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9780495800187

A Concise Introduction to Logic (with iLrn™ Printed Access Card)

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780495800187

  • ISBN10:

    049580018X

  • Edition: 10th
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2008-12-23
  • Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
  • View Upgraded Edition
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List Price: $215.99

Summary

Tens of thousands of students have learned to be more discerning at constructing and evaluating arguments with the help of Patrick J. Hurley. Hurley's lucid, friendly, yet thorough presentation has made A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC the most widely used logic text in North America. In addition, the book's accompanying technological resources, such as CengageNOW and Learning Logic, include interactive exercises as well as video and audio clips to reinforce what you read in the book and hear in class. In short, you'll have all the assistance you need to become a more logical thinker and communicator.

Table of Contents

Informal Logic
Basic Concepts
Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions
Recognizing Arguments
Deduction and Induction
Validity, Truth, Soundness, Strength, Cogency
Argument Forms: Proving Invalidity
Extended Arguments
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Aristotle
Eminent Logicians: Chrysippus
Language: Meaning and Definition
Varieties of Meaning
The Intension and Extension of Terms
Definitions and Their Purposes
Definitional Techniques
Criteria for Lexical Definitions
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Abelard
Informal Fallacies
Fallacies in General
Fallacies of Relevance
Fallacies of Weak Induction
Fallacies of Presumption, Ambiguity, and Grammatical Analogy
Fallacies in Ordinary Language
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Ockham
Formal Logic
Categorical Propositions
The Components of Categorical Propositions
Quality, Quantity, and Distribution
Venn Diagrams and the Modern Square of Opposition
Conversion, Obversion, and Contraposition
The Traditional Square of Opposition
Venn Diagrams and the Traditional Standpoint
Translating Ordinary Language Statements into Categorical Form
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Boole
Categorical Syllogisms
Standard Form, Mood, and Figure
Venn Diagrams
Rules and Fallacies
Reducing the Number of Terms
Ordinary Language Arguments
Enthymemes
Sorites
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Venn
Propositional Logic
Symbols and Translation
Truth Functions
Truth Tables for Propositions
Truth Tables for Arguments
Indirect Truth Tables
Argument Forms and Fallacies
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Leibniz
Eminent Logicians: De Morgan
Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic
Rules of Implication I
Rules of Implication II
Rules of Replacement I
Rules of Replacement II
Conditional Proof
Indirect Proof
Proving Logical Truths
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Frege
Predicate Logic
Symbols and Translation
Using the Rules of Inference
Change of Quantifier Rule
Conditional and Indirect Proof
Proving Invalidity
Relational Predicates and Overlapping Quantifiers
Identity
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Whitehead / Russell
Eminent Logicians: G÷del
Inductive Logic
Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning
Analogical Reasoning
Legal Reasoning
Moral Reasoning
Summary
Causality and Mill's Methods
"Cause" and Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
Mill's Five Methods
Mill's Methods and Science
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Mill
Probability
Theories of Probability
The Probability Calculus
Summary
Statistical Reasoning
Evaluating Statistics
Samples
The Meaning of "Average"
Dispersion
Graphs and Pictograms
Percentages
Summary
Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning
The Hypothetical Method
Hypothetical Reasoning: Four Examples from Science
The Proof of Hypotheses
The Tentative Acceptance of Hypotheses
Summary
Eminent Logicians: Peirce
Science and Superstition
Distinguishing Between Science and Superstition
Evidentiary Support
Objectivity
Integrity
Concluding Remarks
Summary
Appendix: Logic and Graduate-Level Admissions Tests
Answers to Selected Exercises
Glossary/Index
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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