Circuit Analysis

by Robbins, Allan H.; Miller, Wilhelm C.

• ISBN13: 9780766806269
• ISBN10: 076680626X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-09-01
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

The mathematical foundation and the practical application of circuit theory in this highly readable book will prove invaluable to students enrolled in electronics engineeringtechnology curriculum and professionals alike. This one-of-a-kind text provides comprehensive coverage of circuit analysis topics, including fundamentals of DC and AC circuits, methods of analysis, capacitance, inductance, magnetism, simple transients, and computer methods. Hundreds of step by step examples lead the user through the critical thinking processes required to solve problems. Two popular computer simulation packages, OrCAD PSpice Version 9 and Electronics Workbench are integrated throughout the book to support "what-if" situations. With the Online Companion, users can access a web site that contains RealAudio sound-clips that present more in-depth discussions of the most difficult topics covered in each chapter.

Table of Contents

Preface	x
PART I Foundation DC Concepts	1	(126)
Introduction	2	(26)
Introduction	4	(3)
The SI System of Units	7	(2)
Converting Units	9	(1)
Power of Ten Notation	10	(3)
Prefixes	13	(1)
Significant Digits and Numerical Accuracy	14	(2)
Circuit Diagrams	16	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	18	(10)
Problems	21	(7)
Voltage and Current	28	(30)
Atomic Theory Review	30	(5)
The Unit of Electrical Charge: The Coulomb	35	(1)
Voltage	36	(2)
Current	38	(3)
Practical DC Voltage Sources	41	(5)
Measuring Voltage and Current	46	(5)
Switches, Fuses, and Circuit Breakers	51	(7)
Problems	52	(6)
Resistance	58	(36)
Resistance of Conductors	60	(2)
Electrical Wire Tables	62	(3)
Resistance of Wires---Circular Mils	65	(4)
Temperature Effects	69	(3)
Types of Resistors	72	(4)
Color Coding of Resistors	76	(2)
Measuring Resistance---The Ohmmeter	78	(3)
Thermistors	81	(1)
Photoconductive Cells	82	(1)
Nonlinear Resistance	83	(2)
Conductance	85	(1)
Superconductors	86	(8)
Problems	88	(6)
Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy	94	(33)
Ohm's Law	96	(5)
Voltage Polarity and Current Direction	101	(3)
Power	104	(3)
Power Direction Convention	107	(2)
Energy	109	(2)
Efficiency	111	(3)
Nonlinear and Dynamic Resistances	114	(1)
Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis	115	(12)
Problems	120	(7)
PART II Basic DC Analysis	127	(256)
Series Circuits	128	(48)
Series Circuits	130	(2)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law	132	(2)
Resistors in Series	134	(3)
Voltage Sources in Series	137	(1)
Interchanging Series Components	138	(1)
The Voltage Divider Rule	139	(3)
Circuit Ground	142	(1)
Voltage Subscripts	143	(6)
Internal Resistance of Voltage Sources	149	(1)
Voltmeter Design	150	(5)
Ohmmeter Design	155	(3)
Ammeter Loading Effects	158	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	160	(16)
Problems	164	(12)
Parallel Circuits	176	(44)
Parallel Circuits	178	(1)
Kirchhoff's Current Law	179	(4)
Resistors in Parallel	183	(6)
Voltage Sources in Parallel	189	(1)
Current Divider Rule	190	(5)
Analysis of Parallel Circuits	195	(3)
Ammeter Design	198	(2)
Voltmeter Loading Effects	200	(3)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	203	(17)
Problems	207	(13)
Series-Parallel Circuits	220	(44)
The Series-Parallel Network	222	(1)
Analysis of Series-Parallel Circuits	223	(8)
Applications of Series-Parallel Circuits	231	(8)
Potentiometers	239	(2)
Loading Effects of Instruments	241	(6)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	247	(17)
Problems	254	(10)
Methods of Analysis	264	(62)
Constant-Current Sources	266	(2)
Source Conversions	268	(4)
Current Sources in Parallel and Series	272	(3)
Branch-Current Analysis	275	(5)
Mesh (Loop) Analysis	280	(8)
Nodal Analysis	288	(8)
Delta-Wye (Pi-Tee) Conversion	296	(7)
Bridge Networks	303	(9)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	312	(14)
Problems	315	(11)
Network Theorems	326	(57)
Superposition Theorem	328	(4)
Thevenin's Theorem	332	(9)
Norton's Theorem	341	(11)
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	352	(5)
Substitution Theorem	357	(2)
Millman's Theorem	359	(2)
Reciprocity Theorem	361	(3)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	364	(19)
Problems	371	(12)
PART III Capacitance and Inductance	383	(164)
Capacitors and Capacitance	384	(32)
Capacitance	386	(1)
Factors Affecting Capacitance	387	(3)
Electric Fields	390	(3)
Dielectrics	393	(1)
Nonideal Effects	394	(1)
Types of Capacitors	395	(5)
Capacitors in Parallel and Series	400	(4)
Capacitor Current and Voltage	404	(3)
Energy Stored by a Capacitor	407	(1)
Capacitor Failures and Troubleshooting	408	(8)
Problems	409	(7)
Capacitor Charging, Discharging, and Simple Waveshaping Circuits	416	(44)
Introduction	418	(4)
Capacitor Charging Equations	422	(5)
Capacitor with an Initial Voltage	427	(2)
Capacitor Discharging Equations	429	(1)
More Complex Circuits	430	(8)
An RC Timing Application	438	(2)
Pulse Response of RC Circuits	440	(4)
Transient Analysis Using Computers	444	(16)
Problems	451	(9)
Magnetism and Magnetic Circuits	460	(32)
The Nature of a Magnetic Field	462	(2)
Electromagnetism	464	(1)
Flux and Flux Density	465	(2)
Magnetic Circuits	467	(1)
Air Gaps, Fringing, and Laminated Cores	468	(1)
Series Elements and Parallel Elements	469	(1)
Magnetic Circuits with DC Excitation	470	(1)
Magnetic Field Intensity and Magnetization Curves	471	(3)
Ampere's Circuital Law	474	(1)
Series Magnetic Circuits: Given Φ, Find NI	475	(5)
Series-Parallel Magnetic Circuits	480	(2)
Series Magnetic Circuits: Given NI, Find Φ	482	(2)
Force Due to an Electromagnet	484	(1)
Properties of Magnetic Materials	485	(2)
Measuring Magnetic Fields	487	(5)
Problems	487	(5)
Inductance and Inductors	492	(26)
Electromagnetic Induction	494	(2)
Induced Voltage and Induction	496	(3)
Self-Inductance	499	(2)
Computing Induced Voltage	501	(2)
Inductances in Series and Parallel	503	(1)
Practical Considerations	504	(3)
Inductance and Steady State DC	507	(2)
Energy Stored by an Inductance	509	(1)
Inductor Troubleshooting Hints	510	(8)
Problems	511	(7)
Inductive Transients	518	(29)
Introduction	520	(3)
Current Buildup Transients	523	(4)
Interrupting Current in an Inductive Circuit	527	(2)
De-energizing Transients	529	(2)
More Complex Circuits	531	(6)
RL Transients Using Computers	537	(10)
Problems	542	(5)
PART IV Foundation AC Concepts	547	(124)
AC Fundamentals	548	(56)
Introduction	550	(1)
Generating AC Voltages	551	(3)
Voltage and Current Conventions for AC	554	(3)
Frequency, Period, Amplitude, and Peak Value	557	(4)
Angular and Graphic Relationships for Sine Waves	561	(4)
Voltage and Currents as Functions of Time	565	(5)
Introduction to Phasors	570	(9)
AC Waveforms and Average Value	579	(6)
Effective Values	585	(5)
Rate of Change of a Sine Wave (Derivative)	590	(1)
AC Voltage and Current Measurement	590	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	592	(12)
Problems	595	(9)
R, L, and C Elements and the Impedance Concept	604	(36)
Complex Number Review	606	(5)
Complex Numbers in AC Analysis	611	(6)
R, L, and C Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation	617	(1)
Resistance and Sinusoidal AC	617	(2)
Inductance and Sinusoidal AC	619	(4)
Capacitance and Sinusoidal AC	623	(4)
The Impedance Concept	627	(3)
Computer Analysis of AC Circuits	630	(10)
Problems	634	(6)
Power in AC Circuits	640	(31)
Introduction	642	(1)
Power to a Resistive Load	643	(1)
Power to an Inductive Load	644	(2)
Power to a Capacitive Load	646	(2)
Power in More Complex Circuits	648	(2)
Apparent Power	650	(1)
The Relationship Between P, Q, and S	651	(4)
Power Factor	655	(4)
AC Power Measurement	659	(3)
Effective Resistance	662	(1)
Energy Relationships for AC	663	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	664	(7)
Problems	665	(6)
PART V Impedance Networks	671	(396)
AC Series-Parallel Circuits	672	(64)
Ohm's Law for AC Circuits	674	(7)
AC Series Circuits	681	(8)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and the Voltage Divider Rule	689	(4)
AC Parallel Circuits	693	(5)
Kirchhoff's Current Law and the Current Divider Rule	698	(3)
Series-Parallel Circuits	701	(3)
Frequency Effects	704	(6)
Applications	710	(4)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	714	(22)
Problems	720	(16)
Methods of AC Analysis	736	(46)
Dependent Sources	738	(1)
Source Conversion	739	(5)
Mesh (Loop) Analysis	744	(7)
Nodal Analysis	751	(7)
Delta-to-Wye and Wye-to-Delta Conversions	758	(4)
Bridge Networks	762	(6)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	768	(14)
Problems	771	(11)
AC Network Theorems	782	(52)
Superposition Theorem---Independent Sources	784	(5)
Superposition Theorem---Dependent Sources	789	(2)
Thevenin's Theorem---Independent Sources	791	(6)
Norton's Theorem---Independent Sources	797	(6)
Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems for Dependent Sources	803	(10)
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	813	(5)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	818	(16)
Problems	824	(10)
Resonance	834	(48)
Series Resonance	836	(2)
Quality Factor, Q	838	(3)
Impedance of a Series Resonant Circuit	841	(1)
Power, Bandwidth, and Selectivity of a Series Resonant Circuit	842	(9)
Series-to-Parallel RL and RC Conversion	851	(6)
Parallel Resonance	857	(10)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	867	(15)
Problems	871	(11)
Filters and the Bode Plot	882	(52)
The Decibel	884	(6)
Multistage Systems	890	(3)
Simple RC and RL Transfer Functions	893	(9)
The Low-Pass Filter	902	(7)
The High-Pass Filter	909	(5)
The Band-Pass Filter	914	(4)
The Band-Reject Filter	918	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	920	(14)
Problems	924	(10)
Three-Phase Systems	934	(44)
Three-Phase Voltage Generation	936	(1)
Basic Three-Phase Circuit Connections	937	(3)
Basic Three-Phase Relationships	940	(8)
Examples	948	(6)
Power in a Balanced System	954	(6)
Measuring Power in Three-Phase Circuits	960	(3)
Unbalanced Loads	963	(4)
Power System Loads	967	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	967	(11)
Problems	671	(307)
Transformers and Coupled Circuits	978	(52)
Introduction	980	(3)
Iron-Core Transformers: The Ideal Model	983	(9)
Reflected Impedance	992	(2)
Transformer Ratings	994	(1)
Transformer Applications	994	(8)
Practical Iron-Core Transformers	1002	(5)
Transformer Tests	1007	(2)
Voltage and Frequency Effects	1009	(1)
Loosely Coupled Circuits	1010	(5)
Magnetically Coupled Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation	1015	(2)
Coupled Impedance	1017	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	1019	(11)
Problems	1023	(7)
Nonsinusoidal Waveforms	1030	(37)
Composite Waveforms	1032	(2)
Fourier Series	1034	(5)
Fourier Series of Common Waveforms	1039	(7)
Frequency Spectrum	1046	(6)
Circuit Response to a Nonsinusoidal Waveform	1052	(4)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	1056	(11)
Problems	1059	(8)
Appendix A OrCAD-PSpice A/D	1067	(9)
Appendix B Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations	1076	(7)
Appendix C Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	1083	(3)
Appendix D Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems	1086	(13)
Glossary	1099	(5)
Index	1104