Created Equal, Brief Edition, Volume I (Chapters 1-15)

by Jones, Jacqueline; Wood, Peter H.; Borstelmann, Thomas; May, Elaine Tyler; Ruiz, Vicki L.

• ISBN13: 9780321195074
• ISBN10: 0321195078
• Edition: BRIEF
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-01
• Publisher: Longman

Summary

With its sweeping inclusive view of American history, Created Equal, Brief Edition, Volume I emphasizes social history including the lives and labors of women, immigrants, working people, and persons of color in all regions of the country while delivering the basics of political and economic history. In this new, streamlined version of Created Equal, the authors have preserved the chronological framework and strong narrative thread, the rich tapestry of people and events, the engaging and illuminating stories, and many of the Connecting History and Interpreting History features of the original text, but have sharpened the presentation and prose and condensed each chapter by 25 percent.

Table of Contents

Maps	xxiii
Figures and Tables	xxiv
Features	xxv
Preface	xxvii
Meet the Authors	xxxi
Acknowledgments	xxxiii
PART ONE North American Founders	2	(80)
First Founders	4	(27)
Ancient America	5	(3)
The Question of Origins	5	(1)
The Archaic World	6	(1)
The Rise of Maize Agriculture	7	(1)
A Thousand Years of Change: A.D. 500 to 1500	8	(4)
Valleys of the Sun: The Mesoamerican Empires	9	(1)
The Anasazi: Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde	10	(1)
The Mississippians: Cahokia and Moundville	11	(1)
Linking the Continents	12	(6)
Oceanic Travel: The Norse and the Chinese	13	(1)
Portugal and the Beginnings of Globalization	14	(1)
Looking for the Indies: Da Gama and Columbus	15	(2)
In the Wake of Columbus: Competition and Exchange	17	(1)
Spain Enters the Americas	18	(5)
The Devastation of the Indies	19	(1)
The Spanish Conquest of the Aztecs	20	(1)
Magellan and Cortes Prompt New Searches	21	(1)
Three New Views of North America	21	(2)
The Protestant Reformation Plays Out in America	23	(5)
Reformation and Counter-Reformation in Europe	23	(2)
Competing Powers Lay Claim to Florida	25	(2)
The Background of English Expansion	27	(1)
Lost Colony: The Roanoke Experience	27	(1)
Conclusion	28	(1)
Sites to Visit	29	(1)
For Further Reading	29	(2)
European Footholds on the Fringes of North America, 1600--1660	31	(24)
Spain's Ocean-Spanning Reach	32	(5)
Vizcaino in California and Japan	32	(1)
Onate Creates a Spanish Foothold in the Southwest	33	(2)
New Mexico Survives: New Flocks Among Old Pueblos	35	(1)
Conversion and Rebellion in Spanish Florida	36	(1)
France and Holland: Overseas Competition for Spain	37	(4)
The Founding of New France	37	(1)
Competing for the Beaver Trade	38	(1)
A Dutch Colony on the Hudson River	39	(1)
``All Sorts of Nationalities'': Diverse New Amsterdam	40	(1)
English Beginnings on the Atlantic Coast	41	(4)
The Virginia Company and Jamestown	42	(1)
``Starving Time'' and the Lure of Tobacco	43	(1)
Launching the Plymouth Colony	44	(1)
The Puritan Experiment	45	(6)
Formation of the Massachusetts Bay Company	45	(1)
``We Shall Be as a City upon a Hill''	46	(2)
Dissenters: Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson	48	(1)
Expansion and Violence: The Pequot War	49	(2)
The Chesapeake Bay Colonies	51	(2)
The Demise of the Virginia Company	51	(1)
Maryland: The Catholic Refuge	52	(1)
Conclusion	53	(1)
Sites to Visit	53	(1)
For Further Reading	54	(1)
Interpreting History: Anne Bradstreet: ``The Tenth Muse, Lately Sprung Up in America''	47	(8)
Controlling the Edges of the Continent, 1660--1715	55	(27)
France and the American Interior	56	(5)
The Rise of the Sun King	56	(1)
Exploring the Mississippi Valley	57	(1)
King William's War in the Northeast	58	(1)
Founding the Louisiana Colony	59	(2)
The Spanish Empire on the Defensive	61	(4)
The Pueblo Revolt in New Mexico	61	(1)
Navajo and Spanish on the Southwestern Frontier	62	(1)
Borderland Conflict in Texas and Florida	62	(3)
England's American Empire Takes Shape	65	(4)
Monarchy Restored and Navigation Controlled	65	(1)
Fierce Anglo-Dutch Competition	66	(1)
The New Restoration Colonies	67	(2)
Bloodshed in the English Colonies: 1670--1690	69	(6)
Metacom's War in New England	69	(2)
Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia	71	(2)
The ``Glorious Revolution'' in England	73	(1)
The ``Glorious Revolution'' in America	74	(1)
Consequences of War and Growth: 1690--1715	75	(3)
Salem's Wartime Witch Hunt	75	(1)
The Uneven Costs of War	76	(2)
Storm Clouds in the South	78	(1)
Conclusion	78	(2)
Sites to Visit	80	(1)
For Further Reading	80	(2)
Connecting History: Homeland Security and Deep Fears of the Enemy Within	70	(12)
PART TWO A Century of Colonial Expansion to 1775	82	(80)
African Enslavement: The Terrible Transformation	84	(26)
The Descent into Race Slavery	85	(3)
The Caribbean Precedent	85	(1)
Ominous Beginnings	86	(1)
Alternative Sources of Labor	87	(1)
The Fateful Transition	88	(1)
The Growth of Slave Labor Camps	88	(3)
Black Involvement in Bacon's Rebellion	89	(1)
The Rise of a Slaveholding Tidewater Elite	90	(1)
Closing the Vicious Circle in the Chesapeake	90	(1)
England Enters the Atlantic Slave Trade	91	(5)
The Slave Trade on the African Coast	91	(3)
The Middle Passage Experience	94	(1)
Saltwater Slaves Arrive in America	95	(1)
Survival in a Strange New Land	96	(5)
African Rice Growers in South Carolina	97	(2)
Patterns of Resistance	99	(1)
A Wave of Rebellion	100	(1)
The Transformation Completed	101	(6)
Voices of Dissent	101	(3)
Oglethorpe's Antislavery Experiment	104	(1)
The End of Equality in Georgia	105	(2)
Conclusion	107	(1)
Sites to Visit	108	(1)
For Further Reading	109	(1)
Interpreting History: ``Releese Us out of This Cruell Bondegg''	103	(7)
An American Babel, 1713--1763	110	(27)
New Cultures on the Western Plains	111	(4)
The Spread of the Horse	112	(1)
The Rise of the Comanche	113	(1)
The Expansion of the Sioux	113	(2)
Britain's Mainland Colonies: A New Abundance of People	115	(4)
Population Growth on the Home Front	117	(1)
``Packed Like Herrings'': Arrivals from Abroad	118	(1)
Non-English Newcomers in the British Colonies	118	(1)
The Varied Economic Landscape	119	(6)
Sources of Gain in the Southeast	121	(1)
Chesapeake Bay's Tobacco Economy	121	(2)
New England Takes to the Sea	123	(1)
Economic Expansion in the Middle Colonies	124	(1)
Matters of Faith: The Great Awakening	125	(5)
Seeds of Religious Toleration	125	(1)
The Onset of the Great Awakening: Pietism and George Whitefield	126	(1)
``The Danger of an Unconverted Ministry''	127	(1)
The Consequences of the Great Awakening	128	(2)
The French Lose a North American Empire	130	(5)
Prospects and Problems Facing French Colonists	130	(1)
British Settlers Confront the Threat from France	131	(1)
An American Fight Becomes a Global Conflict	132	(1)
Quebec Taken and North America Refashioned	133	(2)
Conclusion	135	(1)
Sites to Visit	135	(1)
For Further Reading	135	(2)
Connecting History: Sounds Around Us: The Lost World of High Fidelity	128	(9)
The Limits of Imperial Control, 1763--1775	137	(25)
New Challenges to Spain's Expanded Empire	139	(3)
Pacific Exploration, Hawaiian Contact	139	(1)
The Russians Lay Claim to Alaska	140	(1)
Spain Colonizes the California Coast	141	(1)
New Challenges to Britain's Expanded Empire	142	(6)
Midwestern Lands and Pontiac's War for Indian Independence	143	(1)
Grenville's Effort at Reform	144	(1)
The Stamp Act Imposed	145	(1)
The Stamp Act Resisted	145	(3)
``The Unconquerable Rage of the People''	148	(3)
Expanding the Framework for Revolution	149	(1)
Rural Unrest: Tenant Farmers and Regulators	150	(1)
A Conspiracy of Corrupt Ministers?	151	(3)
The Townshend Duties	152	(1)
The Boston Massacre	153	(1)
The Gaspee Affair	154	(1)
Launching a Revolution	154	(5)
The Tempest over Tea	155	(1)
The Intolerable Acts	155	(1)
From Words to Action	156	(3)
Conclusion	159	(1)
Sites to Visit	160	(1)
For Further Reading	160	(2)
PART THREE The Unfinished Revolution, 1775--1803	162	(78)
Revolutionaries at War, 1775--1783	164	(27)
Declaring Independence	166	(5)
The Second Continental Congress Takes Control	166	(1)
``Liberty to Slaves''	167	(1)
The Struggle to Control Boston and Quebec	168	(1)
``Time to Part''	168	(1)
The British Attack New York	169	(2)
``Victory or Death'': Fighting for Survival	171	(5)
A Desperate Gamble Pays Off	171	(1)
Breakdown in British Planning	172	(1)
Saratoga Tips the Balance	173	(2)
Forging an Alliance with France	175	(1)
Legitimate States, a Respectable Military	176	(6)
The Articles of Confederation	176	(1)
Creating State Constitutions	177	(1)
Tensions in the Military Ranks	178	(1)
Shaping a Diverse Army	179	(1)
The War at Sea	180	(2)
The Long Road to Yorktown	182	(7)
Indian Warfare and Frontier Outposts	182	(2)
The Unpredictable War in the South	184	(2)
The Final Campaign	186	(1)
Winning the Peace	187	(2)
Conclusion	189	(1)
Sites to Visit	189	(1)
For Further Reading	190	(1)
Connecting History: Uncanny Similarities: Britain's Vietnam?	180	(11)
New Beginnings: The 1780s	191	(25)
Beating Swords into Plowshares	193	(3)
Will the Army Seize Control?	193	(1)
The Society of the Cincinnati	194	(1)
Renaming the Landscape	194	(1)
An Independent Culture	195	(1)
Competing for Control of the Mississippi Valley	196	(5)
Disputed Territory: The Old Southwest	196	(2)
American Claims and Indian Resistance	198	(1)
``We Are Now Masters'': The Old Northwest	198	(2)
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787	200	(1)
Debtor and Creditor, Taxpayer and Bondholder	201	(5)
New Sources of Wealth	202	(1)
``Tumults in New England''	203	(1)
The Massachusetts Regulation	204	(2)
Drafting a New Constitution	206	(5)
Philadelphia: A Gathering of Like-Minded Men	206	(1)
Compromise and Consensus	207	(1)
Questions of Representation	208	(2)
Slavery: The Deepest Dilemma	210	(1)
Ratification and the Bill of Rights	211	(3)
The Campaign for Ratification	211	(1)
Dividing and Conquering the Anti-Federalists	212	(1)
Adding a Bill of Rights	213	(1)
Conclusion	214	(1)
Sites to Visit	214	(1)
For Further Reading	215	(1)
Connecting History: Equal Representation?	209	(7)
Revolutionary Legacies, 1789--1803	216	(24)
Competing Political Visions in the New Nation	218	(6)
Federalism and Democratic-Republicanism in Action	219	(1)
Planting the Seeds of Industry	220	(1)
Echoes of the American Revolution in the Countryside	220	(1)
Securing Peace Abroad, Suppressing Dissent at Home	221	(3)
People of Color: New Freedoms, New Struggles	224	(2)
Blacks in the North	224	(1)
Manumissions in the South	225	(1)
Continuity and Change in the West	226	(5)
Indian Wars in the Great Lakes Region	227	(1)
Indian Acculturation in the West	227	(2)
Land Speculation and Slavery	229	(2)
Shifting Social Identities in the Post-Revolutionary Era	231	(4)
Artisan-Politicians and the Plight of Post-Revolutionary Workers	232	(1)
``Republican Mothers'' and Other Well-Off Women	232	(2)
A Loss of Political Influence: The Fate of Nonelite Women	234	(1)
The Election of 1800: Revolution or Reversal?	235	(2)
The Enigmatic Thomas Jefferson	235	(1)
Protecting and Expanding the National Interest: Jefferson's Administration to 1803	236	(1)
Conclusion	237	(1)
Sites to Visit	238	(1)
For Further Reading	238	(2)
PART FOUR Expanding the Boundaries of Freedom and Slavery, 1803--1848	240	(68)
Defending and Expanding the New Nation, 1803--1818	242	(19)
The British Menace	244	(3)
The Embargo of 1807	244	(1)
On the Brink of War	245	(2)
The War of 1812	247	(4)
Pushing North	247	(1)
Fighting on Many Fronts	248	(2)
An Uncertain Victory	250	(1)
The ``Era of Good Feelings''?	251	(4)
Praise and Respect for Veterans After the War	251	(1)
A Thriving Economy	252	(1)
Transformations in the Workplace	253	(2)
The Rise of the Cotton Plantation Economy	255	(4)
Regional Economies of the South	255	(1)
Black Family Life and Labor	256	(2)
Resistance to Slavery	258	(1)
Conclusion	259	(1)
Sites to Visit	260	(1)
For Further Reading	260	(1)
Expanding Westward: Society and Politics in the ``Age of the Common Man,'' 1819--1832	261	(22)
The Politics Behind Western Expansion	262	(8)
The Missouri Compromise	263	(1)
Ways West	264	(2)
The Panic of 1819 and the Plight of Western Debtors	266	(1)
The Monroe Doctrine	267	(1)
Andrew Jackson's Rise to Power	268	(2)
Federal Authority and Its Opponents	270	(4)
Judicial Federalism and the Limits of Law	271	(2)
The ``Tariff of Abominations''	273	(1)
The ``Monster Bank''	273	(1)
Real People in the ``Age of the Common Man''	274	(5)
Wards, Workers, and Warriors: Native Americans	274	(1)
Slaves and Free People of Color	275	(2)
The Legal and Economic Dependence of Women	277	(2)
Ties That Bound a Growing Population	279	(2)
New Visions of Religious Faith	279	(1)
Literate and Literary America	280	(1)
Conclusion	281	(1)
Sites to Visit	282	(1)
For Further Reading	282	(1)
Connecting History: The Strange Career of the Monroe Doctrine	268	(15)
Peoples in Motion, 1832--1848	283	(25)
Mass Migrations	285	(7)
Newcomers from Western Europe	285	(2)
The Slave Trade	287	(1)
Trails of Tears	288	(1)
Migrants in the West	289	(2)
New Places, New Identities	291	(1)
A Multitude of Voices in the National Political Arena	292	(5)
Whigs, Workers, and the Panic of 1837	292	(1)
Suppression of Antislavery Sentiment	293	(3)
Nativists as a Political Force	296	(1)
Reform Impulses	297	(3)
Public Education	297	(2)
Alternative Visions of Social Life	299	(1)
The United States Extends Its Reach	300	(6)
The Lone Star Republic	301	(1)
The Election of 1844	302	(1)
War with Mexico	302	(4)
Conclusion	306	(1)
Sites to Visit	307	(1)
For Further Reading	307	(1)
Interpreting History: Senator John C. Calhoun Warns Against Incorporating Mexico into the United States	304	(4)
PART FIVE Disunion and Reunion	308
The Crisis over Slavery, 1848--1860	310	(23)
Regional Economies and Conflicts	311	(5)
Native American Economies Transformed	312	(1)
Land Conflicts in the Southwest	312	(1)
Ethnic and Economic Diversity in the Midwest	313	(1)
Regional Economies of the South	314	(1)
A Free Labor Ideology in the North	315	(1)
Individualism vs. Group Identity	316	(5)
Putting into Practice Ideas of Social Inferiority	317	(1)
``A Teeming Nation''---America in Literature	317	(2)
Challenges to Individualism	319	(2)
The Paradox of Southern Political Power	321	(4)
The Party System in Disarray	321	(1)
The Compromise of 1850	322	(1)
Expansionism and Political Upheaval	322	(1)
The Republican Alliance	323	(2)
The Deepening Conflict over Slavery	325	(6)
The Rising Tide of Violence	326	(2)
The Dred Scott Decision	328	(1)
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates	328	(1)
Harpers Ferry and the Presidential Election of 1860	329	(2)
Conclusion	331	(1)
Sites to Visit	331	(1)
For Further Reading	332	(1)
Interpreting History: Professor Howe on the Subordination of Women	318	(15)
``To Fight to Gain a Country'': The Civil War	333	(23)
Mobilization for War, 1861--1862	335	(6)
The Secession Impulse	335	(2)
Preparing to Fight	337	(1)
Barriers to Southern Mobilization	338	(1)
Indians and Immigrants in the Service of the Confederacy	339	(2)
The Course of War, 1862--1864	341	(5)
The Republicans' War	341	(2)
The Ravages of War: The Summer of 1862	343	(1)
The Emancipation Proclamation	344	(1)
Persistent Obstacles to the Confederacy's Grand Strategy	345	(1)
The Other War: African American Struggles for Liberation	346	(2)
Enemies Within the Confederacy	346	(1)
The Ongoing Fight Against Prejudice in the North and South	346	(2)
Battle Fronts and Home Fronts in 1863	348	(2)
Disaffection in the Confederacy	348	(1)
The Tide Turns Against the South	349	(1)
Civil Unrest in the North	349	(1)
The Desperate South	350	(1)
The Prolonged Defeat of the Confederacy, 1864--1865	350	(4)
White Men's ``Hard War'' Toward African Americans and Indians	350	(1)
``Father Abraham''	351	(1)
The Last Days of the Confederacy	352	(2)
Conclusion	354	(1)
Sites to Visit	354	(1)
For Further Reading	355	(1)
In the Wake of War: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865--1877	356
The Struggle over the South	357	(10)
Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies	358	(1)
Presidential Reconstruction, 1865--1867	358	(3)
The Southern Postwar Labor Problem	361	(2)
Building Free Communities	363	(1)
Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals' Plan	364	(3)
Claiming Territory for the Union	367	(6)
Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians	368	(1)
The Postwar Western Labor Problem	369	(2)
Land Use in an Expanding Nation	371	(1)
Buying Territory for the Union	372	(1)
The Republican Vision and Its Limits	373	(5)
Postbellum Origins of the Women's Suffrage Movement	373	(1)
Workers' Organizations	374	(2)
Political Corruption and the Decline of Republican Idealism	376	(2)
Conclusion	378	(1)
Sites to Visit	378	(1)
For Further Reading	379
Connecting History: Two Presidents Impeached	366
Appendix	1	(1)
The Declaration of Independence	3	(2)
The Articles of Confederation	5	(4)
The Constitution of the United States of America	9	(6)
Amendments to the Constitution	15	(4)
Presidential Elections	19	(3)
Present Day United States	22	(2)
Present Day World	24
Credits	1	(1)
Index	1