Circuit Analysis

by Robbins, Allan H.; Miller, Wilhelm C.

• ISBN13: 9781401811563
• ISBN10: 1401811566
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-07-07
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Written for a first course in circuit analysis at the EET level, this updated edition provides user-friendly, easy-to-understand coverage of fundamental circuit analysis topics including standards of DC and AC, methods of analysis, capacitance, inductance, magnetism, simple transients, and more. Unique learning features enhance every chapter, such as ?Putting it into Perspective? historical vignettes and ?Putting it into Practice? applications. A hallmark of this edition is the inclusion of two popular computer application packages, MultiSIM? and Cadence® PSpice, both in their latest versions and integrated throughout to help users learn via hands-on simulation and to permit exploration of ?what if??-type scenarios.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
To the Student	xvi
I Foundation DC Concepts	1	(114)
Introduction	2	(22)
Introduction	4	(3)
The SI System of Units	7	(1)
Converting Units	8	(2)
Power of Ten Notation	10	(2)
Prefixes	12	(2)
Circuit Diagrams	14	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	16	(8)
Problems	17	(7)
Voltage and Current	24	(26)
Atomic Theory Review	26	(4)
The Unit of Electrical Charge: The Coulomb	30	(1)
Voltage	31	(3)
Current	34	(2)
Practical DC Voltage Sources	36	(5)
Measuring Voltage and Current	41	(3)
Switches, Fuses, and Circuit Breakers	44	(6)
Problems	46	(4)
Resistance	50	(34)
Resistance of Conductors	52	(3)
Electrical Wire Tables	55	(2)
Resistance of Wires---Circular Mils	57	(4)
Temperature Effects	61	(2)
Types of Resistors	63	(4)
Color Coding of Resistors	67	(2)
Measuring Resistance---The Ohmmeter	69	(3)
Thermistors	72	(1)
Photoconductive Cells	73	(1)
Nonlinear Resistance	74	(2)
Conductance	76	(1)
Superconductors	77	(7)
Problems	79	(5)
Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy	84	(31)
Ohm's Law	86	(4)
Voltage Polarity and Current Direction	90	(2)
Power	92	(4)
Power Direction Convention	96	(1)
Energy	97	(2)
Efficiency	99	(3)
Nonlinear and Dynamic Resistances	102	(1)
Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis	103	(12)
Problems	109	(6)
II Basic DC Analysis	115	(220)
Series Circuits	116	(38)
Series Circuits	118	(2)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law	120	(1)
Resistors in Series	121	(3)
Voltage Sources in Series	124	(1)
Interchanging Series Components	125	(1)
The Voltage Divider Rule	126	(3)
Circuit Ground	129	(1)
Voltage Subscripts	130	(5)
Internal Resistance of Voltage Sources	135	(2)
Ammeter Loading Effects	137	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	139	(15)
Problems	142	(12)
Parallel Circuits	154	(38)
Parallel Circuits	156	(1)
Kirchhoff's Current Law	157	(3)
Resistors in Parallel	160	(6)
Voltage Sources in Parallel	166	(1)
Current Divider Rule	167	(5)
Analysis of Parallel Circuits	172	(2)
Voltmeter Loading Effects	174	(2)
Computer Analysis	176	(16)
Problems	179	(13)
Series-Parallel Circuits	192	(40)
The Series-Parallel Network	194	(1)
Analysis of Series-Parallel Circuits	195	(8)
Applications of Series-Parallel Circuits	203	(8)
Potentiometers	211	(1)
Loading Effects of Instruments	212	(5)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	217	(15)
Problems	223	(9)
Methods of Analysis	232	(56)
Constant-Current Sources	234	(2)
Source Conversions	236	(3)
Current Sources in Parallel and Series	239	(3)
Branch-Current Analysis	242	(4)
Mesh (Loop) Analysis	246	(7)
Nodal Analysis	253	(8)
Delta-Wye (Pi-Tee) Conversion	261	(6)
Bridge Networks	267	(8)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	275	(13)
Problems	278	(10)
Network Theorems	288	(47)
Superposition Theorem	290	(3)
Thevenin's Theorem	293	(7)
Norton's Theorem	300	(9)
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	309	(4)
Substitution Theorem	313	(2)
Millman's Theorem	315	(1)
Reciprocity Theorem	316	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	318	(17)
Problems	325	(10)
III Capacitance and Inductance	335	(148)
Capacitors and Capacitance	336	(28)
Capacitance	338	(1)
Factors Affecting Capacitance	339	(3)
Electric Fields	342	(2)
Dielectrics	344	(1)
Nonideal Effects	345	(1)
Types of Capacitors	346	(4)
Capacitors in Parallel and Series	350	(3)
Capacitor Current and Voltage	353	(3)
Energy Stored by a Capacitor	356	(1)
Capacitor Failures and Troubleshooting	356	(8)
Problems	358	(6)
Capacitor Charging, Discharging, and Simple Waveshaping Circuits	364	(40)
Introduction	366	(3)
Capacitor Charging Equations	369	(5)
Capacitor with an Initial Voltage	374	(1)
Capacitor Discharging Equations	375	(2)
More Complex Circuits	377	(6)
An RC Timing Application	383	(2)
Pulse Response of RC Circuits	385	(4)
Transient Analysis Using Computers	389	(15)
Problems	395	(9)
Magnetism and Magnetic Circuits	404	(30)
The Nature of a Magnetic Field	406	(2)
Electromagnetism	408	(1)
Flux and Flux Density	409	(1)
Magnetic Circuits	410	(2)
Air Gaps, Fringing, and Laminated Cores	412	(1)
Series Elements and Parallel Elements	413	(1)
Magnetic Circuits with DC Excitation	414	(1)
Magnetic Field Intensity and Magnetization Curves	415	(2)
Ampere's Circuital Law	417	(2)
Series Magnetic Circuits: Given Φ, Find NI	419	(4)
Series-Parallel Magnetic Circuits	423	(1)
Series Magnetic Circuits: Given NI, Find Φ	424	(2)
Force Due to an Electromagnet	426	(1)
Properties of Magnetic Materials	427	(1)
Measuring Magnetic Fields	428	(6)
Problems	429	(5)
Inductance and Inductors	434	(22)
Electromagnetic Induction	436	(2)
Induced Voltage and Induction	438	(2)
Self-Inductance	440	(2)
Computing Induced Voltage	442	(2)
Inductances in Series and Parallel	444	(1)
Practical Considerations	445	(2)
Inductance and Steady State DC	447	(2)
Energy Stored by an Inductance	449	(1)
Inductor Troubleshooting Hints	450	(6)
Problems	450	(6)
Inductive Transients	456	(27)
Introduction	458	(2)
Current Buildup Transients	460	(4)
Interrupting Current in an Inductive Circuit	464	(3)
De-energizing Transients	467	(2)
More Complex Circuits	469	(5)
RL Transients Using Computers	474	(9)
Problems	478	(5)
IV Foundation AC Concepts	483	(1)
AC Fundamentals	484	(115)
Introduction	486	(50)
Generating AC Voltages	487	(3)
Voltage and Current Conventions for AC	490	(2)
Frequency, Period, Amplitude, and Peak Value	492	(4)
Angular and Graphic Relationships for Sine Waves	496	(4)
Voltage and Currents as Functions of Time	500	(4)
Introduction to Phasors	504	(8)
AC Waveforms and Average Value	512	(5)
Effective (RMS) Values	517	(5)
Rate of Change of a Sine Wave (Derivative)	522	(1)
AC Voltage and Current Measurement	522	(2)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	524	(12)
Problems	527	(9)
R, L, and C Elements and the Impedance Concept	536	(34)
Complex Number Review	538	(5)
Complex Numbers in AC Analysis	543	(6)
R, L, and C Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation	549	(1)
Resistance and Sinusoidal AC	549	(1)
Inductance and Sinusoidal AC	550	(4)
Capacitance and Sinusoidal AC	554	(3)
The Impedance Concept	557	(2)
Computer Analysis of AC Circuits	559	(11)
Problems	564	(6)
Power in AC Circuits	570	(29)
Introduction	572	(1)
Power to a Resistive Load	573	(1)
Power to an Inductive Load	574	(1)
Power to a Capacitive Load	575	(2)
Power in More Complex Circuits	577	(2)
Apparent Power	579	(1)
The Relationship Between P, Q, and S	580	(3)
Power Factor	583	(4)
AC Power Measurement	587	(3)
Effective Resistance	590	(1)
Energy Relationships for AC	591	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	592	(7)
Problems	592	(7)
V Impedance Networks	599	(349)
AC Series-Parallel Circuits	600	(54)
Ohm's Law for AC Circuits	602	(5)
AC Series Circuits	607	(7)
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and the Voltage Divider Rule	614	(2)
AC Parallel Circuits	616	(5)
Kirchhoff's Current Law and the Current Divider Rule	621	(2)
Series-Parallel Circuits	623	(3)
Frequency Effects	626	(5)
Applications	631	(4)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	635	(19)
Problems	640	(14)
Methods of AC Analysis	654	(38)
Dependent Sources	656	(1)
Source Conversion	657	(3)
Mesh (Loop) Analysis	660	(6)
Nodal Analysis	666	(7)
Delta-to-Wye and Wye-to-Delta Conversions	673	(2)
Bridge Networks	675	(5)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	680	(12)
Problems	684	(8)
AC Network Theorems	692	(44)
Superposition Theorem---Independent Sources	694	(3)
Superposition Theorem---Dependent Sources	697	(2)
Thevenin's Theorem---Independent Sources	699	(5)
Norton's Theorem---Independent Sources	704	(5)
Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems for Dependent Sources	709	(9)
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	718	(4)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	722	(14)
Problems	727	(9)
Resonance	736	(44)
Series Resonance	739	(1)
Quality Factor, Q	740	(3)
Impedance of a Series Resonant Circuit	743	(1)
Power, Bandwidth, and Selectivity of a Series Resonant Circuit	744	(8)
Series-to-Parallel RL and RC Conversion	752	(5)
Parallel Resonance	757	(9)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	766	(14)
Problems	770	(10)
Filters and the Bode Plot	780	(48)
The Decibel	782	(6)
Multistage Systems	788	(2)
Simple RC and RL Transfer Functions	790	(10)
The Low-Pass Filter	800	(6)
The High-Pass Filter	806	(5)
The Band-Pass Filter	811	(3)
The Band-Reject Filter	814	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	815	(13)
Problems	819	(9)
Transformers and Coupled Circuits	828	(44)
Introduction	830	(3)
Iron-Core Transformers: The Ideal Model	833	(6)
Reflected Impedance	839	(2)
Transformer Ratings	841	(1)
Transformer Applications	842	(6)
Practical Iron-Core Transformers	848	(3)
Transformer Tests	851	(2)
Voltage and Frequency Effects	853	(1)
Loosely Coupled Circuits	854	(4)
Magnetically Coupled Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation	858	(2)
Coupled Impedance	860	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	861	(11)
Problems	864	(8)
Three-Phase Systems	872	(42)
Three-Phase Voltage Generation	874	(1)
Basic Three-Phase Circuit Connections	875	(3)
Basic Three-Phase Relationships	878	(8)
Examples	886	(5)
Power in a Balanced System	891	(5)
Measuring Power in Three-Phase Circuits	896	(3)
Unbalanced Loads	899	(3)
Power System Loads	902	(1)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	902	(12)
Problems	906	(8)
Nonsinusoidal Waveforms	914	(34)
Composite Waveforms	917	(1)
Fourier Series	918	(5)
Fourier Series of Common Waveforms	923	(6)
Frequency Spectrum	929	(4)
Circuit Response to a Nonsinusoidal Waveform	933	(4)
Circuit Analysis Using Computers	937	(11)
Problems	940	(8)
Appendix A PSpice and MultiSIM	948	(5)
Appendix B Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations	953	(6)
Appendix C Maximum Power Transfer Theorem	959	(3)
Appendix D Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems	962	(12)
Glossary	974	(5)
Index	979