Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory

by Boylestad, Robert L.; Nashelsky, Louis

• ISBN13: 9780130284839
• ISBN10: 0130284831
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Highly accurate and thoroughly updated, this classic has set the standard in electronic devices and circuit theory for over 25 years. Boylestad offers a complete and comprehensive survey, focusing on all the essentials needed to succeed on the job. Provides a colorful, reader-friendly layout that boasts a large number of stunning photographs. Integrates troubleshooting sections in most chapters, offering general hints on how to isolate a problem, identify its causes, and what action to take to rectify it. Includes over 40 new end-of-chapter practical examples added throughout. Expands coverage of computer software to include Mathcad, illustrating the versatility of the package for use in electronics. Adds summaries to the end of every chapter. Ideal for electronics professionals who want to brush up their software and troubleshooting skills.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Acknowledgments	ix
Semiconductor Diodes	1	(54)
Introduction	1	(1)
Ideal Diode	1	(2)
Semiconductor Materials	3	(3)
Energy Levels	6	(1)
Extrinsic Materials---n- and p-Type	7	(3)
Semiconductor Diode	10	(7)
Mathcad	17	(3)
Resistance Levels	20	(6)
Diode Equivalent Circuits	26	(3)
Diode Specification Sheets	29	(4)
Transition and Diffusion Capacitance	33	(1)
Reverse Recovery Time	34	(1)
Semiconductor Diode Notation	34	(1)
Diode Testing	35	(2)
Zener Diodes	37	(3)
Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)	40	(5)
Diode Arrays---Integrated Circuits	45	(1)
Summary	46	(1)
Computer Analysis	47	(8)
Diode Applications	55	(76)
Introduction	55	(1)
Load-Line Analysis	56	(6)
Diode Approximations	62	(2)
Series Diode Configurations with DC Inputs	64	(5)
Parallel and Series-Parallel Confiurations	69	(3)
AND/OR Gates	72	(2)
Sinusoidal Inputs; Half-Wave Rectification	74	(3)
Full-Wave Rectification	77	(4)
Clippers	81	(7)
Clampers	88	(4)
Zener Diodes	92	(6)
Voltage-Multiplier Circuits	98	(2)
Practical Applications	100	(12)
Summary	112	(1)
Computer Analysis	113	(18)
Bipolar Junction Transistors	131	(32)
Introduction	131	(1)
Transistor Construction	132	(1)
Transistor Operation	132	(2)
Common-Base Configuration	134	(4)
Transistor Amplifying Action	138	(1)
Common-Emitter Configuration	139	(7)
Common-Collector Configuration	146	(1)
Limits of Operation	147	(2)
Transistor Specification Sheet	149	(4)
Transistor Testing	153	(2)
Transistor Casing and Terminal Identification	155	(1)
Summary	156	(2)
Computer Analysis	158	(5)
DC Biasing---BJTs	163	(82)
Introduction	163	(1)
Operating Point	164	(2)
Fixed-Bias Circuit	166	(7)
Emitter-Stabilized Bias Circuit	173	(4)
Voltage-Divider Bias	177	(9)
DC Bias with Voltage Feedback	186	(3)
Miscellaneous Bias Configurations	189	(6)
Design Operations	195	(6)
Transistor Switching Networks	201	(5)
Troubleshooting Techniques	206	(3)
PNP Transistors	209	(1)
Bias Stabilization	210	(10)
Practical Applications	220	(8)
Summary	228	(3)
Computer Analysis	231	(14)
Field-Effect Transistors	245	(44)
Introduction	211	(35)
Construction and Characteristics of JFETs	246	(7)
Transfer Characteristics	253	(6)
Specification Sheets (JFETs)	259	(1)
Instrumentation	260	(2)
Important Relationships	262	(3)
Depletion-Type MOSFET	265	(3)
Enhancement-Type MOSFET	268	(8)
MOSFET Handling	276	(1)
VMOS	277	(1)
CMOS	278	(2)
Summary Table	280	(1)
Summary	281	(1)
Computer Analysis	282	(7)
Fet Biasing	289	(66)
Introduction	289	(1)
Fixed-Bias Configuration	290	(4)
Self-Bias Configuration	294	(7)
Voltage-Divider Biasing	301	(6)
Depletion-Type MOSFETs	307	(4)
Enhancement-Type MOSFETs	311	(6)
Summary Table	317	(2)
Combination Networks	319	(3)
Design	322	(2)
Troubleshooting	324	(1)
P-Channel FETs	325	(3)
Universal JFET Bias Curve	328	(3)
Practical Applications	331	(12)
Summary	343	(1)
Computer Analysis	344	(11)
BJT Transistor Modeling	355	(34)
Introduction	355	(1)
Amplification in the AC Domain	355	(1)
BJT Transistor Modeling	356	(2)
The Important Parameters: Zi, Zo, Av, Ai	358	(6)
The re Transistor Model	364	(7)
The Hybrid Equivalent Model	371	(6)
Graphical Determination of the h-Parameters	377	(4)
Variations of Transistor Parameters	381	(8)
BJT Small-Signal Analysis	389	(72)
Introduction	389	(1)
Common-Emitter Fixed-Bias Configuration	389	(4)
Voltage-Divider Bias	393	(3)
CE Emitter-Bias Configuration	396	(8)
Emitter-Follower Configuration	404	(5)
Common-Base Configuration	409	(2)
Collector Feedback Configuration	411	(6)
Collector DC Feedback Configuration	417	(3)
Approximate Hybrid Equivalent Circuit	420	(6)
Complete Hybrid Equivalent Model	426	(7)
Summary Table	433	(1)
Troubleshooting	433	(3)
Practical Applications	436	(8)
Summary	444	(2)
Computer Analysis	446	(15)
FET Small-Signal Analysis	461	(64)
Introduction	461	(1)
FET Small-Signal Model	462	(7)
JFET Fixed-Bias Configuration	469	(3)
JFET Self-Bias Configuration	472	(7)
JFET Voltage-Divider Configuration	479	(1)
JFET Source-Follower (Common-Drain) Configuration	480	(3)
JFET Common-Gate Configuration	483	(4)
Depletion-Type MOSFETs	487	(2)
Enhancement-Type MOSFETs	489	(1)
E-MOSFET Drain-Feedback Configuration	490	(3)
E-MOSFET Voltage-Divider Configuration	493	(1)
Designing FET Amplifier Networks	494	(3)
Summary Table	497	(3)
Troubleshooting	500	(1)
Practical Applications	500	(10)
Summary	510	(2)
Computer Analysis	512	(13)
Systems Approach---Effects of Rs and RL	525	(44)
Introduction	525	(1)
Two-Port Systems	525	(2)
Effect of a Load Impedance (RL)	527	(5)
Effect of a Source Impedance (Rs)	532	(2)
Combined Effect of Rs and RL	534	(2)
BJT CE Networks	536	(6)
BJT Emitter-Follower Networks	542	(3)
BJT CB Networks	545	(2)
FET Networks	547	(3)
Summary Table	550	(4)
Cascaded Systems	554	(1)
Summary	555	(2)
Computer Analysis	557	(12)
BJT and JFET Frequency Response	569	(58)
Introduction	569	(1)
Logarithms	569	(6)
Decibels	575	(1)
General Frequency Considerations	576	(3)
Low-Frequency Analysis---Bode Plot	579	(7)
Low-Frequency Response---BJT Amplifier	586	(8)
Low-Frequency Response---FET Amplifier	594	(6)
Miller Effect Capacitance	600	(2)
High-Frequency Response---BJT Amplifier	602	(7)
High-Frequency Response---FET Amplifier	609	(4)
Multistage Frequency Effects	613	(2)
Square-Wave Testing	615	(2)
Summary	617	(3)
Computer Analysis	620	(7)
Compound Configurations	627	(48)
Introduction	627	(1)
Cascade Connection	627	(5)
Cascode Connection	632	(1)
Darlington Connection	633	(5)
Feedback Pair	638	(4)
CMOS Circuit	642	(2)
Current Source Circuits	644	(2)
Current Mirror Circuits	646	(5)
Differential Amplifier Circuit	651	(6)
BIFET, BIMOS, and CMOS Differential Amplifier Circuits	657	(1)
Summary	658	(2)
Computer Analysis	660	(15)
Operational Amplifiers	675	(40)
Introduction	675	(2)
Differential and Common-Mode Operation	677	(4)
Op-Amp Basics	681	(4)
Practical Op-Amp Circuits	685	(6)
Op-Amp Specifications---DC Offset Parameters	691	(3)
Op-Amp Specifications---Frequency Parameters	694	(4)
Op-Amp Unit Specifications	698	(6)
Summary	704	(1)
Computer Analysis	705	(10)
Op-Amp Applications	715	(32)
Constant-Gain Multiplier	715	(4)
Voltage Summing	719	(3)
Voltage Buffer	722	(1)
Controller Sources	723	(2)
Instrumentation Circuits	725	(4)
Active Filters	729	(4)
Summary	733	(1)
Computer Analysis	733	(14)
Power Amplifiers	747	(44)
Introduction---Definitions and Amplifier Types	747	(2)
Series-Fed Class A Amplifier	749	(5)
Transformer-Coupled Class A Amplifier	754	(7)
Class B Amplifier Operation	761	(4)
Class B Amplifier Circuits	765	(7)
Amplifier Distortion	772	(4)
Power Transistor Heat Sinking	776	(4)
Class C and Class D Amplifiers	780	(2)
Summary	782	(2)
Computer Analysis	784	(7)
Linear-Digital ICs	791	(30)
Introduction	791	(1)
Comparator Unit Operation	791	(7)
Digital-Analog Converters	798	(4)
Timer IC Unit Operation	802	(3)
Voltage-Controlled Oscillator	805	(3)
Phase-Locked Loop	808	(4)
Interfacing Circuitry	812	(3)
Summary	815	(1)
Computer Analysis	815	(6)
Feedback and Oscillator Circuits	821	(38)
Feedback Concepts	821	(1)
Feedback Connection Types	822	(6)
Practical Feedback Circuits	828	(7)
Feedback Amplifier---Phase and Frequency Considerations	835	(2)
Oscillator Operation	837	(2)
Phase-Shift Oscillator	839	(3)
Wien Bridge Oscillator	842	(1)
Tuned Oscillator Circuit	843	(3)
Crystal Oscillator	846	(4)
Unijunction Oscillator	850	(2)
Summary	852	(1)
Computer Analysis	853	(6)
Power Supplies (Voltage Regulators)	859	(30)
Introduction	859	(1)
General Filter Considerations	859	(3)
Capacitor Filter	862	(3)
RC Filter	865	(3)
Discrete Transistor Voltage Regulation	868	(7)
IC Voltage Regulators	875	(5)
Practical Applications	880	(3)
Summary	883	(1)
Computer Analysis	884	(5)
Other Two-Terminal Devices	889	(34)
Introduction	889	(1)
Schottky Barrier (Hot-Carrier) Diodes	889	(3)
Varactor (Varicap) Diodes	892	(5)
Power Diodes	897	(1)
Tunnel Diodes	898	(4)
Photodiodes	902	(4)
Photoconductive Cells	906	(2)
IR Emitters	908	(1)
Liquid-Crystal Displays	909	(3)
Solar Cells	912	(4)
Thermistors	916	(2)
Summary	918	(5)
pnpn And Other Devices	923	(42)
Introduction	923	(1)
Silicon-Controlled Rectifier	923	(1)
Basic Silicon-Controlled Rectifier Operation	923	(2)
SCR Characteristics and Ratings	925	(2)
SCR Construction and Terminal Identification	927	(1)
SCR Applications	928	(4)
Silicon-Controlled Switch	932	(2)
Gate Turn-Off Switch	934	(1)
Light-Activated SCR	935	(2)
Shockley Diode	937	(1)
DIAC	938	(2)
TRIAC	940	(1)
Unijunction Transistor	941	(9)
Phototransistors	950	(2)
Opto-Isolators	952	(3)
Programmable Unijunction Transistor	955	(5)
Summary	960	(5)
Oscillosope and Other Measuring Instruments	965	(48)
Introduction	965	(1)
Cathode Ray Tube---Theory and Construction	965	(1)
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope Operation	966	(1)
Voltage Sweep Operation	967	(3)
Synchronization and Triggering	970	(4)
Multitrace Operation	974	(1)
Measurement Using Calibrated CRO Scales	974	(5)
Special CRO Features	979	(1)
Signal Generators	980	(2)
Computer Analysis	982	(1)
APPENDICES
A Making the Chips that Run the World	983	(13)
B Hybrid Parameters---Conversion Equations (Exact and Approximate)	996	(2)
C Ripple Factor and Voltage Calculations	998	(7)
D Charts and Tables	1005	(2)
E Solutions to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems	1007	(6)
Index	1013

Excerpts

In this edition we have written additional practical examples and summaries at the end of each chapter, and have expanded coverage of computer software. The chapter on IC construction was deleted and replaced with a well-written description of the process that first appeared inSmithsonian Magazine.It has some stunning photographs and content that is excellent for the new students of this rapidly changing field. Over the years we have learned that improved readability can be obtained through the general appearance of the text, so we are committed to the format you find in this and recent editions of the text. We hope you agree that it makes the text material appear "friendlier" to the broad range of students using the text. As in the past, we continue to be committed to the strong pedagogical sense of the text, accuracy, completeness, and a broad range of ancillary materials that support the educational process. PEDAGOGY Reviewers and current users appear to be quite satisfied with the manner in which the content lends itself to a typical course syllabus. The improved pedagogy of the last two editions seems to support the instructor's lecture and helps students build the foundation necessary for future studies. The number of examples continues to grow, and isolated boldface statements continue to identify important concepts and conclusions. Color continues to be employed in a manner that helps define important regions of characteristics, or identifies important regions or parameters of a network. Icons at the top of the page, developed for each chapter of the text, facilitate referencing a particular area of text as quickly as possible. Problems which have been developed for each section of the text, progress from the simple to the more complex. The title of each section is repeated in the problem section to identify the problems associated with a particular subject matter. SYSTEMS APPROACH There is no question that the growing development of packaged systems requires that the student become aware at the earliest opportunity of a "systems approach" to the design and analysis of electronic systems. Isolated no-load networks are first discussed in Chapters 8 and 9 to introduce the important parameters of any package and develop the important equations for the configuration. The impact of a source or load impedance on the individual package is then defined in Chapter 10 on a general basis before examining specific networks. Finally, the impact of tying the individual packages together is examined in the same chapter to establish some understanding of the systems approach. The later chapters on op-amps and IC units further develop the concepts introduced in these early chapters. ACCURACY The goal of any educational publication is to be absolutely free of errors. There is nothing more distressing to a student than to find that he or she has suffered for hours over a simple printing error. In fact, after all the hours that go into preparing a manuscript and checking every word, number, or letter there is nothing more distressing to an author than to find that errors have crept into the publication. Based on past history and the effort put into this publication, we believe you will find the highest level of accuracy obtainable for a publication of this kind. SUMMARIES In response to current users, summaries are added at the end of eactl chapter, reviewing the salient concepts and conclusions. To emphasize specific words and phrases, boldface lettering is used in much the same manner as a student would use a highlighting marker. The list of equations appearing with each summary was limited to those an instructor realistically hopes the student will bring away from the course. PRACTICAL EXAMPLES While the text now has over 80 practical examples, over 40 were added to this edition and they appear in their own sections. They provide an understanding of t