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9780205791231

The Challenge of Third World Development

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780205791231

  • ISBN10:

    0205791239

  • Edition: 6th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2010-02-05
  • Publisher: Pearson
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Summary

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Author Biography

Howard Handelman's The Challenge of Third World Development examines political, economic, and social change in countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Exploring common issues and problems in these regions, this text helps students grasp the structural dynamics and human stories behind democratization, economic growth, poverty, global warming, ethnic conflict, women's changing roles, and more. Accessibly written for students of political science, sociology, or anthropology, The Challenge of Third World Development immerses readers in developing countries' ongoing dilemmas, their global implications, and individual, national, and international responses.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. xv
Understanding Underdevelopmentp. 1
Third World Commonalities: The Nature of Underdevelopmentp. 2
Economic Underdevelopmentp. 3
Social Underdevelopmentp. 7
Political Underdevelopmentp. 11
Some Relationships between the Components of Developmentp. 13
The Causes of Underdevelopmentp. 15
Modernization Theory and the Importance of Cultural Valuesp. 15
Dependency Theory: The Core and the Peripheryp. 19
Modernization and Dependency Theories Comparedp. 21
Contemporary Perspectivesp. 22
How Much (or How Little) Progress Has Been Made?p. 25
Discussion Questionsp. 26
Notesp. 26
Democratic Change and the Change to Democracyp. 28
Democracy Definedp. 30
Democratic Transition and Consolidationp. 32
Authoritarian Beginningsp. 33
Justifying Authoritarian Rulep. 34
The Third Wave and Its Effect on the Third Worldp. 36
International Causes and Consequences of the Third Wavep. 38
The Prerequisites of Democracy in Individual Countriesp. 40
Social and Economic Modernizationp. 40
Class Structurep. 41
Political Culturep. 43
The Curse of Oil Wealthp. 47
How Do Democracies Perform? Public Policy Comparedp. 48
Democratic Consolidationp. 50
Improving the Quality of Democracyp. 51
Conclusionp. 53
Discussion Questionsp. 55
Notesp. 55
Religion and Politicsp. 58
The Meeting of Church and Statep. 59
Great Religions of the Third Worldp. 60
Religion, Modernity, and Secularizationp. 61
Structural and Theological Bases of Church-State Relationsp. 64
Islamp. 64
Catholicismp. 65
Hinduism and Buddhismp. 66
Religious Fundamentalism and Islamismp. 67
Defining and Explaining Fundamentalismp. 68
Fundamentalists: Radical and Conservativep. 69
The Iranian Revolution: Radical Islamism as a Reaction to Western-Style Modernizationp. 70
Al Qaeda and Militant Islamismp. 73
Islamist Terrorists in Western Europe: A New Frontierp. 78
Turkey and Moderate Islamismp. 79
The Strengthening of Moderate Islamp. 83
The Progressive Catholic Churchp. 83
The Future of Religion and Politics in the Developing Worldp. 86
Conclusion: Religion and Democracyp. 88
Discussion Questionsp. 90
Notesp. 91
The Politics of Cultural Pluralism and Ethnic Conflictp. 94
Defining Ethnicityp. 97
Ethnic and State Boundariesp. 99
Types of Ethnic-Cultural Divisionsp. 100
Nationalityp. 100
Tribep. 102
Racep. 104
Religionp. 106
Dependency, Modernization, and Ethnic Conflictp. 113
Levels of Interethnic Conflictp. 115
Relative Harmonyp. 115
Uneasy Balancep. 115
Enforced Hierarchy (Ethnic Dominance)p. 117
Systematic Violencep. 118
Outcomes and Resolutionsp. 119
Power Sharing: Federalism and Consociationalismp. 119
Secessionp. 121
Outside Interventionp. 122
Outside Intervention in Iraq: The Effect of the U.S. Occupation on Kurdish Autonomyp. 126
Settlement through Exhaustionp. 127
Toward a Peaceful Resolution of Conflictp. 127
Conclusion: Ethnic Pluralism and Democracyp. 128
Discussion Questionsp. 130
Notesp. 130
Women and Developmentp. 133
The Political and Socioeconomic Status of Third World Womenp. 135
Modernization and the Economic Status of Womenp. 138
Women in the Economy: Rural and Urbanp. 139
Women and Politicsp. 142
Women's Political Activism at the Grass Rootsp. 143
Women as National Political Leadersp. 145
Reserved Seats and Quotas: Female Representation in Parliament and the Cabinetp. 149
Women and Revolutionary Changep. 155
The Status of Women: The Roles of Modernization, Globalization, and Regime Typep. 158
Conclusion: Democracy and the Role of Women in Societyp. 160
Discussion Questionsp. 163
Notesp. 163
Agrarian Reform and the Politics of Rural Changep. 166
Rural Class Structuresp. 167
Peasant Politicsp. 168
The Politics of Agrarian Reformp. 171
Patterns of Land Concentrationp. 172
The Case for Agrarian Reformp. 173
Types of Agrarian Reformp. 175
Externally Imposed Reformp. 176
Revolutionary Transformationp. 177
Moderate Reformismp. 179
The Limits of Agrarian Reformp. 181
Other Approaches and Issuesp. 184
Crop Pricingp. 184
Integrated Rural Developmentp. 185
Conclusion: Democracy and Rural Reformp. 186
Discussion Questionsp. 188
Notesp. 188
Rapid Urbanization and the Politics of the Urban Poorp. 191
The Third World's Urban Explosionp. 191
The Political Consequences of Urban Growthp. 195
The Search for Employmentp. 195
The Urban Poor's Struggle for Housingp. 199
Public Housing and the Role of the Statep. 200
Spontaneous Housingp. 202
Sites-and-Services Programsp. 203
The Problem of Urban Crimep. 204
The Politics of the Urban Poor: Conflicting Imagesp. 206
Forms of Political Expression among the Urban Poorp. 210
Individual Political Behaviorp. 210
Collective Goals: Housing and Urban Servicesp. 211
Radical Political Behaviorp. 214
Conclusion: Future Urban Growth and Democratic Politicsp. 215
Discussion Questionsp. 216
Notesp. 216
Revolutionary Changep. 219
Defining Revolutionp. 220
Underlying Causes of Revolutionp. 222
Inexorable Historical Forcesp. 222
Regime Decayp. 223
Challenges from Belowp. 225
Causes of Revolution: A Summaryp. 228
Levels of Popular Supportp. 230
Peasants as Revolutionariesp. 232
Why Peasants Rebelp. 233
Which Peasants Rebelp. 233
Revolutionary Leadershipp. 234
Revolutionaries in Powerp. 236
Conclusion: Revolutionary Change and Democracyp. 239
Discussion Questionsp. 242
Notesp. 242
Soldiers and Politicsp. 244
The Causes of Military Interventionp. 246
The Nature of the Armed Forcesp. 246
The Nature of Civil Societyp. 247
Progressive Soldiers and Military Conservativesp. 250
The Types and Goals of Military Regimesp. 253
Personalistic Regimesp. 253
Institutional Military Regimesp. 254
The Accomplishment and Failures of Military Regimesp. 259
Combating Corruptionp. 259
Defending Military Interestsp. 260
Patterns in Military Spendingp. 261
Establishing Stabilityp. 264
Improving the Economyp. 266
Military Withdrawal from Politicsp. 267
New Roles for the Armed Forcesp. 270
Improved Civil-Military Relationshipsp. 271
Conclusion: Democracy and the Militaryp. 272
Discussion Questionsp. 273
Notesp. 273
The Political Economy of Third World Developmentp. 276
The Role of the Statep. 277
The Command Economyp. 278
Latin American Statismp. 281
East Asia's Developmental Statep. 284
The Neoclassical Idealp. 286
Finding a Proper Role for the Statep. 289
Industrialization Strategiesp. 289
Import-Substituting Industrializationp. 290
Export-Oriented Industrializationp. 292
Growth with Equityp. 293
Economic Development and the Environmentp. 295
The Costs of Growthp. 296
Environmental Decay as a Third World Problemp. 296
Third World Environmental Decay and Global Warming: A Global Problemp. 297
The Search for Sustainable Developmentp. 298
Some Signs of Progressp. 300
Finding the Right Mixp. 302
The Effects of Globalization on Developing Nationsp. 302
Conclusion: Democracy and Economic Developmentp. 307
Discussion Questionsp. 308
Notesp. 308
Glossaryp. 311
Indexp. 320
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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