Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice

by Michael L. Free (School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia and Private Practice)

• ISBN13: 9780471981442
• ISBN10: 0471981443
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-12-01
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

This manual contains all the material needed to establish and conduct a twelve-week cognitive group therapy program, including information sheets for referring agencies and prospective participants, and assessment suggestions. Each chapter features guidelines for checking homework, fully-scripted mini-lectures, exercises, homework, and guidelines for dealing with problems arising during as session.

Author Biography

Michael Free is a lecturer in clinical psychology at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.

Table of Contents

List of Figures	xiv
List of Tables	xv
About the Author	xvi
Foreword	xvii
Tian P. S. Oei
Preface	xix
Part 1: Preliminary Considerations	1	(30)
Introduction to the Program	3	(6)
Summary of Chapter 1	3	(1)
The Nature of the Program	3	(1)
The Search for Effective, Efficient and Ethical Psychotherapy	3	(4)
Provision of treatment in groups	4	(1)
The Psychoeducational approach to psychotherapy	4	(1)
Empirically validated treatments	5	(1)
Manual-based therapy	6	(1)
The Nature of the Therapeutic Relationship	7	(1)
Overview of the Program	8	(1)
Theoretical Foundations	9	(13)
Summary of Chapter 2	9	(1)
The Theoretical Basis for the Program	9	(1)
A General Model of Disorders	10	(1)
Beck's Cognitive Model of Depression	11	(8)
Core components	13	(1)
Theories about the process of change in cognitive therapy	13	(4)
Implications for the Group Cognitive Therapy program	17	(1)
Anxiety disorders	17	(1)
Implications for the program	18	(1)
Anger	18	(1)
Implications for the program	18	(1)
Ellis' Rational Emotive Therapy	19	(1)
Influences on the program	20	(1)
McMullin's Cognitive Restructuring Therapy	20	(2)
Outcome Study	22	(9)
Summary of Chapter 3	22	(1)
Rationale for the Study	22	(2)
Method	24	(1)
Participants	24	(1)
Measurement	24	(1)
Procedure	24	(1)
Results	25	(2)
Differences within the 1987 sample	25	(1)
Changes in depression	25	(2)
Discussion	27	(4)
Part II: The Therapy Manual	31	(88)
Preparation for Running a Group Program	33	(9)
Summary of Chapter 4	33	(1)
Rationale behind the Manual	33	(1)
Acquiring Appropriate Resources	34	(1)
Therapists	34	(1)
Suitable physical space	35	(1)
Whiteboard/blackboard, overhead projector, screen, and ability to photocopy handouts	35	(1)
Coffee/tea making facilities	35	(1)
Selecting Participants	35	(2)
Preparing Prospective Participants	37	(1)
Precontact information	37	(1)
Information given during the phone screening, or at the time of contact	37	(1)
Information given during the selection process	37	(1)
Special information session prior to the commencement of the group	37	(1)
Information given in the first half of the first session	38	(1)
Conducting Pretest Assessment	38	(1)
Schedule	38	(1)
Understanding the Group Cognitive Therapy Manual	38	(2)
Structure of the manual	39	(1)
Session content	39	(1)
Guiding text	40	(1)
The Role of the Therapist in Psychoeducational Group Therapy	40	(1)
Other Resources Included in the Book	41	(1)
Therapy Session One	42	(13)
Summary of Session One	42	(1)
Goals of Session One	42	(1)
Review of Homework from Pre-therapy Session(s)	42	(1)
Lecture A	42	(3)
Welcome pep-talk	42	(1)
Introduction	43	(2)
Ground rules	45	(1)
Exercise: Getting to Know Each Other	45	(1)
Lecture B	46	(7)
Thinking and feeling	46	(5)
The saint and the checklist	51	(1)
The suitcase analogy	51	(2)
Exercise: Guided Imagery	53	(1)
Summary	53	(1)
Homework for Session One	54	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session One	54	(1)
Therapy Session Two	55	(9)
Goals of Session Two	55	(1)
Summary of Session Two	55	(1)
Review of Homework from Session One	55	(1)
Lecture A	55	(5)
Theory of emotional disturbance	55	(1)
Automatic thoughts	56	(1)
Negative core beliefs	57	(1)
Negative content: The negative cognitive triad	58	(1)
Logical errors	59	(1)
Exercise: Categorising Beliefs and Thought Processes	60	(1)
Lecture B	60	(2)
Anxiety	60	(1)
Thought catching	61	(1)
Exercise: Automatic Thoughts about Group Therapy	62	(1)
Lecture C: Resistances to Therapy	62	(1)
Exercise	62	(1)
Identifying potential resistance	62	(1)
Homework contract	62	(1)
Homework for Session Two	63	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Two	63	(1)
Therapy Session Three	64	(9)
Goals of Session Three	64	(1)
Summary of Session Three	64	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Two	64	(1)
Lecture A: Behavioural Consequences of Beliefs	65	(1)
Exercise: Thought Injection	65	(1)
Lecture B: The Vertical (or Downward) Arrow Procedure	65	(4)
Demonstration	69	(2)
Exercise: Vertical Arrow	71	(1)
Homework for Session Three	71	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Three	71	(2)
Therapy Session Four	73	(6)
Goals of Session Four	73	(1)
Summary of Session Four	73	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Three	73	(1)
Lecture A: Advanced Vertical Arrow	74	(1)
Exercise: More Vertical Arrows	74	(1)
Lecture B: Categorising Beliefs	74	(2)
Exercise: Categorising beliefs	76	(1)
Homework	76	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Four	77	(2)
Therapy Session Five	79	(5)
Goals of Session Five	79	(1)
Summary of Session Five	79	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Four	79	(1)
Lecture A: Making a `Master List' of Beliefs	80	(1)
Exercise: Master List of Beliefs	80	(1)
Lecture B: Cognitive Maps	81	(1)
Exercise: Making Cognitive Maps	81	(1)
Lecture C: Use of SUD Ratings	81	(1)
Exercise: SUDs Ratings	82	(1)
Homework for Session Five	82	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Five	82	(2)
Therapy Session Six	84	(5)
Goals of Session Six	84	(1)
Summary of Session Six	84	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Five	84	(1)
Lecture A: Do You Believe in Father Christmas? Beliefs Can Be Changed	85	(1)
Exercise: Beliefs That Have Changed	86	(1)
Lecture B	86	(1)
Testing your beliefs: the Lock Ness Monster analogy	86	(1)
Objective Analysis: you be the judge and jury	86	(1)
Exercise: Objective Analysis	86	(1)
Lecture C: Standard Analysis	87	(1)
Homework for Session Six	87	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Six	87	(2)
Therapy Session Seven	89	(4)
Goals of Session Seven	89	(1)
Summary of Session Seven	89	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Six	89	(1)
Lecture A: Utility Analysis	90	(1)
Exercise: Utility Analysis	91	(1)
Lecture B: Consistency Analysis	92	(1)
Exercise: Consistency Analysis	92	(1)
Homework for Session Seven	92	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Seven	92	(1)
Therapy Session Eight	93	(6)
Goals of Session Eight	94	(1)
Summary of Session Eight	94	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Seven	94	(1)
Lecture A: Logical Analysis	94	(3)
Starting your case	95	(1)
Defining your terms	95	(1)
Deciding your rules	96	(1)
Examining the evidence	97	(1)
Deciding your verdict	97	(1)
Demonstration and Exercise: Logical Analysis	97	(1)
Lecture B: Logical Analysis Continued	97	(1)
Exercise Logical Analysis	97	(2)
Homework for Session Eight	97	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Eight	97	(2)
Therapy Session Nine	99	(7)
Goals of Session Nine	99	(1)
Summary of Session Nine	99	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Eight	100	(1)
Lecture A: Hierarchy Construction	100	(1)
Exercise: Hierarchy Construction	101	(1)
Lecture B	101	(3)
Countering	101	(1)
Characteristics of counters	102	(2)
How countering works	104	(1)
Exercise: Countering	104	(1)
Homework for Session Nine	104	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Nine	105	(1)
Therapy Session Ten	106	(7)
Goals of Session Ten	106	(1)
Summary of Session Ten	106	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Nine	106	(1)
Lecture A: Perceptual Shift	107	(2)
Exercise: Perceptual Shift	109	(1)
Lecture B	109	(1)
Review	109	(1)
VCI preparation	109	(1)
Voluntary cortical inhibition (VCI)	110	(1)
Exercise: Voluntary Cortical Inhibition	110	(1)
Homework for Session Ten	110	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Ten	111	(2)
Therapy Sessions Eleven and Twelve	113	(6)
Goals of Session Eleven	113	(1)
Summary of Session Eleven	113	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Ten	113	(1)
Lecture A: Self-Punishment-Self-Reward	114	(1)
Exercise: Self-Punishment-Self-Reward	114	(1)
Lecture B: Continued Change	114	(2)
Rehearsing the counters	115	(1)
Catching yourself using the old false or negative beliefs and countering them.	115	(1)
Using imagery	115	(1)
Simulating real situations	115	(1)
Using real situations	115	(1)
Exercise: Planning for the Future	116	(1)
Termination Function	116	(1)
Homework for Session Eleven	116	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Eleven	116	(1)
Goals of Session Twelve	117	(1)
Summary of Session Twelve	117	(1)
Review of Homework from Session Eleven	117	(1)
Group Discussion: Review of the Program	117	(1)
Arragements for Follow-Up and Post-Treatment Assessment	117	(1)
Termination Function	118	(1)
Problems That May Arise in Session Twelve	118	(1)
Part III: Some Final considerations	119	(8)
Further Developments and Future Directions	121	(6)
Summary of Chapter 16	121	(1)
The Future of Psychoeducational Cognitive Therapy	121	(1)
Development of this Program	122	(3)
Cut-down cognitive therapy	123	(1)
One-day workshop	123	(1)
Evaluation	124	(1)
Process Issues	125	(2)
Appendices	127	(1)
List of Appendices	128	(65)
Appendix 1 Phone Screening Protocol	130	(1)
Appendix 2 Intake Protocol	131	(1)
Appendix 3 Group Cognitive Therapy Program	132	(1)
Appendix 4 An Introduction to Cognitive Therapy	133	(2)
Appendix 5 Homework Contract	135	(2)
Appendix 6 Overhead Projector Transparency Master	137	(45)
Appendix 7 Master List of Beliefs	182	(1)
Appendix 8 Examples of Logical Analysis	183	(6)
Appendix 9 Logical Analysis Worksheet	189	(1)
Appendix 10 Four Column Chart (Perceptual Shift)	190	(1)
Appendix 11 Negative Emotion Chart (Hierarchy Form)	191	(1)
Appendix 12 References for Belief Change	192	(1)
References	193	(6)
Index	199