Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Purchase Benefits
What is included with this book?
Preface | p. xi |
About the Authors | p. xix |
The Sociological Approach | p. 1 |
The Sociological Perspective | p. 1 |
Sociology | p. 2 |
Assumptions of the Sociological Perspective | p. 3 |
The Sociological Imagination | p. 6 |
Problems with the Sociological Perspective | p. 6 |
The Historical Development of Sociology | p. 9 |
Auguste Comte (1798-1857): The Science of Society | p. 9 |
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917): Social Facts and the Social Bond | p. 9 |
Karl Marx (1818-1883): Economic Determinism | p. 10 |
Max Weber (1864-1920): A Response to Marx | p. 10 |
Sociological Methods: The Craft of Sociology | p. 11 |
Sociological Questions | p. 11 |
Problems in Collecting Data | p. 14 |
A Closer Look: Thinking Like a Sociologist | p. 13 |
Research Methods: Standards for Objectivity and Integrity in Social Research | p. 17 |
Sources of Data | p. 19 |
The Structure of Social Groups | p. 25 |
The Micro Level | p. 25 |
Social Organization | p. 25 |
A Closer Look: The Isolating Effects of E-Mail | p. 26 |
Norms | p. 28 |
Status and Role | p. 29 |
Social Control | p. 32 |
Primary and Secondary Groups | p. 32 |
Bureaucracy: The Ultimate Secondary Group | p. 34 |
Power of the Social Group | p. 35 |
The Societal or Macro Level | p. 41 |
Society as a Social System | p. 41 |
The Culture of Society | p. 42 |
Social Classes | p. 42 |
Social Institutions | p. 42 |
Diversity: Gay Marriage? | p. 43 |
The Duality of Social Life: Order and Conflict | p. 49 |
Social Systems: Order and Conflict | p. 50 |
Research Methods: Social Scientists and Values: Taking Sides | p. 50 |
The Order Model | p. 51 |
The Conflict Model | p. 52 |
The Duality of Social Life | p. 53 |
Synthesis of the Order and Conflict Models | p. 55 |
Division and Violence | p. 57 |
A Closer Look: Deepening Divides in U.S. Society | p. 58 |
Violence and the Myth of Peaceful Progress | p. 63 |
A Closer Look: Violence and Division in India | p. 64 |
The Integrative Forces in Society | p. 69 |
Diversity: The Media's Selective Perception of Race and Class | p. 72 |
The Use of the Order and Conflict Models in This Book | p. 73 |
The Individual in Society: Society in the Individual | p. 77 |
Culture | p. 77 |
Culture: The Knowledge That People Share | p. 78 |
Characteristics of Culture | p. 78 |
A Closer Look: Is the United States Culturally Superior? | p. 81 |
Types of Shared Knowledge | p. 82 |
The Social Construction of Reality | p. 86 |
A Closer Look: Cultural Time | p. 88 |
The Globalization of Culture? | p. 90 |
Globalization: The Downside to English as a Universal Language | p. 91 |
Values | p. 93 |
Values as Sources of Societal Integration and Social Problems | p. 94 |
A Closer Look: Triumph's Great Failure | p. 98 |
Values and Behavior | p. 102 |
Cultural Diversity | p. 104 |
Research Methods: The Researcher as Participant | p. 105 |
Values from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 106 |
Socialization | p. 111 |
The Personality as a Social Product | p. 114 |
Charles H. Cooley (1864-1929): The Looking-Glass Self | p. 115 |
A Closer Look: The Looking-Glass Self and Body Image | p. 116 |
George Herbert Mead (1863-1931): Taking the Role of the Other | p. 116 |
Albert Bandura (1925- ): Social Cognitive Theory | p. 118 |
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939): The Psychoanalytic View | p. 118 |
Society's Socialization Agents | p. 119 |
A Closer Look: Learning to Hate | p. 120 |
A Closer Look: What Is the Impact of Media Violence on Youth? | p. 122 |
Similarities and Differences among the Members of Society | p. 125 |
Modal Personality Type | p. 125 |
Why We Are Not All Alike | p. 126 |
Social Control | p. 133 |
Agents of Ideological Social Control | p. 134 |
Family | p. 135 |
Education | p. 135 |
Religion | p. 136 |
Diversity: The Amish and Social Control | p. 137 |
Sport | p. 138 |
Media | p. 139 |
Government | p. 140 |
Agents of Direct Social Control | p. 141 |
Welfare | p. 142 |
Science and Medicine | p. 142 |
Government | p. 145 |
A Closer Look: The Iron Fist in the Land of Order | p. 146 |
Globalization: Terrorism: If It's a Muslim Problem, It Needs a Muslim Solution | p. 152 |
Social Control in the Private Sector: Implications for Contemporary Social Life | p. 153 |
A Closer Look: The Internet's Private Eye | p. 154 |
Social Control from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 157 |
Deviance | p. 161 |
Traditional Theories for the Causes of Deviance | p. 164 |
The Individual as the Source of Deviance | p. 164 |
The Blaming-the-Victim Critique | p. 168 |
Society as the Source of Deviance | p. 173 |
Labeling Theory | p. 173 |
Diversity: The Criminal Justice System: Unreasonable Stops and Searches by Race | p. 175 |
Human Agency: The Gay Rights Movement | p. 181 |
Conflict Theory | p. 182 |
A Closer Look: Corporate Perjury and Obstruction of Justice | p. 184 |
Deviance from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 186 |
The Study of Society | p. 191 |
Structural Sources of Societal Change: Economic and Demographic | p. 191 |
Globalization and the Structural Transformation of the Economy | p. 191 |
Globalization: Boxing Up U.S. Jobs and Sending Them Overseas | p. 194 |
Structural Changes in the U.S. Economy Resulting from Globalization | p. 195 |
A Closer Look: Capitalism's Changing Job Market: A Process of Creative Destruction | p. 198 |
The New Immigration and the Changing Racial Landscape | p. 204 |
Immigration Patterns | p. 205 |
The Consequences of the New Immigration | p. 207 |
The Reaction of the Hosts to the New Immigrants | p. 209 |
Human Agency: Low-Wage Immigrant Workers Fight Back | p. 211 |
Immigration and Agency | p. 213 |
Diversity: Newcomers Bring Diversity but Fuel Fears | p. 214 |
The Aging Society | p. 217 |
The Demographics of an Aging Society | p. 217 |
Problems of an Aging Society | p. 219 |
Responses by the Elderly: Human Agency | p. 222 |
The Three Structural Transformations of Society | p. 223 |
Social Stratification | p. 229 |
A Closer Look: Birth as Destiny: India's Caste System | p. 230 |
Globalization: Inequality among Nations | p. 231 |
Major Concepts | p. 231 |
Class | p. 233 |
Race and Ethnicity | p. 233 |
Gender | p. 234 |
The Intersection of Class, Race, and Gender | p. 235 |
Theories of Stratification | p. 236 |
Order Theory | p. 236 |
Conflict Theory | p. 236 |
Deficiency Theories | p. 237 |
Biological Inferiority | p. 238 |
Research Methods: The Political Climate and Scientific Ideas | p. 240 |
Cultural Inferiority | p. 243 |
Structural Theories | p. 244 |
Institutional Discrimination | p. 244 |
The Political Economy of Society | p. 246 |
Diversity: Who Benefits from Poverty? | p. 247 |
Class | p. 253 |
Dimensions of Inequality | p. 254 |
Wealth | p. 254 |
Income | p. 254 |
Education | p. 255 |
Occupation | p. 257 |
The Consequences of Increasing Inequality for Society | p. 258 |
Social Classes | p. 260 |
The Order Model's Conception of Social Class | p. 261 |
The Conflict Model's Conception of Social Class | p. 262 |
Summary: Class from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 266 |
The Consequences of Social Class Positions | p. 267 |
Physical Health | p. 267 |
Family Instability | p. 269 |
The Draft | p. 270 |
Justice | p. 270 |
Education | p. 271 |
Social Mobility | p. 272 |
Education and Social Mobility | p. 274 |
Poverty in the United States | p. 276 |
Human Agency: Coping Strategies among the Poor | p. 278 |
Racial Minorities | p. 278 |
Nativity | p. 279 |
Gender | p. 279 |
Children | p. 280 |
The Elderly | p. 280 |
The Geography of Poverty | p. 280 |
The Severely Poor | p. 281 |
Myths about Poverty | p. 282 |
Refusal to Work | p. 282 |
Welfare Dependency | p. 283 |
A Closer Look: The New Welfare Policy: A Critique | p. 284 |
The Poor Get Special Advantages | p. 287 |
Welfare Is an African American and Latino Program | p. 288 |
Racial Inequality | p. 293 |
Racial and Ethnic Minorities | p. 294 |
Racial Categories | p. 295 |
Diversity: The Growing Difficulty of Defining Race | p. 297 |
Differences among Racial and Ethnic Groups | p. 298 |
Globalization: The Changing Face of Sweden: Dark Skin and Brown Eyes | p. 300 |
A Closer Look: Diverging Paths for Foreign-Born Blacks and African Americans | p. 302 |
Explanations of Racial and Ethnic Inequality | p. 305 |
Deficiency Theories | p. 306 |
Bias Theories | p. 306 |
Structural Discrimination Theories | p. 307 |
Racial Stratification from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 309 |
Discrimination against Blacks and Hispanics: Continuity and Change | p. 310 |
Income | p. 310 |
Education | p. 313 |
Unemployment | p. 314 |
Type of Employment | p. 314 |
Health | p. 315 |
Contemporary Trends and Issues in U.S. Racial and Ethnic Relations | p. 316 |
Growing Racial Strife | p. 317 |
More Racially Based Groups and Activities | p. 317 |
Economic Polarization in U.S. Inner Cities | p. 318 |
Racial Policies in the New Century | p. 319 |
Gender Inequality | p. 325 |
Diversity: Is a Gender-Free World Possible? | p. 326 |
Women and Men Are Differentiated and Ranked | p. 326 |
Is Gender Biological or Social? | p. 327 |
Gender and Power | p. 328 |
Gender Stratification from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 329 |
The Order Perspective | p. 329 |
The Conflict Perspective | p. 330 |
The Implications of the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 331 |
Learning Gender | p. 332 |
Children at Home | p. 332 |
Children at Play | p. 334 |
Formal Education | p. 336 |
Socialization as Blaming the Victim | p. 341 |
Reinforcing Male Dominance | p. 341 |
Language | p. 342 |
Interpersonal Behavior | p. 342 |
Mass Communications Media | p. 343 |
Religion | p. 344 |
The Law | p. 345 |
Politics | p. 346 |
Structured Gender Inequality | p. 348 |
Occupational Distribution | p. 348 |
The Earnings Gap | p. 351 |
Intersection of Race and Gender in the Workplace | p. 352 |
Pay Equity | p. 352 |
How Workplace Inequality Operates | p. 353 |
Gender in the Global Economy | p. 355 |
Globalization: Trafficking Sex for a Globalized Market | p. 356 |
The Costs and Consequences of Sexism | p. 357 |
Who Benefits? | p. 357 |
The Social and Individual Costs | p. 357 |
Fighting the System | p. 358 |
Feminist Movements in the United States | p. 358 |
Women's Struggles in the Twenty-First Century | p. 359 |
Human Agency: Empowering Poor Women and Protecting the Environment: The Story of Wangari Maathai, Nobel Peace Laureate | p. 360 |
Social Institutions | p. 365 |
The Economy | p. 365 |
Capitalism and Socialism | p. 366 |
Capitalism | p. 366 |
Socialism | p. 368 |
The Corporation-Dominated Economy | p. 369 |
Monopolistic Capitalism | p. 369 |
Transnational Corporations | p. 371 |
Capitalism and Inequality | p. 372 |
Concentration of Corporate Wealth | p. 372 |
Concentration of Private Wealth and Income | p. 373 |
Concentration of Want and Misery | p. 373 |
Work in U.S. Society | p. 374 |
The Problems of Work | p. 374 |
Human Agency: Sweatshop Workers Organize and Win | p. 379 |
Discrimination in the Workplace: The Perpetuation of Inequality | p. 382 |
Unemployment | p. 385 |
Capitalism in Crisis | p. 387 |
The Negative Consequences of Private Profitability over Social Need | p. 387 |
Excesses at the Heart of Capitalism: Greed, Cronyism, and Ripoffs | p. 388 |
A Closer Look: The Ten Habits of Highly Defective Corporations: Titans of the Enron Economy | p. 390 |
Declining Wages, Jobs, Consumerism, and Profits | p. 392 |
The Lack of Economic Planning | p. 393 |
Power and Politics | p. 399 |
Models of the National Power Structure | p. 400 |
Pluralist Models | p. 400 |
A Closer Look: Structural Barriers to Democracy | p. 402 |
A Closer Look: The Best Democracy Money Can Buy | p. 404 |
A Closer Look: Is the United States a Plutocracy? Some Warnings | p. 406 |
Elitist Models | p. 408 |
The Consequences of Concentrated Power | p. 417 |
Human Agency: The Constitutional Battle for Racial Equality | p. 420 |
Subsidies to Big Business | p. 421 |
Trickle-Down Solutions | p. 423 |
The Powerless Pay the Burden | p. 424 |
Foreign Policy for Corporate Benefit | p. 425 |
The Order and Conflict Perspectives on the Distribution of Power | p. 426 |
Families | p. 431 |
The Mythical Family in the United States | p. 431 |
Globalization: Families in Global Perspective: Family Upheavals around the World | p. 432 |
Families in Contemporary U.S. Society | p. 433 |
The Family in Capitalism | p. 433 |
Stratification and Family Life | p. 435 |
Structural Transformation and Family Life | p. 437 |
The Changing Composition of Households and Families | p. 439 |
Changes in Marriage and Family Roles | p. 441 |
The Social and Individual Benefits of Marriage | p. 442 |
The Benefits of Marriage Reconsidered | p. 443 |
Same-Sex Marriage | p. 444 |
Diversity: Why Family Issues Matter for Lesbians and Gays | p. 445 |
Divorce and Remarriage | p. 446 |
Work and Family Roles | p. 447 |
Research Methods: Researching Families: How Sociologist Arlie Hochschild Interviewed Couples about the Demands of Work and Family | p. 449 |
Children and Adolescents | p. 450 |
The Aged | p. 452 |
Violence in Families | p. 453 |
The Modern Family from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 455 |
Families of the Future | p. 456 |
Education | p. 461 |
The Characteristics of U.S. Education | p. 462 |
Education as a Conserving Force | p. 462 |
Mass Education | p. 462 |
Local Control of Education | p. 463 |
The Competitive Nature of U.S. Education | p. 466 |
The Sifting and Sorting Function of Schools | p. 466 |
Diversity: How to Leave No Child Behind | p. 467 |
Diversity: Cooling Out the Failures | p. 468 |
The Preoccupation with Order and Control | p. 469 |
Education and Inequality | p. 470 |
Finances | p. 472 |
Tracking and Teachers' Expectations | p. 478 |
Education from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 482 |
Religion | p. 487 |
Globalization: The Global Reach of the World's Major Religions | p. 490 |
Classical Sociology's Differing Interpretations of Religion | p. 492 |
Religion from the Order Perspective of Emile Durkheim | p. 492 |
Religion from the Conflict Perspective of Karl Marx | p. 492 |
Max Weber's View of Religion and Social Change | p. 493 |
Some Distinctive Features of U.S. Religion | p. 494 |
Civil Religion | p. 494 |
Globalization: Outsourcing Prayer | p. 494 |
The Variety of Religious Beliefs in the United States | p. 496 |
Diversity: Islam in the United States | p. 497 |
Religious Organization | p. 498 |
A Closer Look: The Heaven's Gate Cult | p. 501 |
Class, Race, Gender, Sexuality, and Religion | p. 502 |
The Relationship between Social Class and Religion | p. 502 |
Religion and Race: The Case of African Americans | p. 504 |
Religion and Gender | p. 505 |
Religion and Sexuality | p. 505 |
Diversity: Religion and Patriarchy | p. 506 |
Religious Trends | p. 507 |
The Decline of the Mainline Denominations | p. 509 |
The Rise of Christian Fundamentalism | p. 510 |
The Spread of the Evangelical Message via Savvy Marketing | p. 511 |
Contemporary Christianity and Politics | p. 513 |
The Religious Right | p. 513 |
The Role of Mainline Churches: Comfort or Challenge? | p. 514 |
Religion from the Order and Conflict Perspectives | p. 516 |
Human Agency | p. 521 |
Human Agency: Individuals and Groups in Society Changing Social Structures | p. 521 |
The Sociological Paradox: Social Structure and Agency | p. 521 |
Social Movements | p. 522 |
Types of Social Movements | p. 523 |
Human Agency: The Political Muscle of Americans with Disabilities | p. 524 |
The Life Course of Social Movements | p. 525 |
Globalization: Students against Sweatshops | p. 526 |
Agency: Social Change from the Bottom Up | p. 527 |
The Civil Rights Movement | p. 527 |
Gender Equity in Sports | p. 531 |
Conclusion | p. 535 |
Glossary | p. 539 |
References | p. 547 |
Name Index | p. 571 |
Subject Index | p. 576 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.