Culture and Psychology : People Around the World

by MATSUMOTO

Edition:

2nd

ISBN13:

9780534354367

ISBN10:

053435436X

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

12/16/1999

Publisher(s):

Wadsworth Publishing

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Summary

David Matsumoto uses cross-cultural research as a platform to evaluate psychology as we know it and shows readers how to develop their own critical thinking skills. He encourages readers to raise questions about traditional knowledge and theories and to investigate the world around them so they can reap the benefits of diversity and turn its challenges into assets. The Second Edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect current developments in the field and provides an overview of how culture affects psychology to give students a framework they can use throughout the book.

Preface	p. xv
An Introduction to Cross-Cultural Psychology	p. 1
What Psychology Is All About	p. 2
The Creation of Knowledge and Truth in Science	p. 3
Understanding the Process of Research in Psychology	p. 4
Cross-Cultural Research and Psychology	p. 8
The Impact of Cross-Cultural Psychology: Gaining a Multicultural Perspective	p. 11
The Goal of This Book	p. 14
Glossary	p. 16
Understanding and Defining Culture	p. 17
Why Is It Important to Define Culture?	p. 17
The Use of the Term Culture in Everyday Language	p. 18
A Definition of Culture	p. 23
Pancultural Principles versus Culture-Specific Differences: Emics and Etics	p. 35
An Introduction to Ethnocentrism and Stereotypes	p. 37
Transforming Culture into a Measurable Construct	p. 38
The Influence of Culture on Psychology	p. 47
Conclusion	p. 49
Glossary	p. 50
Culture and Self	p. 53
Culture and Concepts of Self	p. 54
An Example of Different Cultural Conceptualizations of Self: Independent and Interdependent Selves	p. 56
Critical Thinking and Evaluation of the Analysis of Independent and Interdependent Selves	p. 66
Beyond Independent and Interdependent Self-Construals: Interrelated and Isolated Self-Concepts	p. 70
Multicultural Identities	p. 71
Conclusion	p. 73
Glossary	p. 73
Ethnocentrism, Stereotypes, and Prejudice	p. 75
Ethnocentrism and Intergroup Attitudes	p. 76
Stereotypes	p. 83
Prejudice, Discrimination, and "Isms"	p. 92
Going Beyond Prejudice and Discrimination	p. 97
Conclusion	p. 101
Glossary	p. 102
Evaluating Cross-Cultural Research	p. 105
Why It Is Important to Understand Cross-Cultural Research Methods	p. 105
The Nature of Truth in Psychology and the Importance of Research	p. 106
The Parameters and Conditions of Hypothesis-Testing Research	p. 109
Special Issues in Cross-Cultural Research	p. 115
Guidelines for Reviewing Cross-Cultural Research	p. 130
Conclusion	p. 134
Glossary	p. 136
Culture and Basic Psychological Processes	p. 137
Culture and the Biological Bases of Behavior	p. 137
Culture and Perception	p. 140
Culture and Cognition	p. 147
Culture and Consciousness	p. 157
Culture and Intelligence	p. 161
Conclusion	p. 171
Glossary	p. 172
Culture and Development	p. 173
Enculturation and Socialization	p. 173
Culture and Psychological Processes in Development	p. 193
Conclusion	p. 204
Glossary	p. 205
Culture and Gender	p. 209
The Relationship of Gender and Culture to Mainstream Psychology	p. 210
Some Definitions	p. 211
Cross-Cultural Research on Gender	p. 212
Conclusion	p. 225
Glossary	p. 226
Culture and Physical Health	p. 229
Cultural Differences in the Definition of Health	p. 230
Culture and Conceptions of the Body	p. 231
Sociocultural Influences on Physical Health and Medical Disease Processes	p. 232
Cultural Influences on Attitudes and Beliefs Related to Health and Disease	p. 242
A Model of Cultural Influences on Physical Health	p. 245
Cultural Differences in Dealing with Illness	p. 246
Conclusion	p. 249
Glossary	p. 250
Culture and Mental Health	p. 251
Defining Abnormality	p. 252
Culture and the Assessment of Abnormal Behavior	p. 261
Culture and the Treatment of Abnormal Behavior	p. 264
Conclusion	p. 269
Glossary	p. 270
Culture and Emotion	p. 271
The Importance of Emotion in Our Lives	p. 271
Culture and Emotion Expression	p. 272
Culture and Emotion Perception	p. 282
Culture and the Experience of Emotion	p. 290
Culture and the Antecedents of Emotion	p. 298
Culture and Emotion Appraisal	p. 301
Culture and the Concept and Language of Emotion	p. 305
Conclusion	p. 311
Glossary	p. 312
Culture and Language	p. 313
The Components of Language and Language Acquisition	p. 314
Language Differences across Cultures	p. 317
Language and Worldview: The Case for Linguistic Relativity	p. 323
Language and Behavior: The Special Case of Bilingualism	p. 330
Conclusion	p. 335
Glossary	p. 336
Culture and Nonverbal Behavior	p. 337
What Are Nonverbal Behaviors?	p. 337
Classifying the Functions of Nonverbal Behaviors	p. 338
Verbal and Nonverbal Behaviors in Communication	p. 340
Cultural Influences on Nonverbal Behaviors and Their Implications for Communication	p. 343
Cross-Cultural Research on Nonverbal Behaviors	p. 346
Applied Studies Examining Cross-Cultural Differences in Nonverbal Behaviors	p. 355
Conclusion	p. 356
Glossary	p. 357
Intercultural Communication	p. 359
Defining Communication	p. 360
The Components of Communication	p. 360
The Role of Culture in the Communication Process	p. 362
Intracultural versus Intercultural Communication	p. 365
Toward Effective Intercultural Communication	p. 373
Conclusion	p. 382
Glossary	p. 383
Culture and Personality	p. 385
Defining Personality	p. 386
Cross-Cultural Research on Personality	p. 388
Culture and the Five Factor Model of Personality	p. 394
The Measurement of Personality across Cultures	p. 397
The Measurement of Personality to Assess Psychopathology across Cultures	p. 398
Culture and Indigenous Personalities	p. 399
Conclusion	p. 401
Glossary	p. 402
Culture and Social Behavior	p. 403
Culture and Ingroup/Outgroup Relationships	p. 403
Culture, Person Perception, and Attractiveness	p. 410
Culture and Interpersonal Attraction: Love, Intimacy, and Intercultural Marriages	p. 414
Culture and Attributions	p. 421
Culture and Aggression	p. 433
Culture and Conformity, Compliance, Obedience, and Cooperation	p. 436
Conclusion	p. 441
Glossary	p. 442
Culture and Organizations	p. 445
Organizational Culture and Organizational Climate	p. 446
Culture and Organizational Structure	p. 448
Cultural Differences in Work-Related Values	p. 449
Recent Research on Organizational Culture	p. 458
Culture and the Meaning of Work	p. 469
Culture, Motivation, and Productivity	p. 470
Culture, Leadership, and Management Styles	p. 473
Culture and Decision-Making Processes	p. 476
Intercultural Issues Regarding Business and Work	p. 479
Conclusion	p. 485
Glossary	p. 486
Conclusion: Implications for Mainstream Psychology and Everyday Life	p. 489
Implications for Mainstream Psychology	p. 490
Implications for Our Everyday Lives	p. 495
Conclusion	p. 503
References	p. 507
Name Index	p. 551
Subject Index	p. 559
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Culture and Psychology : People Around the World

9780534354367

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Table of Contents