Calculation of Drug Dosages, Revised Reprint

by Ogden

• ISBN13: 9780323041102
• ISBN10: 0323041108
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2005-08-16
• Publisher: MOSBY

Summary

This popular dosage calculation work-text helps students master the critical skills necessary to competently and confidently calculate drug dosages. Innovative and practical, it includes information on the ratio and proportion, formula and dimensional analysis methods of drug calculation, and numerous practice problems to accompany these methods. Ideal for students who need an extensive math review in addition to drug calculations content, this new edition features a more logical organization, a new chapter addressing medication administration to critically ill patients, and more practice problems on calculations for pediatric patients. Learning objectives help students focus on key content as they read and study. Chapter worksheets provide students the opportunity to practice solving realistic problems. Posttests help students identify their areas of strengths and weaknesses. Full-color drug labels provide a more realistic representation of medication administration. A comprehensive posttest at the end of the book helps students assess their knowledge of the calculation of drug dosages. A comprehensive glossary defines important terms. A new chapter on Critical Care IV Flow Rates addresses medication administration to critically ill patients. Content has been reorganized to create a more logical flow for learning. Approximately 20 more practice problems have been added on calculations for pediatric patients.

Table of Contents

PART I Review of Mathematics
Review of Mathematics Pretest	3	(4)
Fractions	7	(22)
Pretest	7	(2)
Learning Objectives	9	(2)
Changing an Improper Fraction to a Mixed Number	11	(1)
Changing a Mixed Number to an Improper Fraction	11	(1)
Lowest Common Denominator	11	(2)
Changing a Fraction to an Equivalent Fraction with the Lowest Common Denominator	12	(1)
Changing a Mixed Number to an Equivalent Fraction with the Lowest Common Denominator	12	(1)
Addition of Fractions	13	(2)
Addition of Fractions Having the Same Denominator	13	(1)
Addition of Fractions with Unlike Denominators	13	(1)
Addition of Fractions Involving Whole Numbers and Unlike Denominators	14	(1)
Subtraction of Fractions	15	(3)
Subtraction of Fractions Having the Same Denominator	15	(1)
Subtraction of Fractions with Unlike Denominators	16	(1)
Subtraction of Fractions Involving Whole Numbers and Unlike Denominators	16	(2)
Multiplication of Fractions	18	(1)
Multiplication of Mixed Numbers	18	(1)
Division of Fractions	19	(1)
Division of Mixed Numbers	19	(1)
Reduction of a Complex Fraction	19	(2)
Reduction of a Complex Fraction with Mixed Numbers	20	(1)
Work Sheet	21	(4)
Posttest 1	25	(2)
Posttest 2	27	(2)
Decimals	29	(22)
Pretest	29	(4)
Learning Objectives	33	(2)
Reading Decimal Numbers	34	(1)
Determining the Values of Decimal Fractions	34	(1)
Addition and Subtraction of Decimals	35	(1)
Multiplication of Decimals	35	(1)
Multiplying a Decimal by 10 or a Power of 10 (100, 1000, 10,000, 100,000)	36	(1)
Multiplying a Whole Number or Decimal by 0.1 or a Multiple of 0.1 (0.01, 0.001, 0.0001, or 0.00001)	36	(1)
Rounding a Decimal Fraction	36	(1)
Division of Decimals	37	(1)
Dividing a Decimal by 10 or a Multiple of 10 (100, 1000, 10,000, 100,000)	38	(1)
Dividing a Whole Number or a Decimal Fraction by 0.1 or a Multiple of 0.1 (0.01, 0.001, 0.0001, or 0.00001)	38	(1)
Conversion	38	(3)
Converting a Decimal Fraction to a Proper Fraction	38	(1)
Converting a Proper Fraction to a Decimal Fraction	38	(3)
Work Sheet	41	(6)
Posttest 1	47	(2)
Posttest 2	49	(2)
Percents	51	(18)
Pretest	51	(4)
Learning Objectives	55	(6)
Changing a Fraction to a Percent	55	(1)
Changing a Decimal to a Percent	56	(1)
Changing a Percent to a Fraction	56	(1)
Changing a Percent to a Decimal	57	(1)
Changing a Percent Containing a Fraction to a Decimal	57	(1)
Finding What Percent One Number Is of Another	58	(1)
Finding the Given Percent of a Number	58	(3)
Work Sheet	61	(4)
Posttest 1	65	(2)
Posttest 2	67	(2)
Ratios	69	(14)
Pretest	69	(2)
Learning Objectives	71	(4)
Changing a Proper Fraction to a Ratio Reduced to Lowest Terms	71	(1)
Changing a Decimal Fraction to a Ratio Reduced to Lowest Terms	72	(1)
Changing a Percent to a Ratio Reduced to Lowest Terms	72	(1)
Changing a Ratio to a Proper Fraction Reduced to Lowest Terms	73	(1)
Changing a Ratio to a Decimal Fraction	73	(1)
Changing a Ratio to a Percent	74	(1)
Work Sheet	75	(4)
Posttest 1	79	(2)
Posttest 2	81	(2)
Proportions	83	(22)
Pretest	83	(2)
Learning Objectives	85	(1)
Solving a Simple Proportion Problem	86	(3)
Proportion Problem Involving Whole Numbers	86	(1)
Proportion Problem Involving Fractions	86	(1)
Proportion Problem Involving Decimals	87	(1)
Proportion Problem Involving Fractions and Percents	87	(1)
Proportion Problem Involving Decimals and Percents	87	(1)
Proportion Problem Involving Numerous Zeros	88	(1)
Work Sheet	89	(4)
Posttest 1	93	(2)
Posttest 2	95	(2)
Review of Mathematics Posttest	97	(8)
PART II Units and Measurements for the Calculation of Drug Dosages
Metric and Household Measurements	105	(16)
Pretest	105	(2)
Learning Objectives	107	(1)
Metric Measurements	107	(3)
Household Measurements	110	(3)
Work Sheet	113	(4)
Posttest 1	117	(2)
Posttest 2	119	(2)
Apothecary and Household Measurements	121	(12)
Pretest	121	(2)
Learning Objectives	123	(4)
Addition of Roman Numerals	124	(1)
Subtraction of Roman Numerals	124	(1)
Apothecary Measurements	124	(1)
Household Measurements	125	(2)
Work Sheet	127	(2)
Posttest 1	129	(2)
Posttest 2	131	(2)
Equivalents between Apothecary and Metric Measurements	133	(16)
Pretest	133	(2)
Learning Objectives	135	(4)
Approximate Equivalents between Apothecary and Metric Measurements	135	(2)
Approximate Equivalents between Celsius and Fahrenheit Measurements	137	(2)
Work Sheet	139	(4)
Posttest 1	143	(2)
Posttest 2	145	(4)
PART III Calculation of Drug Dosages
Interpretation of the Physician's Orders	149	(8)
Learning Objectives	149	(6)
Written Orders	149	(1)
Verbal Orders	150	(1)
Scheduling the Administration of Medications	150	(1)
Introduction to Drug Dosages	151	(1)
The Six Rights of Medication Administration	152	(3)
Posttest	155	(2)
How to Read Drug Labels	157	(8)
Learning Objectives	157	(4)
Parts of a Drug Label	157	(1)
Examples for Practice in Reading Drug Labels	158	(3)
Posttest 1	161	(2)
Posttest 2	163	(2)
Dimensional Analysis and the Calculation of Drug Dosages	165	(10)
Learning Objectives	165	(6)
Using Dimensional Analysis to Calculate IV Flow Rates	167	(4)
Work Sheet	171	(4)
Oral Dosages	175	(54)
Learning Objectives	175	(12)
Oral Dosages Involving Capsules and Tablets/Proportion Method	178	(2)
Oral Dosages Involving Liquids/Proportion Method	180	(2)
Oral Dosages Involving Milliequivalents/Proportion Method	182	(1)
Alternative Formula Method of Oral Drug Dosage Calculation	182	(1)
Oral Dosages Involving Capsules and Tablets/Alternative Formula	183	(2)
Oral Dosages Involving Liquids/Alternative Formula	185	(2)
Work Sheet	187	(30)
Posttest 1	217	(6)
Posttest 2	223	(6)
Parenteral Dosages	229	(56)
Learning Objectives	229	(14)
Syringes	234	(3)
Calculation of Parenteral Drug Dosages/Proportion Method	237	(2)
Parenteral Drug Dosage Calculation/Alternative Formula Method	239	(4)
Work Sheet	243	(30)
Posttest 1	273	(6)
Posttest 2	279	(6)
Dosages Measured in Units	285	(28)
Learning Objectives	285	(8)
Powder Reconstitution	286	(1)
Dosages Measured in Units Involving Oral Medications	287	(1)
Dosages Measured in Units Involving Parenteral Medications	288	(1)
Insulin Given with a Lo-Dose Insulin Syringe	289	(1)
Mixed Insulin Administration	289	(4)
Work Sheet	293	(8)
Posttest 1	301	(6)
Posttest 2	307	(6)
Intravenous Flow Rates	313	(28)
Learning Objectives	313	(14)
Administration of Fluids by Gravity	316	(1)
Infusion of IV Piggybacks by Gravity	317	(4)
Infusion of IV Fluids with an IV Pump	321	(1)
Infusion of IV Medications with an IV Pump	321	(1)
IV or Heparin (Saline) Locks	322	(1)
Central Venous Catheters	323	(1)
Patient-Controlled Analgesia	323	(4)
Work Sheet	327	(6)
Posttest 1	333	(4)
Posttest 2	337	(4)
Critical Care IV Flow Rates	341	(16)
Learning Objectives	341	(6)
IV Administration of Medications by Units/Hour or International Units/Hour	342	(1)
IV Administration of Medications by Microgram/Kilogram/Minute	343	(1)
IV Administration of Medications by Microgram/Minute	344	(1)
IV Administration of Medications by Milligram/Minute	344	(3)
Work Sheet	347	(6)
Posttest 1	353	(4)
Posttest 2	357