Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World

by Larson, Ron; Farber, Elizabeth

• ISBN13: 9780131924956
• ISBN10: 0131924958
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-01-31
• Publisher: SCHOOL GROUP

Table of Contents

Preface	x
Supplements	xiii
Acknowledgments	xiv
Features	xv
How to Study Statistics	xxi
Index of Applications	xxiii
Introduction to Statistics
Where You've Been	1	(1)
Where You're Going	1	(1)
An Overview of Statistics	2	(7)
Data Classification	9	(7)
Case Study: Rating Television Shows in the United States	15	(1)
Experimental Design	16	(16)
Uses and Abuses	23	(1)
Chapter Summary	24	(1)
Review Exercises	25	(2)
Chapter Quiz	27	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	28	(1)
History of Statistics---Timeline	29	(1)
Technology: Using Technology in Statistics	30	(2)
Descriptive Statistics	32	(84)
Where You've Been	33	(1)
Where You're Going	33	(1)
Frequency Distributions and Their Graphs	34	(15)
More Graphs and Displays	49	(11)
Measures of Central Tendency	60	(14)
Measures of Variation	74	(19)
Case Study: Sunglass Sales in the United States	92	(1)
Measures of Position	93	(23)
Uses and Abuses	105	(1)
Chapter Summary	106	(1)
Review Exercises	107	(4)
Chapter Quiz	111	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	112	(1)
Technology: Monthly Milk Production	113	(1)
Using Technology to Determine Descriptive Statistics	114	(2)
Probability	116	(54)
Where You've Been	117	(1)
Where You're Going	117	(1)
Basic Concepts of Probability	118	(12)
Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule	130	(10)
The Addition Rule	140	(10)
Case Study: Probability and Parking Lot Strategies	149	(1)
Counting Principles	150	(20)
Uses and Abuses	161	(1)
Chapter Summary	162	(1)
Review Exercises	163	(4)
Chapter Quiz	167	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	168	(1)
Technology: Simulation: Composing Mozart Variations with Dice	169	(1)
Discrete Probability Distributions	170	(44)
Where You've Been	171	(1)
Where You're Going	171	(1)
Probability Distributions	172	(12)
Binomial Distributions	184	(14)
Case Study: Binomial Distribution of Airplane Accidents	197	(1)
More Discrete Probability Distributions	198	(16)
Uses and Abuses	205	(1)
Chapter Summary	206	(1)
Review Exercises	207	(4)
Chapter Quiz	211	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	212	(1)
Technology: Using Poisson Distributions as Queuing Models	213	(1)
Normal Probability Distributions	214	(64)
Where You've Been	215	(1)
Where You're Going	215	(1)
Introduction to Normal Distributions and the Standard Normal Distribution	216	(13)
Normal Distributions: Finding Probabilities	229	(8)
Normal Distributions: Finding Values	237	(9)
Case Study: Birth Weights in America	245	(1)
Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem	246	(13)
Normal Approximations to Binomial Distributions	259	(19)
Uses and Abuses	269	(1)
Chapter Summary	270	(1)
Review Exercises	271	(4)
Chapter Quiz	275	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	276	(1)
Technology: Age Distribution in the United States	277	(1)
Confidence Intervals	278	(52)
Where You've Been	279	(1)
Where You're Going	279	(1)
Confidence Intervals for the Mean (Large Samples)	280	(15)
Case Study: Shoulder Heights of Appalachian Black Bears	294	(1)
Confidence Intervals for the Mean (Small Samples)	295	(8)
Confidence Intervals for Population Proportions	303	(9)
Confidence Intervals for Variance and Standard Deviation	312	(18)
Uses and Abuses	319	(1)
Chapter Summary	320	(1)
Review Exercises	321	(4)
Chapter Quiz	325	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	326	(1)
Technology: Most Admired Polls	327	(1)
Using Technology to Construct Confidence Intervals	328	(2)
Hypothesis Testing with One Sample	330	(72)
Where You've Been	331	(1)
Where You're Going	331	(1)
Introduction to Hypothesis Testing	332	(15)
Hypothesis Testing for the Mean (Large Samples)	347	(17)
Case Study: Human Body Temperature: What's Normal?	363	(1)
Hypothesis Testing for the Mean (Small Samples)	364	(10)
Hypothesis Testing for Proportions	374	(6)
Hypothesis Testing for Variance and Standard Deviation	380	(22)
Uses and Abuses	389	(1)
A Summary of Hypothesis Testing	390	(2)
Chapter Summary	392	(1)
Review Exercises	393	(4)
Chapter Quiz	397	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	398	(1)
Technology: The Case of the Vanishing Women	399	(1)
Using Technology to Perform Hypothesis Tests	400	(2)
Hypothesis Testing with Two Samples	402	(54)
Where You've Been	403	(1)
Where You're Going	403	(1)
Testing the Difference Between Means (Large Independent Samples)	404	(12)
Case Study: DASH Diet and Blood Pressure	415	(1)
Testing the Difference Between Means (Small Independent Samples)	416	(9)
Testing the Difference Between Means (Dependent Samples)	425	(12)
Testing the Difference Between Proportions	437	(19)
Uses and Abuses	445	(1)
Chapter Summary	446	(1)
Review Exercises	447	(4)
Chapter Quiz	451	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	452	(1)
Technology: Tails Over Heads	453	(1)
Using Technology to Perform Two-Sample Hypothesis Tests	454	(2)
Correlation and Regression	456	(52)
Where You've Been	457	(1)
Where You're Going	457	(1)
Correlation	458	(16)
Linear Regression	474	(10)
Case Study: Correlation of Body Measurements	483	(1)
Measures of Regression and Prediction Intervals	484	(10)
Multiple Regression	494	(14)
Uses and Abuses	499	(1)
Chapter Summary	500	(1)
Review Exercises	501	(4)
Chapter Quiz	505	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	506	(1)
Technology: Nutrients in Breakfast Cereals	507	(1)
Chi-Square Tests and the F-Distribution	508	(56)
Where You've Been	509	(1)
Where You're Going	509	(1)
Goodness of Fit	510	(11)
Independence	521	(12)
Case Study: Traffic Safety Facts	532	(1)
Comparing Two Variances	533	(9)
Analysis of Variance	542	(22)
Uses and Abuses	555	(1)
Chapter Summary	556	(1)
Review Exercises	557	(4)
Chapter Quiz	561	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	562	(1)
Technology: Teacher Salaries	563	(1)
Nonparametric Tests	564
Where You've Been	565	(1)
Where You're Going	565	(1)
The Sign Test	566	(11)
The Wilcoxon Tests	577	(10)
Case Study: Earnings by College Degree	586	(1)
The Kruskal-Wallis Test	587	(6)
Rank Correlation	593	(6)
The Runs Test	599
Uses and Abuses	607	(1)
Chapter Summary	608	(1)
Review Exercises	609	(4)
Chapter Quiz	613	(1)
Real Statistics--Real Decisions---Putting It All Together	614	(1)
Technology: U.S. Income and Economic Research	615
Appendices
Appendix A Alternative Presentation of the Standard Normal Distribution	1	(6)
Standard Normal Distribution Table (0-to-z)	1	(1)
Alternative Presentation of the Standard Normal Distribution	2	(5)
Appendix B Tables	7	(23)
Table 1 Random Numbers	7	(1)
Table 2 Binomial Distribution	8	(3)
Table 3 Poisson Distribution	11	(5)
Table 4 Standard Normal Distribution	16	(2)
Table 5 t-Distribution	18	(1)
Table 6 Chi-Square Distribution	19	(1)
Table 7 F-Distribution	20	(5)
Table 8 Critical Values for the Sign Test	25	(1)
Table 9 Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test	26	(1)
Table 10 Critical Values for the Spearman Rank Correlation	27	(1)
Table 11 Critical Values for the Pearson Correlation Coefficient	28	(1)
Table 12 Critical Values for the Number of Runs	29	(1)
Answers to the Try It Yourself Exercises	30	(17)
Answers to the Odd-Numbered Exercises	47
Index	1