Constitutional Law for a Changing America: Rights, Liberties, and Justice

by Epstein, Lee; Walker, Thomas G.

• ISBN13: 9781568025421
• ISBN10: 1568025424
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-10-01
• Publisher: Congressional Quarterly Inc

Summary

This book is part of a two-volume set that highlights the role of politics in the development of constitutional law. It covers Americans' various rights to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press while it also examines cases that have addressed both discrimination and defendants' rights.

Author Biography

Lee Epstein is the Edward Mallinckrodt Distinguished University Professor of Political Science and Professor of Law at Washington University Thomas G. Walker is professor and chair of the Department of Political Science at Emory University

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
I THE SUPREME COURT AND THE CONSTITUTION
The Living Constitution	3	(1)
The Road to the Bill of Rights	3	(4)
The Amendment Process	7	(1)
The Supreme Court and the Amendment Process	7	(3)
Understanding the U.S. Supreme Court	10	(39)
Processing Supreme Court Cases	10	(12)
Supreme Court Decisionmaking: Legally Relevant Approaches	22	(10)
Supreme Court Decisionmaking: Extralegal Approaches	32	(11)
Conducting Research on the Supreme Court	43	(3)
Readings	46	(3)
The Judiciary: Institutional Powers and Constraints	49	(22)
Judicial Review	49	(10)
Marbury v. Madison (1803)	50	(9)
Constraints on Judical Power	59	(11)
Ex parte McCardle (1869)	60	(10)
Readings	70	(1)
Incorporation of the Bill of Rights	71	(30)
Must States Abide by the Bill of Rights? Initial Responses	71	(3)
Barron v. Baltimore (1833)	72	(2)
Incorporation Through the Fourteenth Amendment: Early Interpretations	74	(6)
Hurtado v. California (1884)	75	(5)
A Standard Emerges	80	(4)
Palko v. Connecticut (1937)	81	(3)
Incorporation in the Aftermath of Palko	84	(9)
Duncan v. Louisiana (1968)	86	(7)
Readings	93	(4)
II CIVIL LIBERTIES
Approaching Civil Liberties	97	(4)
Religion: Exercise and Establishment	101	(107)
Defining Religion	102	(3)
Free Exercise of Religion	105	(38)
Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940)	107	(6)
Sherbert v. Verner (1963)	113	(5)
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)	118	(8)
Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith (1990)	126	(9)
City of Boerne v. Flores (1997)	135	(8)
Religious Establishment	143	(64)
Everson v. Board of Education (1947)	146	(11)
Lemon v. Kurtzman; Earley v. DiCenso (1971)	157	(10)
Agostini v. Felton (1997)	167	(13)
Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)	180	(9)
School District of Abington Township v. Schempp (1963)	189	(8)
Lee v. Weisman (1992)	197	(10)
Readings	207	(1)
Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and Association	208	(102)
The Development of Legal Standards: The Emergence of Law in Times of Crisis	208	(33)
Schenck v. United States (1919)	211	(2)
Abrams v. United States (1919)	213	(5)
Gitlow v. New York (1925)	218	(11)
Dennis v. United States (1951)	229	(7)
Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969)	236	(5)
Regulating Expression: Content and Contexts	241	(68)
United States v. O'Brien (1968)	244	(3)
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)	247	(5)
Texas v. Johnson (1989)	252	(6)
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire (1942)	258	(1)
Cohen v. California (1971)	259	(7)
Hill v. Colorado (2000)	266	(6)
R. A. V. v. City of St. Paul, Minnesota (1992)	272	(6)
Wisconsin v. Mitchell (1993)	278	(3)
West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)	281	(5)
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)	286	(7)
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona (1977)	293	(6)
Central Hudson Gas and Electric Corporation v. Public Service Commission of New York (1980)	299	(4)
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000)	303	(6)
Readings	309	(1)
Freedom of the Press	310	(38)
Prior Restraint	311	(19)
Near v. Minnesota (1931)	311	(5)
New York Times v. United States (1971)	316	(9)
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)	325	(5)
Government Control of Press Content	330	(10)
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC (1969)	335	(5)
The Media and Special Rights	340	(6)
Branzburg v. Hayes (1972)	340	(6)
Readings	346	(2)
The Boundaries of Free Expression: Obscenity and Libel	348	(55)
Obscenity	348	(30)
Roth v. United States (1957)	350	(7)
Miller v. California (1973)	357	(5)
New York v. Ferber (1982)	362	(11)
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union (1997)	373	(5)
Libel	378	(24)
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)	379	(10)
Gertz v. Welch (1974)	389	(6)
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell (1988)	395	(7)
Readings	402	(1)
The Right to Keep and Bear Arms	403	(9)
The Supreme Court and the Second Amendment	404	(2)
United States v. Miller (1939)	404	(2)
The States and the Second Amendment	406	(1)
Rethinking the Second Amendment	407	(4)
Readings	411	(1)
The Right to Privacy	412	(73)
The Right to Privacy: Foundations	413	(8)
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)	415	(6)
Reproductive Freedom and the Right to Privacy: Abortion	421	(20)
Roe v. Wade (1973)	423	(18)
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992)	441	(16)
Private Activities and the Application of Griswold	457	(17)
Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)	458	(6)
Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health (1990)	464	(10)
Readings	474	(5)
III THE RIGHTS OF THE CRIMINALLY ACCUSED
The Criminal Justice System and Constitutional Rights	479	(1)
Overview of the Criminal Justice System	479	(3)
Trends in Court Decisionmaking	482	(3)
Investigations and Evidence	485	(71)
The Fourth Amendment: Historical Notes	486	(1)
The Supreme Court and the Fourth Amendment	487	(30)
Illinois v. Gates (1983)	488	(5)
Katz v. United States (1967)	493	(9)
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton (1995)	502	(6)
Terry v. Ohio (1968)	508	(9)
Enforcing the Fourth Amendment: The Exclusionary Rule	517	(14)
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)	519	(7)
United States v. Leon (1984)	526	(5)
The Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination	531	(23)
Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)	532	(4)
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)	536	(12)
Dickerson v. United States (2000)	548	(6)
Readings	554	(2)
Attorneys, Trials, and Punishments	556	(72)
The Right to Counsel	556	(11)
Powell v. Alabama (1932)	557	(4)
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)	561	(6)
The Pretrial Period and the Right to Bail	567	(4)
United States v. Salerno (1987)	567	(4)
The Sixth Amendment and Fair Trials	571	(18)
Batson v. Kentucky (1986)	574	(7)
Sheppard v. Maxwell (1966)	581	(4)
Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia (1980)	585	(4)
Trial Proceedings	589	(1)
Final Trial Stage: An Overview of Sentencing	590	(1)
The Eight Amendment	591	(21)
Gregg v. Georgia (1976)	593	(9)
McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)	602	(10)
The Double Jeopardy Clause	612	(2)
Attorneys, Trials, and Punishments: (Re)Emerging Issues	614	(1)
Readings	614	(5)
IV CIVIL RIGHTS
Civil Rights and the Constitution	619	(1)
The Fourteenth Amendment	620	(6)
The Fifteenth Amendment	626	(2)
Discrimination	628	(122)
Racial Discrimination	628	(41)
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)	629	(7)
Sweatt v. Painter (1950)	636	(2)
Brown v. Board of Education (I) (1954)	638	(4)
Brown v. Board of Education (II) (1955)	642	(3)
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971)	645	(5)
United States v. Fordice (1992)	650	(6)
Loving v. Virginia (1967)	656	(5)
Shelley v. Kraemer (1948)	661	(3)
Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority (1961)	664	(2)
Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis (1972)	666	(3)
Sex Discrimination	669	(27)
Reed v. Reed (1971)	671	(3)
Frontiero v. Richardson (1973)	674	(3)
Craig v. Boren (1976)	677	(6)
United States v. Virginia (1996)	683	(8)
Rostker v. Goldberg (1981)	691	(5)
Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation	696	(6)
Romer v. Evans (1996)	696	(6)
Other Forms of Discrimination	702	(16)
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (1973)	704	(7)
Saenz v. Roe (1999)	711	(7)
Remedying the Effects of Discrimination: Affirmative Action	718	(27)
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)	721	(8)
Johnson v. Transportation Agency of Santa Clara County, California (1987)	729	(4)
City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co. (1989)	733	(6)
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena (1995)	739	(6)
Contemporary Developments in Discrimination Law	745	(3)
Readings	748	(2)
Voting and Representation	750	(85)
Voting Rights	750	(16)
Louisiana v. United States (1965)	754	(3)
South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966)	757	(6)
California Democratic Party v. Jones (2000)	763	(3)
Political Representation	766	(27)
Baker v. Carr (1962)	769	(5)
Reynolds v. Sims (1964)	774	(12)
Miller v. Johnson (1995)	786	(7)
Readings	793	(4)
REFERENCE MATERIAL
Constitution of the United States	797	(10)
Federalist Paper, No. 78	807	(4)
U.S. Presidents	811	(2)
Thumbnail Sketch of the Supreme Court's History	813	(2)
The Justices	815	(6)
Natural Courts	821	(6)
Supreme Court Calendar	827	(1)
Briefing Supreme Court Cases	828	(2)
Glossary	830	(5)
Subject Index	835	(18)
Case Index	853	(7)
Illustration Credits	860