China's Political System

by Dreyer,June

• ISBN13: 9780205005819
• ISBN10: 0205005810
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2011-02-08
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Updated in a new 8th edition, China#x19;s Political Systemexamines how the government of China is affected by ongoing efforts to harmonize its unique culture with external influences and ideas.#xA0;Highly respected area specialist June Teufel Dreyer offers expert analysis of the historical context and current trends to show how this transition is challenging China#x19;s economic, legal, military, social, and cultural institutions.

Author Biography

June Teufel Dreyer is Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xvii
Introduction	p. 1
Modernization and Chinese Civilization	p. 1
Theories of Analysis of Chinese Politics	p. 8
Theoretical Analysis in the Early Years of the PRC	p. 10
Theories Engendered by the Cultural Revolution	p. 15
Post-Mao Theories of Analysis	p. 21
Conclusions	p. 23
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 24
The Chinese Tradition	p. 25
Basic Characteristics	p. 25
The Governmental Structure of Traditional China	p. 32
The Examination System	p. 35
Literature and Art	p. 36
The Role of Law in Traditional China	p. 36
The Military	p. 38
The Barbarian Problem	p. 39
Interpretations of Chinese History	p. 40
Implications for Industrialization	p. 42
Conclusions	p. 46
Suggestions for further Reading	p. 46
Reformers, Warlords, and Communists	p. 47
The New Invasion	p. 47
The Self-Strengthening Movement	p. 49
Reform and Revolution	p. 53
The Reformers	p. 54
The Reactionaries	p. 55
The Revolutionaries	p. 56
The Kuomintang	p. 61
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 65
The Communist Road to Power	p. 66
The Early Years: 1919-1923	p. 66
The Period of Soviet Control: 1923-1931	p. 68
The Jiangxi Soviet: 1931-1934	p. 70
The Long March: 1934-1935	p. 72
The Xi' An Incident: 1936	p. 75
The Second United Front: 1936-1941	p. 76
Civil War and Victory: 1941-1949	p. 82
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 84
PRC Politics under Mao: 1949-1976	p. 85
Consolidation of Power: 1949-1955	p. 85
Establishing the Organs of Power	p. 89
The Hundred Flowers Period: 1956-1957	p. 94
The Great Leap Forward and Its Aftermath: 1958-1961	p. 97
The Socialist Education Movement: 1962-1966	p. 102
The Cultural Revolution: 1966-1976	p. 104
The Years of Upheaval: 1966-1969	p. 104
Reconstruction: 1970-1976	p. 109
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 112
PRC Politics in the Post-Mao Era: 1976-2010	p. 113
Interregnum: 1976-1978	p. 113
Deng Ascendant	p. 116
The Legacy of Mao	p. 119
Political Realignment and Policy Readjustment	p. 120
The Tiananmen Demonstrations, 1989	p. 129
The ôThird Generationö: China under Jiang Zemin	p. 134
The Three Represents	p. 135
Civic Organizations	p. 136
Changing Central-Local Relationships	p. 136
The ôFourth Generationö in Power	p. 140
Conclusions	p. 145
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 147
The Politics of the Economy	p. 148
Introduction	p. 148
The Early Years: 1949-1950	p. 149
The Socialist Transformation of Agriculture: 1949-1978	p. 150
Industrial Policy in the Maoist Era	p. 154
Maoist Economic Policies Assessed	p. 156
Economic Policy under Deng Xiaoping	p. 157
Agricultural Reforms	p. 158
The Private Sector	p. 161
More Responsibility for State Enterprises	p. 162
Reforming the Price System	p. 163
Reforming the Reforms	p. 165
New Problems for Deng's Successors	p. 169
Future Concerns	p. 173
Conclusions	p. 177
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 178
Crime and Punishment: The Legal System of the PRC	p. 179
Less than Peaceful Coexistence of the Societal and Jural Models: 1949-1953	p. 180
The Jural Model in Ascendance: 1954-1957	p. 181
Resurgence of the Societal Model: 1957-1965	p. 183
The Societal Model Rampant: 1966-1976	p. 184
Law and Justice in the Post-Mao Era: Return to the Jural Model	p. 186
The New Legal System	p. 187
Legal Developments	p. 189
The Trial Process	p. 190
Mediation	p. 191
Petitions	p. 193
The Penal System	p. 194
Conclusions	p. 202
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 203
The Role of the Military	p. 204
Party and Army	p. 204
Assessing the Maoist Model	p. 207
The Influence of the Korean War on the PLA	p. 208
The Revolt against Professionalism	p. 210
Professionalism Returns	p. 215
The Effect of the June Fourth Incident on the PLA	p. 220
The Military under Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao	p. 221
Conclusions	p. 227
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 228
Education	p. 229
Devising a System	p. 229
The Drive for Egalitarianism and Return to Expertise	p. 232
Redness Revisited: The Cultural Revolution	p. 233
Egalitarians versus Experts: The Search for a Synthesis	p. 236
The Search for Academic Excellence	p. 237
Conclusions	p. 249
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 252
Quality-of-Life Issues: Health, Demography, and the Environment	p. 253
Health	p. 253
Demography	p. 260
The Environment	p. 269
Conclusions	p. 274
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 275
Conformity and Dissent: The Arts, the Media, and Social Control	p. 276
Artist and Society in China	p. 276
The Party, Art, and Social Protest	p. 277
Post-1949 Control Mechanisms	p. 278
Repression and Reaction	p. 280
Culture and the Cultural Revolution	p. 282
The Arts under Deng Xiaoping	p. 284
Restrained Dissent	p. 284
Protest Gains Momentum	p. 285
Experimenting with Capitalism in the Arts	p. 287
The Campaign Against Spiritual Pollution	p. 287
Looming Confrontation	p. 288
The Tiananmen Demonstrations and Their Aftermath	p. 289
Expression, Repression, and Social Control	p. 290
Conclusions	p. 296
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 297
Ethnic Minorities and National Integration	p. 298
China's Minority Peoples	p. 298
Ethnicity in Communist Ideology	p. 303
Minorities Policy in Practice	p. 303
The Early Years: 1949-1957	p. 303
The Great Leap Forward and Its Aftermath: 1959-1965	p. 308
The Cultural Revolution: 1966-1971	p. 311
Return to Pluralism: 1971-1977	p. 312
Post-Mao Minorities Policy	p. 313
Reform Produces Problems	p. 314
External Factors	p. 316
Repression Increases	p. 317
Genuine Autonomy as a Possible Solution	p. 322
Conclusions	p. 325
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 326
Foreign Policy	p. 327
Determinants	p. 327
Tradition	p. 327
Ideology	p. 329
Capabilities	p. 330
Goals	p. 331
The Formulation of Foreign Policy	p. 331
Chinese Foreign Relations: An Overview	p. 334
The ôLean to One Sideö Policy: 1949-1954	p. 334
The Bandung Spirit: 1954-1957	p. 337
Resurgent Nationalism and Isolation: 1957-1969	p. 339
Global Power Politics: 1969-Present	p. 343
Triangular Politics: 1969-1989	p. 343
Counterbalancing the Sole Superpower: 1989-Present	p. 348
Post-9/11 Developments	p. 350
Conclusions	p. 352
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 354
Conclusions	p. 355
Suggestions for Further Reading	p. 366
Useful Websites	p. 367
Index	p. 368
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