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9780534539191

Cities, Change, and Conflict A Political Economy of Urban Life (with InfoTrac)

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780534539191

  • ISBN10:

    053453919X

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2001-07-20
  • Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

This text discusses the importance of cities for the economic, cultural, and political life of modern societies. The author consistently uses the political economy perspective to introduce students to the basic concepts and research in urban sociology, while also acknowledging the contributions of the human ecology perspective. Through the use of case studies, the presentation remains accessible and down-to-earth.

Table of Contents

Preface xvii
I THINKING ABOUT CITIES 1(48)
Examining Urban Issues
3(21)
Attitudes About Cities
4(2)
Some Urban Myths
5(1)
Box 1.1 Spotlight: The City as a Magnet for Youth
6(5)
Political Economy Perspective
8(3)
Cities, Change, and Conflict: Three Applications
11(5)
The Forbidden City Within Los Angeles
11(3)
Criminalizing Homelessness
14(2)
Box 1.2 Case Study: Project H.O.M.E.'s Campaign Against Homelessness
16(4)
Environmental Racism and Environmental Justice
18(2)
Box 1.3 Case Study: Environmental Justice in Chicago
20(1)
Conclusion
20(1)
Discussion Questions
21(1)
Resources on the Internet
21(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
21(1)
Online Exercises
22(1)
InfoTrac® College Edition
22(1)
About Using the Internet for Research
22(2)
Tips for Searching on the Internet
22(1)
Evaluating Information on the Web
23(1)
Citing Electronic Sources
23(1)
Government Sources
23(1)
Theoretical Perspectives on The City
24(25)
Theories and Paradigms
25(1)
Urban Ecology Paradigm
26(10)
Antecedents: Tonnies, Durkheim, and Simmel
26(2)
The Chicago School
28(6)
Contributions and Critique
34(2)
Political Economy Paradigm
36(8)
Antecedents: Marx, Engels, and Weber
36(2)
Emergence of Urban Political Economy
38(2)
Promise and Limitations of Political Economy
40(4)
Box 2.1 Spotlight: Perspectives on Urban Ghettos
44(2)
Conclusion
46(1)
Discussion Questions
46(1)
Resources on the Internet
47(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
47(1)
Online Exercises
47(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
47(2)
II THE CHANGING CITY: HISTORICAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES 49(122)
Cities in World History
51(23)
Origins of Cities
52(5)
Early Urban Centers
54(1)
What Makes Them Cities?
54(3)
Ancient Cities, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 300
57(3)
Physical Features of Ancient Cities
57(2)
Social Patterns in Ancient Cities
59(1)
Cities Outside of Europe
60(1)
Cities of the Near East
60(1)
Box 3.1 Spotlight: Islamic Cities
61(2)
Cities of the Far East
62(1)
Box 3.2 Case Study: Cities in China's Chou Dynasty
63(1)
Cities of the Americas
63(1)
Box 3.3 Case Study: City Planning in Teotihuacan
64(1)
Medieval Cities in Europe
64(3)
Feudalism and the Growth of Towns
65(1)
Social Institutions
65(2)
Pressures on the System
67(1)
Growth of Capitalism and the Industrial City
67(4)
Cities Built on Trade
68(1)
World-Economy
68(1)
Early Industrial Cities
69(2)
Conclusion
71(1)
Discussion Questions
72(1)
Resources on the Internet
73(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
73(1)
Online Exercises
73(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
73(1)
Urban Development in the United States
74(25)
A Brief History of Cities of the United States
75(7)
The Commercial City
76(3)
The Industrial City
79(1)
The Corporate City
80(2)
Explaining Urban Patterns
82(3)
Ecological Explanations
82(2)
Political Economic Explanations
84(1)
Process of Urban Growth and Change
85(7)
City Builders: Property Capitalists
87(2)
Local Government Officials
89(1)
Corporations
90(2)
Regional Differences in Growth and Development
92(4)
The South
93(1)
New England
94(1)
California
95(1)
Conclusion
96(1)
Discussion Questions
97(1)
Resources on the Internet
98(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
98(1)
Online Exercises
98(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
98(1)
Cities, Suburbs, and Metropolitan Areas
99(26)
Changes in Metropolitan Areas Since 1950
99(1)
Growth of Suburbs and Metropolitan Areas
100(10)
Policy Choices by the Federal Government
101(2)
Local Political Choices: To Annex or Not to Annex?
103(4)
Corporate Decisions: New Industrial Spaces
107(1)
Social Consequences of Suburbanization
108(2)
Restructuring the Central Cities
110(6)
Transformation of the Central Business Districts
111(2)
Social Transformation of the Cities
113(3)
Box 5.1 Case Study: The Process of Gentrification in New York's East Village
116(1)
Explaining Urban Transformations
117(1)
The United States in the World Economy
117(1)
Box 5.2 Case Study: Restructuring of the Metropolitan Los Angeles Economy
118(4)
Government Responses to Economic Changes
121(1)
Conclusion
122(1)
Discussion Questions
123(1)
Resources on the Internet
123(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
123(1)
Online Exercises
124(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
124(1)
Cities in Europe
125(27)
Cities in Western Europe
126(2)
Comparisons with North American Cities
127(1)
Box 6.1 Spotlight: Super Cities
128(9)
Factors Affecting Western European Cities
129(5)
Emerging Problems in Western European Cities
134(3)
Cities in Eastern and Central Europe
137(3)
Urban Planning
138(1)
Housing
139(1)
Box 6.2 Case Study: Planning for Moscow as a Communist Mecca
140(1)
Box 6.3 Case Study: The International Scene in Prague
141(3)
Economic Restructuring
142(1)
Environmental Challenges
142(2)
Globalization and Global Cities
144(5)
The Process of Globalization
144(1)
Globalization and Politics
145(1)
Global Cities
146(1)
Characteristics of Global Cities
147(1)
Increasing Similarities Among Global Cities
147(2)
Box 6.4 Case Study: Tokyo is Number One
149(1)
Conclusion
149(1)
Discussion Questions
150(1)
Resources on the Internet
150(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
150(1)
Online Exercises
151(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
151(1)
Cities in the Third World
152(19)
Characteristics of Third World Cities
152(4)
Urban Population Trends
153(2)
Economic and Political Trends
155(1)
Box 7.1 Spotlight: The Urban-Rural Gap
156(1)
Box 7.2 Case Study: The Informal Sector in Calcutta
157(1)
Explaining the Diverging Paths of Urban Development
158(1)
Box 7.3 Case Study: Mexico City
159(5)
Development Perspective
160(1)
Uneven Development Perspectives
161(3)
Box 7.4 Spotlight: The Banana Industry and the Honduran Economy
164(1)
Box 7.5 Spotlight: Caribbean Sweatshops
165(1)
Future Development of Third World Cities
166(2)
Conclusion
168(1)
Discussion Questions
169(1)
Resources on the Internet
169(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
169(1)
Online Exercises
169(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
170(1)
III CHANGE AND CONFLICT: URBAN SOCIAL GROUPS 171(94)
Immigrants and the City
173(23)
Old and New Immigration
174(9)
Three Waves of Immigration
175(1)
Reactions to Newcomers
176(3)
Economics of Immigration
179(1)
U. S. Immigration Policy
180(3)
Contemporary Immigrant Lifestyles
183(1)
Ethnic Identification and Group Solidarity
183(1)
Box 8.1 Spotlight: The Mendez Children
184(8)
Ethnic Neighborhoods and Ethnic Enclaves
185(1)
Immigrants in the Workplace
186(4)
Immigrants and Politics
190(1)
Do Cities Gain or Lose from Immigration?
191(1)
Conclusion
192(2)
Discussion Questions
194(1)
Resources on the Internet
195(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
195(1)
Online Exercises
195(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
195(1)
African Americans in Cities
196(23)
Development of African-American Neighborhoods
197(1)
Urban Race Relations Before the Great Migration
197(1)
The Great Migration
197(1)
Box 9.1 Case Study: Race Relations in Philadelphia Before 1900
198(4)
Whites and Segregation
199(2)
Enclave or Ghetto?
201(1)
Current Racial Patterns in Metropolitan Areas
202(6)
Institutional Barriers to Housing Choice
202(3)
Correlates and Consequences of Racial Segregation
205(2)
Suburban Movement
207(1)
Social Class Patterns in African-American Neighborhoods
208(1)
Changing Class Structure
208(1)
Box 9.2 Case Study: Geography of Race and Social Class in Detroit
209(4)
Racial Concentration and Political Power
213(1)
Current Issues Around Race and Residential Patterns
213(3)
Government Policy
213(2)
Attitudes About Racial Homogeneity
215(1)
Conclusion
216(1)
Discussion Questions
217(1)
Resources on the Internet
218(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
218(1)
Online Exercises
218(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
218(1)
Changing Social Class Patterns
219(24)
What Is a Social Class?
220(1)
Social Class and Communities
220(4)
Mapping Studies: Pictures of the Whole City
221(1)
Descriptions of Urban Life: Community Studies
222(2)
Box 10.1 Case Study: Creation of an Elite Neighborhood
224(4)
Box 10.2 Case Study: Dismantling of a Working Class Community
228(1)
Summary
229(1)
Mechanisms for Sorting Out the Social Classes
229(4)
Housing Market
230(1)
Institutional Actors and Influences
230(2)
Labor Market
232(1)
The Changing Economy and the Shrinking Middle Class
233(2)
Housing Patterns: A Reflection of Social Inequality
235(5)
Withdrawal of the Affluent
235(1)
Displacement of the Vulnerable
236(2)
Homelessness: The Bottom of the Barrel
238(2)
Conclusion
240(1)
Discussion Questions
241(1)
Resources on the Internet
241(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
241(1)
Online Excercises
242(1)
IntoTrac College Edition
242(1)
Women in Cities
243(22)
Women's Spaces, Men's Spaces
244(4)
Gender, Ethnicity, and Social Class in the City
248(4)
Gendered Urban Spaces
252(3)
Contemporary Workplaces
252(1)
Transportation
253(1)
Community Organizations
254(1)
Box 11.1 Spotlight: Women as Community Activists
255(3)
Recreation
256(1)
Consumption
257(1)
Running Cities As If Women Mattered
258(5)
What Do Women Want?
259(2)
User-Friendly Communities
261(2)
Discussion Questions
263(1)
Resources on the Internet
264(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
264(1)
Online Exercises
264(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
264(1)
IV CHANGE AND CONFLICT: URBAN SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS 265(92)
Urban Economic Development
267(22)
The Changing Economy
268(5)
Impact on Local Economic Bases
268(1)
Jobs of the Future
269(1)
Growth of the Informal Economy
270(2)
The Arts and the Urban Economy
272(1)
Urban Economic Development Policy
273(1)
Box 12.1 Spotlight: Culture as Business
274(9)
Privatism and the Local Economy
274(5)
Progressive Policies for Local Economic Development
279(4)
Box 12.2 Spotlight: Investing in Human Capital
283(2)
Politics of Economic Development Programs
284(1)
Box 12.3 Case Study: The Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative
285(1)
Conclusion
286(1)
Discussion Questions
287(1)
Resources on the Internet
287(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
287(1)
Online Exercises
288(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
288(1)
Local Government and Finances
289(23)
Government and Political Power
289(3)
Municipal Control, Political Machines, and Reforms
290(2)
Box 13.1 Case Study: Machine Politics in the Industrial Era
292(6)
Studies of Political Power
293(1)
Recent Directions in the Study of Local Government
294(4)
Financing Local Government
298(7)
Fiscal Crises
299(5)
Lessons from the Fiscal Crisis
304(1)
Urban Politics and Urban Reform
305(2)
Box 13.2 Case Study: The Progressive Agenda for Chicago
307(1)
Regionalism and Metropolitan Government
308(1)
Conclusion
309(1)
Discussion Questions
309(1)
Resources on the Internet
310(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
310(1)
Online Exercises
310(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
311(1)
Federal Urban Policy
312(19)
Implicit Urban Policy
313(2)
Emergence of Urban Policy
315(6)
Public Housing
315(3)
Urban Renewal
318(1)
Department of Housing and Urban Development
319(2)
Summary: Efforts to Direct Urban Policy from Washington
321(1)
Transformation of Urban Policy
321(4)
New Federalism
321(1)
Retreat from Urban Policy
322(3)
Reinventing Urban Policy
325(4)
Politics and Urban Policy
326(1)
Why Is the United States Different?
327(2)
Conclusion
329(1)
Discussion Questions
329(1)
Resources on the Internet
330(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
330(1)
Online Exercises
330(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
330(1)
Urban Unrest and Social Control
331(26)
How Orderly Is Society?
331(3)
Theories Stressing Order
331(2)
Theories Stressing Conflict
333(1)
Some Types of Urban Unrest
334(5)
Crime
335(2)
Gang Activity
337(1)
Riots
338(1)
Box 15.1 Spotlight: Gang Recruitment
339(6)
Social Movements
342(3)
Box 15.2 Case Study: Organizing to Fight Mortgage Redlining
345(1)
Causes of Urban Disruptions
346(3)
Approaches to Reducing Urban Disruptions
349(1)
Informal Social Control
349(6)
Formal Social Control
350(3)
Strategic Reinvestment
353(1)
Conclusion
354(1)
Discussion Questions
355(1)
Resources on the Internet
355(2)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
355(1)
Online Exercises
355(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
356(1)
V CONCLUSION 357(24)
Planning for the Future of Cities
359(22)
Urban Planning in History
360(2)
Defense
360(1)
Commerce
360(1)
Political Power
361(1)
Urban Planning: The View from the Ground
362(3)
Imaging the City
362(1)
The Social Life of the Street
363(2)
Urban Planning: Visions and Realities
365(9)
Utopian Visions
365(2)
Planning Realities in the United States
367(3)
The Vision Implemented
370(4)
Planning and Politics
374(3)
Social Justice and the City
377(2)
Discussion Questions
379(1)
Resources on the Internet
380(1)
The Wadsworth Sociology Resource Center: Virtual Society
380(1)
Online Exercises
380(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
380(1)
Glossary 381(8)
References 389(22)
Index 411

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