The China Reader

by SCHELL, ORVILLESHAMBAUGH, DAVID

• ISBN13: 9780679763871
• ISBN10: 0679763872
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Trade Paper
• Copyright: 1998-12-29
• Publisher: Vintage

Summary

Current Affairs/Asian Studies Perhaps no nation in recent history has undergone as total a transformation as China has in the past twenty-five years. For Chinese leaders, the death of Mao Zedong, the rise of Deng Xiaoping, and unprecedented economic growth have spawned new complexities. For the country's 1.3 billion citizens, changes have been equally dramatic, from skyrocketing sales in automobiles and satellite dishes to an explosion in violent crime and drug trafficking. The China Reader: The Reform Era is a fascinating compilation by two astute China watchers of the most important documents, articles, and statements on China from 1972 to the present. Here are the voices of the experts, from Chinese analyses of the fall of Soviet Communism to Western exposes of an ecological crisis that threatens global weather patterns into the next millennium. Here, too, are the artifacts of an era, from regulations to control Chinese cyberspace to a Party member's Orwellian justification of the military crackdown in Tiananmen Square. Authoritative and comprehensive, The China Reader is a timely guide to understanding a nation in the throes of change--a historic moment with profound implications for policy makers and markets from the Pacific Rim to Wall Street.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv	(2)
Introduction: Reforming China	xvii
Orville Schell
David Shambaugh
POLITICS	3	(212)
I. Inner-Party Politics	3	(152)
From Mao to Deng	5	(45)
Michel Oksenberg and Richard Bush, China's Political Evolution, 1972-1982	5	(16)
Communique of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China	21	(8)
Deng Xiaoping, Answers to the Italian Journalist Oriana Fallaci	29	(8)
Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China	37	(13)
Radical Reform	50	(28)
Zhao Ziyang, Advance Along the Road of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics	50	(28)
The Tiananmen Crisis	78	(25)
Chen Xitong, Report on Checking the Turmoil and Quelling the Counterrevolutionary Rebellion	79	(16)
Deng Xiaoping, Speech to Officers at the Corps Level and Above from the Martial Law Enforcement Troops in Beijing	95	(8)
Politics in the Nineties	103	(33)
Michael D. Swaine, China Faces the 1990s: A System in Crisis	103	(13)
Anonymous, The Ten-Thousand-Character Manifesto	116	(20)
China After Deng	136	(19)
Ellis Joffe, Ruling China After Deng	136	(19)
II. Outer-Party Politics	155	(20)
Democracy Wall	157	(18)
Orville Schell, The Democracy Wall Movement	157	(8)
Wei Jingsheng, Democracy: The Fifth Modernization	165	(10)
The Student Demonstrations of 1986-87	175	(11)
Fang Lizhi, Democracy, Reform, and Modernization	175	(7)
Deng Xiaoping, Taking a Clear-Cut Stand Against Bourgeois Liberalization	182	(4)
The Tiananmen Square Demonstrations and the Beijing Massacre	186	(29)
Orville Schell, China's Spring	186	(11)
1989 Wall Posters	197	(2)
A Hunger Strike Manifesto	199	(5)
Yang Jianli, The Beijing Massacre	204	(3)
Ding Zilin, Who They Were	207	(8)
EDUCATION, MEDIA, AND CULTURE	215	(84)
III. Education and Research	215	(13)
Deng Xiaoping, Speech at the National Conference on Education	215	(8)
Geremie Barme, A Small Matter of Truth	223	(5)
IV. Media	228	(32)
Allison Jernow, The Press in the 1980s: Testing New Ground	229	(7)
Seth Faison, The Press During the 1989 Demonstrations	236	(10)
Orville Schell, The Second Channel	246	(10)
The Battle for Cyberspace	256	(4)
V. Culture	260	(39)
High Culture	261	(19)
Orville Schell, The Reemergence of the Realm of the Private	261	(6)
Religion Must Serve the State	267	(4)
Hong Ying, Summer of Betrayal	271	(9)
Low Culture	280	(19)
Orville Schell, Shake, Rattle, and Roll	280	(11)
Sang Ye, Computer Insects	291	(8)
THE ECONOMY	299	(48)
VI. Building an Economic Superpower	299	(48)
Barry Naughton, The Pattern and Logic of China's Economic Reform	300	(11)
Hang-Sheng Cheng, A Midcourse Assessment of China's Economic Reform	311	(10)
Anthony Y.C. Koo and K.C. Yeh, The Impact of Township, Village, and Private Enterprises' Growth on State Enterprises Reform: Three Regional Case Studies	321	(14)
Frederick Crook, Grain Galore	335	(12)
SOCIETY	347	(84)
VII. The Social Consequences of Reform	347	(59)
Rich and Poor	348	(14)
Antoine Kernen, Out of Work in the State Sector	348	(9)
Patrick Tyler, Rural Poverty	357	(5)
The "Floating Population"	362	(14)
Cheng Li, 200 Million Mouths Too Many: China's Surplus Rural Labor	362	(11)
People's Daily Commentator, Strengthening Management over the Floating Population	373	(3)
The Environment	376	(18)
Mark Hertsgaard, Our Real China Problem	376	(13)
The World Bank, China's Environment in the New Century	389	(5)
Crime	394	(12)
Angelina Malhotra, Shanghai's Dark Side	394	(7)
Patrick Tyler, Crime (and Punishment) Rages Anew in China	401	(5)
VIII. The Rule of Law, Rights, and Prisons	406	(25)
Andrew Nathan, Getting Human Rights Right	407	(8)
Yi Ding, Opposing Interference in Other Countries' Internal Affairs Through Human Rights	415	(4)
Xu Liangying, Chinese Officialdom's Miraculous and Unique Conception of Human Rights	419	(3)
Wang Yu, Liu Gang: Stalwart Resistance	422	(9)
SECURITY AND FOREIGN RELATIONS	431	(74)
IX. The Military	431	(17)
David Shambaugh, China's Military: Real or Paper Tiger?	432	(16)
X. China and the World	448	(40)
Samuel S. Kim, China As a Great Power	448	(11)
Liu Huaqiu, Strive for a Peaceful International Environment	459	(11)
David Shambaugh, The United States and China: Cooperation or Confrontation?	470	(9)
William Jefferson Clinton, China and the National Interest	479	(9)
XI. Greater China	488	(17)
The Dalai Lama on China, Hatred, and Optimism	489	(4)
The Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong	493	(3)
Jiang Zemin, Continue to Promote the Reunification of China	496	(9)
WHITHER CHINA?	505	(26)
XII. China Faces the Twenty-first Century	505	(26)
Michel C. Oksenberg, Michael D. Swaine, and Daniel C. Lynch, The Chinese Future	505	(26)
Conclusion: The Legacy of Reform	531	(6)
Index	537