIGHT: Bond Ratings: What Do They Tell Us? Who Makes Them?	700	(5)
Issuance of Shares	700	(3)
Classes of Shares	703	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Debt and Equity Securities	705	(6)
Dividends and Other Distributions	705	(6)
Types of Dividends and Other Distributions	705	(1)
Legal Restrictions on Dividends and Other Distributions	706	(3)
Declaration and Payment of Distributions	709	(2)
Liability for Improper Dividends and Distributions	711	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Liability for Improper Distributions	711	(5)
36 Management Structure of Corporations	716	(33)
Corporate Governance	716	(3)
Role of Shareholders	719	(4)
Voting Rights of Shareholders	719	(4)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Concentrations of Voting Power	723	(20)
Enforcement Rights of Shareholders	723	(6)
Role of Directors and Officers	729	(14)
Function of the Board of Directors	732	(1)
Election and Tenure of Directors	733	(1)
Exercise of Directors' Functions	733	(2)
Officers	735	(1)
Duties of Directors and Officers	735	(8)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Whom Does a Director Represent? What Are a Director's Duties?	743	(6)
37 Fundamental Changes of Corporations	749	(22)
Charter Amendments	750	(1)
Combinations	750	(11)
Dissolution	761	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Rights Do Minority Shareholders Have?	762	(4)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Fundamental Changes Under Pre-1999 RMBCA	766	(5)
PART VIII Debtor and Creditor Relations	771	(60)
38 Secured Transactions and Suretyship	772	(33)
Secured Transactions in Personal Property	773	(9)
Essentials of Secured Transactions	773	(1)
Classification of Collateral	774	(2)
Attachment	776	(3)
Perfection	779	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Requisites for Enforceability of Security Interests	782	(2)
Priorities Among Competing Interests	783	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Methods of Perfecting Security Interests	784	(4)
Default	787	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Priorities	788	(4)
THE LAW AND YOU	791	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Price Is "Reasonable" in Terms of Repossession?	792	(13)
Suretyship	792	(14)
Nature and Formation 792 Rights of Surety	794	(1)
Defenses of Surety and Principal Debtor	795	(10)
39 Bankruptcy	805	(26)
Federal Bankruptcy Law	806	(11)
Case Administration-Chapter 3	806	(2)
Creditors, the Debtor, and the Estate-Chapter 5	808	(4)
Liquidation-Chapter 7	812	(4)
Reorganization-Chapter 11	816	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: For a Company Contemplating Bankruptcy, When Is Disclosure the Best Policy?	817	(6)
Adjustment of Debts of a Family Farmer-Chapter 12	819	(1)
Adjustment of Debts of Individuals-Chapter 13	820	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Comparison of Bankruptcy Proceedings	823	(1)
Creditors' Rights and Debtors' Relief Outside of Bankruptcy	823	(1)
Creditors' Rights	823	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	824	(8)
Debtors' Relief	824	(7)
PART IX Regulation of Business	831	(208)
40 Securities Regulation	832	(30)
The Securities Act of 1933	833	(8)
Definition of a Security	834	(2)
Registration of Securities	836	(1)
Exempt Securities	837	(1)
Exempt Transactions for Issuers	837	(3)
Exempt Transactions for Non-Issuers	840	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Exempt Transactions for Issuers Under the 1933 Act	841	(7)
Liability	841	(3)
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934	844	(12)
Disclosure	845	(2)
Liability	847	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Disclosure under the 1934 Act	848	(5)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What Information May a Corporate Employee Disclose?	853	(3)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Civil Liability under the 1933 and 1934 Acts	856	(6)
41 Intellectual Property 862
Trade Secrets	862	(4)
Trade Symbols	866	(5)
MANAGERIAL INSIGHT: Licensed Trademarks Beset by Pirates, Counterfeiters, and Copycats	871	(5)
Trade Names	872	(1)
Copyrights	872	(4)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who Holds the Copyright on Lecture Notes?	876	(1)
Patents	876	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	877	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Intellectual Property	878	(5)
42 Employment Law	883	(27)
Labor Law	883	(2)
Employment Discrimination Law	885	(13)
Employee Protection	898	(2)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Federal Employment Discrimination Laws	900	(2)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: What (Unwritten) Right to a Job Does an Employee Have?	902	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	903	(7)
43 Antitrust	910	(24)
Sherman Antitrust Act	910	(11)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Restraints of Trade under the Sherman Act	921	(2)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: When Is an Agreement Anticompetitive?	923	(5)
Clayton Act	924	(3)
Robinson-Patman Act	927	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	928	(18)
Federal Trade Commission Act	929	(5)
44 Accountants' Legal Liability	934	(12)
Common Law	934	(4)
Federal Securities Law	938	(8)
45 Consumer Protection	946	(23)
State and Federal Consumer Protection Agencies	946	(5)
Consumer Purchases	951	(2)
Consumer Credit Transactions	953	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Consumer Rescission Rights	954	(2)
THE LAW AND YOU	956	(6)
Creditors' Remedies	961	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Should Some Be Protected from High-Pressure Sales?	962	(7)
46 Environmental Law	969	(21)
Common Law Actions for Environmental Damage	969	(2)
Nuisance	969	(1)
Trespass to Land	970	(1)
Strict Liability for Abnormally Dangerous Activities	970	(1)
Problems Common to Private Causes of Action	970	(1)
Federal Regulation of the Environment	971	(12)
The National Environmental Policy Act	971	(1)
The Clean Air Act	972	(4)
The Clean Water Act	976	(3)
Hazardous Substances	979	(2)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Distant Concerns	981	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	982	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Major Federal Environmental Statutes	983	(7)
International Protection of the Ozone Layer	986	(4)
47 International Business Law	990	(21)
The International Environment	990	(2)
Jurisdiction over Actions of Foreign Governments	992	(3)
Transacting Business Abroad	995	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who May Seek Economic Shelter Under U.S. Trade Law?	996	(15)
Forms of Multinational Enterprises	1003	(8)
48 CyberLaw	1011	(28)
Defamation	1011	(3)
Intellectual Property	1014	(9)
Contracts and Sales	1023	(1)
UCITA	1023	(17)
Privacy and the Internet	1026	(5)
Securities Regulation	1031	(2)
Cybercrime	1033	(6)
PART X Property	1039
49 Introduction to Property, Property Insurance, Bailments, and Documents of Title	1040	(28)
Introduction to Property and Personal Property	1041	(1)
Kinds of Property	1041	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Kinds of Property	1042	(6)
Transfer of Title to Personal Property	1044	(3)
Property Insurance	1047	(1)
Fire and Property Insurance	1047	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	1048	(2)
Nature of Insurance Contracts	1049	(1)
CONSUMER INSIGHT: Insurance Fraud, Supposedly the Victimless Crime-Who Pays? Who Cares?	1050	(9)
Bailments and Documents of Title	1052	(5)
Bailments	1052	(5)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Duties in a Bailment	1057	(1)
Documents of Title	1058	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Who is Responsible for the Operation of Rental Property?	1059	(9)
50 Interests in Real Property	1068	(20)
Freehold Estates	1068	(2)
Leasehold Estates	1070	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Freehold Estates	1071	(10)
Concurrent Ownership	1078	(2)
Non possessory Interests	1080	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Rights of Concurrent Owners	1081	(2)
THE LAW AND YOU	1083	(5)
51 Transfer and Control of Real Property	1088	(19)
Transfer of Real Property	1088	(6)
Contract of Sale	1089	(2)
Deeds	1091	(1)
Secured Transactions	1092	(2)
Adverse Possession	1094	(1)
Public and Private Controls	1094	(4)
Zoning	1094	(1)
Eminent Domain	1095	(3)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: Where Should Cities House the Disadvantaged?	1098	(2)
Private Restrictions on Land Use	1098	(2)
THE LAW AND YOU	1100	(7)
52 Trusts and Wills	1107
Trusts	1107	(7)
Types of Trusts	1107	(3)
Creation of Trusts	1110	(3)
Termination of a Trust	1113	(1)
CONCEPT REVIEW: Allocation of Principal and Income	1114	(6)
Decedent's Estates	1114	(7)
Wills	1114	(5)
Intestate Succession	1119	(1)
ETHICAL DILEMMA: When Should Life Support Cease?	1120	(1)
THE LAW AND YOU	1121
Administration of Estates	1122
Appendix A The Constitution of the United States of America	A-2
Appendix B Uniform Commercial Code (Selected Provisions)	B-1
Appendix C Uniform Partnership Act	C-1
Appendix D Revised Uniform Partnership Act (Selected Provisions)	D-1
Appendix E Revised Model Business Corporation Act (Selected Provisions)	E-1
Appendix F Dictionary of Legal Terms	F-1
Index	I-1
0323014577
THORACIC SURGERY
Perioperative Care
Radiologic Assessment of the Chest	1	(4)
John C. Scatarige and Elliot K. Fishman
Assessment of the Patient Undergoing Pulmonary Resection	5	(3)
Rex C. Yung
Postoperative Care of the General Thoracic Surgical Patient	8	(4)
Michael Bousamra II
Thoracic Incisions	12	(5)
John Howington
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the General Thoracic Surgeon	17	(4)
J. Michael DiMaio
Anesthesia
Anesthesia for the Thoracic Surgical Patient	21	(6)
Stephen Aufderheide and Brett A. Simon
The Difficult Elective Intubation	27	(5)
Robert L. Ferris and David W. Eisele
Postoperative Pain Control for Thoracic Surgery	32	(4)
Clifford Goldman and Peter S. Staats
Diagnostic Procedures
Bronchoscopy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications	36	(3)
Joshua Robert Sonett
Esophagoscopy	39	(2)
Octavio E. Pajaro
Mediastinoscopy and Mediastinotomy	41	(6)
Ronald B. Ponn
Trauma
Pneumomediastinum	47	(3)
Kemp Kernstine
Flail Chest and Pulmonary Contusion	50	(3)
Sandra M. Wanek, John C. Mayberry, and Donald D. Trunkey
Chest Wall Injury and Blunt Cardiac Trauma	53	(3)
Kenneth L. Mattox and Jon-Cecil M. Walkes
Traumatic Airway Injuries	56	(3)
Stephen J. Korkola and David S. Mulder
Traumatic Hemothorax	59	(3)
Edward E. Cornwell III
Esophageal Trauma	62	(4)
John A. Odell
Pulmonary Injury	66	(5)
Scott B. Johnson and John H. Calhoon
Diaphragmatic Injuries	71	(3)
T.Y. Hsia and Stephen C. Yang
Thoracic Emergencies
Acute Airway Obstruction	74	(2)
Sudhir Sundaresan
Tension Pneumothorax	76	(2)
Janice Shannon Cain, Brian S. Cain, and David M. Jablons
Massive Hemoptysis	78	(3)
Betty C. Tong and Stephen C. Yang
Esophageal Perforation	81	(5)
S.C. Murthy and T.W. Rice
Tracheoinnominate Artery Fistula	86	(4)
Kelli R. Brooks and T.A. D'Amico
Pediatric Thoracic Disorders
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia	90	(3)
Jeff C. Hoehner
Diaphragmatic Eventration and Plication in the Pediatric Patient	93	(1)
Richard J. Andrassy
Congenital Tracheoesophageal Fistula	94	(4)
Walter Pegoli and George Drugas
Caustic Burns of the Esophagus	98	(3)
Charles N. Paidas
Hiatal Hernia and Esophageal Reflux in the Pediatric Patient	101	(3)
David A. Lanning and Charles E. Bagwell
Cystic Fibrosis	104	(4)
Peter J. Mogayzel, Jr.
Congenital Pulmonary Disorders	108	(3)
Anne C. Fischer
Pediatric Tracheal Disorders	111	(5)
Thom E. Lobe
Larynx and Trachea
Tracheostomy	116	(3)
Erik Bauer and Bryan F. Meyers
Benign Tracheal Tumors	119	(3)
Cameron D. Wright
Malignant Tracheal Tumors	122	(2)
Amy M. Lightner and Douglas J. Mathisen
Tracheal Release Maneuvers	124	(5)
Douglas E. Wood
Acquired Tracheoesophageal Fistula	129	(6)
Paolo Macchiarini
Acquired Tracheal Stenosis	135	(3)
Dean M. Donahue
Stenting of the Airway	138	(4)
Armin Ernst and Ko-Pen Wang
Lung-Congenital Anomalies
Pulmonary Sequestrations	142	(2)
Chandrakanth Are and Malcolm Brock
Bronchogenic Cysts	144	(1)
Neri M. Cohen
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation	145	(4)
Torin P. Fitton and Stephen C. Yang
Lung Neoplasms
Evaluation of the Solitary Pulmonary Nodule	149	(3)
Michael J. Liptay and Sean C. Grondin
Bronchial Adenomas	152	(3)
Kenneth A. Kesler
Benign and Low-Grade Malignant Tumors of the Lung	155	(2)
Christine L. Lau and David H. Harpole, Jr.
Surgical Approach to Small Cell Lung Cancer	157	(3)
David J. Caparrelli and Stephen C. Yang
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer- Stage I and II Disease	160	(2)
Frank D'Ovidio and Robert J. Ginsberg
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Chest Wall Invasion	162	(2)
Joseph LoCicero III
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Stage III Disease	164	(2)
Robert J. Downey
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Stage IV Disease	166	(3)
Virginia R. Litle and James D. Luketich
Superior Sulcus Tumors	169	(5)
Philippe G. Dartevelle and Paolo Macchiarini
Occult Lung Cancer	174	(2)
Brian T. Bethea and Stephen C. Yang
Sleeve Lobectomy	176	(3)
Pierre R. Theodore and Stephen C. Yang
Carinal Resection	179	(3)
Simon K. Ashiku and Douglas J. Mathisen
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome	182	(2)
Juan P. Arnoletti and Melvyn Goldberg
Spiral Saphenous Vein Bypass Graft for Superior Vena Cava Obstruction	184	(3)
John R. Doty and Donald B. Doty
Limited Resection Procedures for Lung Cancer	187	(4)
L. Penfield Faber
Extended Resection of Primary Lung Cancers Involving Great Vessels or Heart	191	(4)
David S. Schrump and Dao M. Nguyen
Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection for Lung Cancer	195	(3)
Keith D. Mortman and Steven M. Keller
Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer	198	(3)
W. Thomas Purcell, Julie R. Brahmer, and David S. Ettinger
Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer	201	(4)
Lawrence Kleinberg
Pulmonary Metastases	205	(5)
Joe B. Putnam, Jr.
Unusual Primary Malignant Neoplasms of the Lung	210	(4)
Ara A. Vaporciyan
Complications of Pulmonary Resection	214	(3)
Robert J. Cerfolio
Lung Inflammatory Diseases
Actinomycosis and Nocardial Infections of the Lung	217	(4)
Cleveland W. Lewis and Walter G. Wolfe
Pulmonary Fungal Infections	221	(4)
Edmund Kassis and Stephen C. Yang
Lung Abscess	225	(2)
Wickii T. Vigneswaran
Bronchiectasis	227	(1)
Daniel L. Miller
Tuberculous Diseases of the Chest	228	(2)
Marvin Pomerantz
Lung Amebiasis	230	(2)
Hasan F. Batirel and Scott J. Swanson
Broncholithiasis	232	(3)
Alene Wright and Walter J. Scott
Diffuse Lung Diseases	235	(4)
Albert J. Polito
Pulmonary Emphysema
Surgery for Giant Bullous Disease	239	(2)
Stephen R. Hazelrigg and Ibrahim B. Cetindag
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery-Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Approach	241	(4)
Joseph B. Shrager and Larry R. Kaiser
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery-Median Sternotomy Approach	245	(5)
Sunil Singhal and Stephen C. Yang
Lung Transplantation
Preoperative Evaluation of the Lung Transplant Candidate	250	(4)
Sean M. Studer and
Jonathan B. OrensLung Transplantation-Surgical Options and Approaches	254	(5)
Taine T.V. Pechet, Ken C. Stewart, and G. Alexander Patterson
Complications Following Lung Transplantation	259	(4)
Joseph C. Cleveland, Jr., Martin R. Zamora, and Frederick L. Grover
Lung Transplantation in the Pediatric Patient	263	(5)
Daniel J. Durand, David D. Yuh, and Peter J. Mogayzel, Jr.
Chest Wall and Sternum
Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum	268	(4)
Paul M. Colombani
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome	272	(3)
Harold C. Urschel, Jr.
Chest Wall Neoplasms	275	(5)
W. Roy Smythe
Prosthetic Substitutes in Chest Wall Reconstruction	280	(3)
Richard H. Lee and Anthony P. Tufaro
Muscle Flaps for Chest Wall Reconstruction	283	(2)
Geoffrey M. Graeber
Infections of the Chest Wall	285	(2)
John D. Urschel
Thoracoplasty	287	(3)
Watts R. Webb and Frank E. Schmidt
Pleura
Spontaneous Pneumothorax	290	(3)
Sean C. Grondin and Willard A. Fry
Empyema Thoracis	293	(4)
Robert B. Lee
Pleural Effusions	297	(3)
David M. McMullan and Garrett L. Walsh
Fibrothorax and Decortication of the Lung	300	(4)
Thomas J. Watson
Postpneumonectomy Empyema and Bronchopleural Fistula	304	(3)
Jean Deslauriers and Philippe Demers
Chylothorax	307	(2)
Robert M. Cortina and David W Johnstone
Localized Fibrous Tumors of the Pleura	309	(1)
Paul A. Kirschner and David S. Mendelson
Malignant Mesothelioma	310	(4)
Harvey L Pass
Pleurectomy for Diffuse Mesothelioma	314	(2)
Sean C. Grondin and Michael J. Liptay
Extrapleural Pneumonectomy for Diffuse Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma	316	(5)
Lambros S. Zellos and David J. Sugarbaker
Mediastinum
Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma	321	(4)
Duc Thinh Pham and Frank C. Detterbeck
Substernal Goiter	325	(2)
V. Seenu Reddy and John R. Roberts
Anterior Mediastinal Masses	327	(3)
David R. Jones
Middle Mediastinal Masses	330	(3)
George L. Zorn III and Jonathan C. Nesbitt
Posterior Mediastinal Masses	333	(2)
Brendan J. Collins and Stephen C. Yang
Mediastinitis	335	(4)
Riyad Karmy-Jones and Eric Vallieres
Esophageal Neoplasia
Benign Tumors of the Esophagus	339	(2)
Stephen M. Cattaneo II and Stephen C. Yang
Carcinoma of the Cervical Esophagus	341	(3)
Jonathan Trites and Alan G. Casson
Upper Thoracic Esophageal Cancer	344	(4)
Carolyn E. Reed
Cancer of the Gastroesophageal Junction	348	(5)
Richard F. Heitmiller and Elaine E. Tseng
Radiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer	353	(3)
Lawrence Kleinberg
Neoadjuvant Therapy for Esophageal Cancer	356	(4)
Bapsi Chak and Arlene A. Forastiere
Lymph Node Dissection in Esophageal Cancer	360	(4)
Wayne Hofstetter and Stephen G. Swisher
Palliative Surgical Procedures for Esophageal Carcinoma	364	(2)
Ozuru Ukoha and William H. Warren
Lasers, Stents, and Photodynamic Therapy in Esophageal Cancer	366	(4)
Sanjay Jagannath and Marcia Irene Canto
Esophageal Replacement Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy	370	(3)
Jeffrey L. Port and Nasser Altorki
Transhiatal Esophagectomy	373	(4)
Mark Iannettoni and Andrew Chang
Left Thoracoabdominal Esophagogastrectomy	377	(4)
Cameron D. Wright and Earle W. Wilkins, Jr.
Esophageal Reconstruction-Colonic Interposition	381	(3)
Claude Deschamps
Esophageal Reconstruction-Jejunal Segment Interposition and Free Graft	384	(3)
Henning A. Gaissert
Esophageal Reconstruction-Reversed and Nonreversed Gastric Tubes	387	(3)
Stanley C. Fell and Manoel Ximenes-Netto
Complications of Esophageal Resection	390	(6)
Stephen C. Yang
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Preoperative Evaluation of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	396	(4)
N.S. Balaji and Jeffrey H. Peters
The Hill Procedure for Gastroesophageal Reflux	400	(5)
Ralph W. Aye
Belsey Mark IV Repair for Gastroesophageal Reflux	405	(3)
Robert J. Keenan and Jason J. Lamb
Nissen Fundoplication	408	(2)
Riivo Iives
The Collis Gastroplasty for Gastroesophageal Reflux	410	(3)
Victor F. Trastek and Antonio L. Visbal
Laparoscopic Techniques for Gastroesophageal Reflux	413	(5)
Chandrakanth Are and Mark A. Talamini
The Failed Antireflux Operation	418	(2)
Alex G. Little
Paraesophageal Hernia	420	(2)
Jonathan Limpert and Keith S. Naunheim
Benign Strictures of the Esophagus	422	(3)
Farzaneh Banki and Jeffrey A. Hagen
Benign Esophageal Disorders
Pharyngoesophageal Dysfunction and Cricopharyngeal Myotomy	425	(3)
Andre Duranceau
Achalasia	428	(2)
Steven R. DeMeester
Diffuse Esophageal Spasm and Scleroderma	430	(2)
John C. Ofenloch and Kamal A. Mansour
Congenital and Acquired Esophageal Diverticula	432	(4)
Christopher T. Salerno, John D. Mitchell, and Richard I. Whyte
Medical Treatment for Barrett's Esophagus	436	(4)
William J. Ravich
Surgical Therapy for Barrett's Esophagus	440	(3)
Dmitry Oleynikov and Carlos A. Pellegrini
Esophageal Infections	443	(5)
Manoel Ximenes-Netto
Esophageal Duplication Cysts	448	(4)
Malcolm V. Brock
Diaphragm
Morgagni and Bochdalek Hernias in the Adult	452	(1)
Juan A. Cordero, Jr. and Darroch W.O. Moores
Eventration of the Diaphragm	453	(3)
Benedict D.T. Daly
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery
General Principles of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery	456	(3)
Anthony P.C. Yim
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Mediastinal Diseases	459	(4)
Michael J. Mack and Michal Savcenko
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery and Esophageal Diseases	463	(2)
Ziv Gamliel and Mark J. Krasna
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Pleural Diseases	465	(4)
Joseph I. Miller, Jr. and Russel S. Ronson
Complications of Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery	469	(8)
Walter E. McGregor and Rodney J. Landreneau
CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
Perioperative Care and Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Evaluating Patients before Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery	477	(4)
Thomas A. Traill
Cardiac Anesthesia	481	(7)
Daniel Nyhan and K. Gage Parr
Adult Cardiopulmonary Bypass	488	(3)
Terry Gourlay and Ken Taylor
Myocardial Protection	491	(7)
Vinod H. Thourani and Robert A. Guyton
Blood Conservation Strategies in Cardiac Surgery	498	(3)
Jerrold Levy
Inotropic Support	501	(5)
Susan Garwood and Roberta L. Hines
Cardiac Pacing in Adults	506	(10)
Jeffrey Brinker
Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography	516	(3)
Joao A. Lima
Concomitant Cardiac and Thoracic Operations	519	(2)
John R. Doty and Stephen C. Yang
Treatment of Sternal Wound Infections	521	(2)
Michael F. Chiaramonte, E. Gene Deune, and Craig A. Vander Kolk
Miscellaneous Cardiovascular Disorders
Cardiac Tumors	523	(3)
Cornelius M. Dyke and Eric R. Skipper
Trauma to the Heart and Great Vessels	526	(4)
Anees J. Razzouk and Randall S. Fortuna
Surgical Management of Pericardial Disease	530	(6)
Patrick DeValeria and Steven J. Lester
Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery and Pericardial Effusive Diseases	536	(2)
Malcolm M. DeCamp, Jr.
Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy	538	(3)
Michael M. Madani and Stuart W Jamieson
Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation	541	(3)
A. Marc Gillinov and Patrick M. McCarthy
Transplantation
Cardiac Transplantation	544	(8)
David D. Yuh and John V. Conte
Heart-Lung Transplantation	552	(7)
Douglas N. Miniati and Robert C. Robbins
Mechanical Circulatory Support Intraaortic Balloon Pump	559	(3)
Hans H. Scheld and Christof Schmid
Mechanical Circulatory Assistance	562	(6)
Vivek Rao and Mehmet C. Oz
Extracorporeal Life Support in the Adult	568	(6)
Kenneth J. Woodside, Scott K. Alpard, and Joseph B. Zwischenberger
Thoracic Aorta
Aortic Dissection	574	(4)
Paul C.Y. Tang and John A. Elefteriades
Ascending Aortic Aneurysm	578	(4)
Thomas G. Gleason, Derek R. Brinster, and Joseph E. BavariaDescending
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms	582	(4)
Joseph S. Coselli and Daniel J. DiBardino
Reconstruction of Aortic Arch Aneurysms	586	(5)
David Spielvogel and Randall Griep
Intraoperative Cerebral Monitoring	591	(3)
Harvey L. Edmonds, Jr. and Brian L. Ganzel
Neuroprotective Strategies During Cardiac Surgery	594	(4)
Stephen M. Cattaneo II and William A. Baumgartner
Valvular Heart Disease
Selection of a Cardiac Valve Prosthesis	598	(5)
Robert D. Riley and Neal D. Kon
Aortic Valve Replacement	603	(3)
A. Marc Gillinov
Aortic Root Replacement	606	(6)
Duke Cameron and Luca A. Vricella
Aortic Valve Repair	612	(2)
Charles D. Fraser, Jr.
The Small Aortic Root	614	(4)
John R. Doty and Donald B. Doty
The Ross Operation	618	(5)
Ronald C. Elkins
Mitral Valve Replacement	623	(4)
Harold M. Burkhart and Kenton J. Zehr
Mitral Valve Reconstruction	627	(5)
Charles F. Schwartz, Eugene A. Grossi, Stephen B. Colvin, and Aubrey C. Galloway
Surgical Management of Endocarditis	632	(5)
David D. Yuh
Tricuspid Valve Operations	637	(3)
Duke Cameron and Luca A. Vricella
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis	640	(5)
Christopher J. Knott-Craig and Timothy H. Trotter
Coronary Artery Disease
Cardiac Catheterization	645	(8)
Alan W. Heldman
Conduit Options for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery	653	(2)
Hendrick B. Barner
Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery	655	(3)
Farzan Filsoufi and David H. Adams
Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery	658	(4)
Michael J. Mack
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery During Hypothermic Ventricular Fibrillation Without Aortic Occlusion	662	(3)
Cary W. Akins
Reoperation for Coronary Artery Disease	665	(4)
Bruce W. Lytle
Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Defect	669	(3)
Christopher M. Feindel
Mitral Regurgitation and the Ischemic Heart	672	(3)
Vinay Badhwar and Steven F. Bolling
Ventricular Aneurysms	675	(3)
Igor D. Gregoric and Denton A. Cooley
Coronary Endarterectomy	678	(3)
Arun K. Singhal and Thoralf M. Sundt
Transmyocardial Revascularization	681	(1)
Rachel H. Cohn and Todd K. Rosengart
Combined Carotid and Coronary Disease	682	(4)
Alan Dardik and Bruce A. Perler
Surgery for Myocardial Disease
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy	686	(4)
Frank G. Scholl and Walter H. Merrill
Left Ventricular Volume Reduction	690	(2)
Mohammed A. Quader, Katherine J. Hoercher, Rick White, and Patrick M. McCarthy
Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease
Congenital Aortic Stenosis	692	(5)
John W. Brown, Mark D. Rodefeld, and Mark W. Turrentinq
Percutaneous Catheter Interventions in Congenital Heart Disease	697	(4)
Jonathan J. Rome
Cardiac Pacing in Children	701	(3)
Jane E. Crosson and Richard E. Ringel
Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest	704	(5)
Irving Shen and Ross M. Ungerleider
Myocardial Protection in Children	709	(4)
Ivan M. Rebeyka
Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Mechanical Circulatory Assist Devices	713	(3)
James Fackler
Valve Replacement in Children	716	(6)
R. Eric Lilly, Richard A. Hopkins, and James D. St. Louis
Palliative Operations for Congenital Heart Disease	722	(4)
Duke Cameron and Luca A. Vricella
Coronary Artery Disease in Children	726	(5)
Constantine Mavroudis and Carl L. Backer
Atrial Septal Defects	731	(7)
Mark W. Turrentine
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection	738	(2)
Vincent Tam
Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect	740	(3)
Michael D. Black
Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Aortopulmonary Window	743	(3)
Redmond P. Burke and Robert L. Hannan
Coarctation of the Aorta	746	(2)
John L. Myers and Edward R. Stephenson
Pulmonary Valve and Infundibular Stenosis	748	(3)
Neal Hillman and John Hawkins
Truncus Arteriosus	751	(4)
Luca A. Vricella and Victor T. Tsang
Transposition of the Great Arteries	755	(4)
Brian W Duncan and Roger B.B. Mee
Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries	759	(4)
Tom R. Karl and Andrew D. Cochrane
Tetralogy of Fallot	763	(4)
Luca A. Vricella and Duke E. Cameron
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome	767	(8)
Paul M. Kirshbom and Thomas L. Spray
Aortic Arch Interruption	775	(4)
Luca A. Vricella and Duke E. Cameron
Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum	779	(5)
Gary K. Lofland
Complete Atrioventricular Canal	784	(5)
Charles B. Huddleston
Double Outlet Right Ventricle	789	(4)
Piya Samankatiwat and Luca A. Vricella
Ebstein's Anomaly	793	(5)
Renzo Pessotto and Vaughn A. Starnes
Vascular Rings and Pulmonary Artery Slings	798	(6)
Carl Lewis Backer and Constantine Mavroudis
Pediatric Mitral Valve Disease	804	(2)
Jan Quaegebeur
Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation	806	(5)
Harry Zemon and David D. Yuh
Index	811