Educational Leadership And Planning For Technology

by Picciano, Anthony G.

• ISBN13: 9780131194717
• ISBN10: 0131194712
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

For courses in Introduction to Educational Administration and Leadership. The fourth edition of Educational Leadership and Planning for Technology is designed to provide educators with both the theoretical and the practical considerations for planning and implementing technology, particularly computer applications, in schools. Basic concepts of technology and planning that use systems theory are presented. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the total application of technology as opposed to any individual component, be it hardware, software, facilities, personnel, or finances. This book is meant to form a foundation from which educators will provide leadership and become agents for realizing the powerful potential of technology in their schools.

Table of Contents

SECTION I BASIC CONCEPTS AND FOUNDATIONS	1	(62)
Introduction to Technology and Planning	2	(14)
Purpose	4	(1)
The Potential in Primary and Secondary Schools	5	(2)
The Beginning Years	7	(2)
Steady Progress in Administrative Systems	9	(1)
Instructional Systems Show Promise	10	(1)
The Need for Planning	11	(2)
The Systems Approach	13	(1)
Organization	13	(1)
Summary	14	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	14	(1)
Suggested Activities	14	(1)
References	15	(1)
Basic Concepts of Planning	16	(26)
Schools as Social Systems	18	(1)
Evaluating the Bottom Line: The Social Process and Rational Models	19	(2)
Common Elements of Educational Planning	21	(1)
Comprehensiveness	21	(1)
Collaboration	21	(1)
Commitment	22	(1)
Continuity	22	(1)
Planning for Technology	22	(4)
Taking a Positive Attitude to Evaluation	26	(2)
Administrative and Instructional Applications	28	(8)
Planning for Administrative Applications	29	(3)
Planning for Instructional Applications	32	(4)
Case Study	36	(2)
Summary	38	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	39	(1)
Suggested Activities	40	(1)
References	40	(2)
Technology, Learning, and Equity Issues	42	(21)
Technocentric Education	43	(2)
When Should Computer Education Begin?	45	(2)
Special Education	47	(3)
Equity Issues	50	(6)
Gender Issues	50	(2)
Minority Issues	52	(2)
Socioeconomic Issues	54	(2)
Case Study	56	(1)
Summary	56	(2)
Key Concepts and Questions	58	(1)
Suggested Activities	58	(1)
References	58	(5)
SECTION II TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION	63	(136)
Technology in Educational Administration	64	(20)
Knowledge Is Power	65	(1)
The Age of Knowledge	66	(12)
Databases	66	(5)
Electronic Spreadsheets	71	(4)
Office Automation	75	(3)
Specialized Administrative Applications	78	(1)
Integrating It All Together: Data-Driven Decision Making	79	(1)
Case Study	80	(2)
Summary	82	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	82	(1)
Suggested Activities	83	(1)
References	83	(1)
Technology in Instruction	84	(28)
Instructional Computing: A New Beginning	85	(2)
Instructional Computing: Some History	87	(1)
A Brief Review of the Research	88	(2)
Defining Technology's Role: A Touch of Philosophy	90	(1)
Classification Systems and Definitions of Terms	91	(2)
Tutor Applications	93	(3)
Drill and Practice	93	(1)
Tutorials	93	(2)
Simulations	95	(1)
Instructional Games and Problem Solving	95	(1)
Tool Applications	96	(4)
Word Processing and Desktop Publishing	96	(2)
Spreadsheets	98	(1)
Databases	98	(1)
Electronic Encyclopedias and Reference Works	99	(1)
Specialized Tool Software	99	(1)
Tutee Applications	100	(2)
Logo	100	(1)
High-Level Programming Languages	101	(1)
Authoring Languages	101	(1)
Integrated Learning Systems	102	(1)
Multimedia: A Brief Word	103	(1)
Data Communications	104	(1)
Curriculum Integration and Planning	105	(1)
Case Study	106	(2)
Summary	108	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	108	(1)
Suggested Activities	109	(1)
References	109	(3)
Multimedia in Education	112	(22)
Multimedia Defined	113	(1)
Multimedia for Multiple Intelligences (MI)	114	(2)
Multimedia Literacy	116	(2)
Multimedia Systems	118	(3)
Basic Hardware Requirements for Multimedia	118	(1)
Sound and Video Hardware	119	(1)
Multimedia Hardware for Image, Sound, and Video Capturing	120	(1)
Analog Video and Digital Versatile Disc Technology	121	(2)
Videocassette	121	(1)
Analog Videodisc Technology	121	(1)
Digital Versatile Disc Technology	122	(1)
Multimedia Software	123	(1)
Authoring	123	(1)
Image, Video, and Sound Editing	124	(1)
Digital Animation	124	(1)
Multimedia for Teaching and Learning	124	(3)
Multimedia Resources and Copyrights	127	(1)
Media Distribution Systems	128	(2)
Case Study	130	(2)
Summary	132	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	132	(1)
Suggested Activities	133	(1)
References	133	(1)
Data Communications, the Internet, and Educational Applications	134	(32)
Data Communications in the Schools	136	(2)
The Internet	138	(4)
A Brief History	138	(1)
The Internet Today	139	(1)
The Future of the Internet	140	(2)
The World Wide Web	142	(5)
Protocols and Client Servers	143	(1)
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)	144	(1)
Web Browsers and Search Engines	145	(2)
Commercial Online Services	147	(1)
Applications on the Internet	148	(2)
Multimedia and the Web	150	(4)
Five Levels of Digital Media	150	(2)
Designing Multimedia for Web-Based Learning	152	(1)
Digital Videoconferencing	153	(1)
The Internet and Education	154	(8)
Global E-Mail	154	(1)
Information Navigation	155	(1)
Creating Web Sites	156	(1)
Course Management Software (CMS)	156	(5)
The Internet and Distance Learning	161	(1)
Summary	162	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	163	(1)
Suggested Activities	164	(1)
References	164	(2)
Distance Learning	166	(33)
Distance Learning Defined	168	(1)
Distance Learning Technologies: An Overview	168	(3)
Print Technologies	171	(2)
Audio Technologies	173	(1)
Audiocassettes	173	(1)
Radio	173	(1)
Audioconferencing	174	(1)
Audiographics	174	(1)
Video Technologies	174	(4)
Videocassettes	175	(1)
Television	175	(1)
Videoconferencing	176	(2)
Computer Technologies	178	(2)
Packaged Software	178	(1)
Synchronous Networks/Videoconferencing	178	(1)
Asynchronous Computer Networks	179	(1)
Blending Technologies	180	(1)
Designing Instructional Materials: A Comparison of Distance Learning Technologies	181	(7)
The Printed Study Guide	181	(3)
The Interactive Videoconference	184	(2)
Asynchronous Learning Using the Internet and World Wide Web	186	(2)
Designing Programs for Distance Learners	188	(3)
Distance Learning: Some Issues	191	(3)
Case Study	194	(2)
Summary	196	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	196	(1)
Suggested Activities	197	(1)
References	197	(2)
SECTION III PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION	199	(103)
Hardware Planning and Evaluation	200	(18)
Hardware Planning for the Long Range	201	(2)
Hardware Evaluation Criteria	203	(9)
Performance	205	(2)
Compatibility	207	(1)
Modularity/Expandability	208	(1)
Ergonomics	209	(1)
Software Availability	210	(1)
Vendor	210	(2)
Cost	212	(1)
Special Considerations for Administrative Applications	212	(1)
Special Considerations for Instructional Applications	213	(1)
Case Study	214	(1)
Summary	214	(2)
Key Concepts and Questions	216	(1)
Suggested Activities	216	(1)
References	217	(1)
Software Selection and Evaluation	218	(20)
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions	219	(2)
Software Evaluation Criteria	221	(6)
Efficiency	222	(1)
Ease of Use	223	(1)
Documentation	224	(1)
Hardware Requirements	225	(1)
Vendor	226	(1)
Cost	226	(1)
Administrative Software Evaluation Factors	227	(3)
Instructional Software Evaluation Factors	230	(2)
Case Study	232	(2)
Summary	234	(2)
Key Concepts and Questions	236	(1)
Suggested Activities	237	(1)
References	237	(1)
Staff Development	238	(16)
A Long Way to Go	239	(2)
The Staff Development Planning Model	241	(1)
Who Learns?	242	(1)
Different Alternatives for Different Needs	243	(1)
Designing and Implementing Effective Staff Development Programs	244	(5)
Hands-On Activities	245	(1)
One-on-One Coaching	245	(1)
Training the Trainer	246	(1)
Teachers Need Equipment, Too!	246	(1)
Incentives	247	(1)
Evaluation and Review	248	(1)
A Continuous Process	248	(1)
Resources	249	(1)
Case Study	250	(1)
Summary	250	(2)
Key Concepts and Questions	252	(1)
Suggested Activities	252	(1)
References	253	(1)
Managing Facilities	254	(26)
Getting Bigger	255	(1)
Staffing and Administration	256	(3)
Central Laboratories	259	(1)
Physical Environment	260	(4)
Facilities for Administrative Applications	260	(1)
Facilities for Instructional Applications	261	(3)
Data Communications Facilities and Information Infrastructure	264	(3)
Hardware Maintenance	267	(2)
Making Repairs	267	(1)
Providing Preventive Maintenance	268	(1)
Upgrading	268	(1)
Software Maintenance and Distribution	269	(1)
Policies, Procedures, and Documentation	270	(3)
Policies	271	(1)
Procedures	272	(1)
Documentation	272	(1)
Security	273	(2)
The Helping Place	275	(1)
Case Study	276	(1)
Summary	277	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	278	(1)
Suggested Activities	278	(1)
References	279	(1)
Financial Planning	280	(22)
Technology Can Be Expensive	281	(1)
The Cost-Effectiveness of Technology	282	(1)
A Time Line for Financial Planning	283	(3)
The Budget Worksheet	286	(2)
A Budget Model	288	(2)
Special Considerations of Budgeting for Computer Applications	290	(3)
Opting for Centralized or Decentralized Computer Facilities	290	(1)
Hiring a Consultant	291	(1)
Standardizing on a Common Vendor	291	(1)
Hardware First, Other Needs Later?	292	(1)
Choosing a Purchasing Plan	292	(1)
Sources of Funds	293	(3)
The School District Budget	293	(1)
Bond Issues	294	(1)
Governmental Entities	294	(1)
Gifts and Grants	295	(1)
Case Study	296	(2)
Summary	298	(1)
Key Concepts and Questions	299	(1)
Suggested Activities	300	(1)
References	300	(2)
Epilogue	302	(2)
Appendix A Basic Concepts of Computer Technology	304	(24)
Appendix B Educational Leader Competencies	328	(2)
Glossary	330	(14)
Index	344