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9780766816343

Engineering Drawing & Design

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780766816343

  • ISBN10:

    0766816346

  • Edition: 3rd
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2001-07-19
  • Publisher: Cengage Learning
  • View Upgraded Edition

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Summary

With increased emphasis on visualization, the design process, and modern CAD technology, this edition of our popular Engineering Drawing and Design book provides readers with an approach to drafting that is consistent with the National Standards Institute (NSI) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Newly reorganized, the first half of the book focuses attention on sketching, views, descriptive geometry, dimensioning, and pictorial drawings. The second half of the book invites readers to build upon these skills as they explore manufacturing materials and processes that span all of the engineering disciplines, including: welding, fluid power, piping, electricity/electronics, HVAC, sheet metal, and more! Each chapter contains realistic examples, technically precise illustrations, problems and related tests. Step-by-step methods, plus layout guidelines for preparing technically precise engineering drawings from sketches, are also featured throughout the book to provide readers with a logical approach to setting up and completing drawing problems. Ideal for use in introductory and advanced engineering graphics programs, the extraordinarily complete and current information in this book makes it an invaluable reference for professional engineers.

Table of Contents

Prefacep. xiii
Acknowledgmentsp. xix
Introduction to Engineering Drawing and Designp. 1
Drafting Technologyp. 2
Occupations in Architecture and Engineering Drafting Fieldsp. 2
Professional Organizationp. 9
How to Become a Drafterp. 10
Drafting Occupational Levelsp. 10
Drafting Job Opportunitiesp. 11
Searching for a Drafting Positionp. 11
Drafting Salaries and Working Conditionsp. 13
Computers in Design and Draftingp. 13
Workplace Ethicsp. 15
CADD Applications: Once Is Always Enough with CADDp. 15
Copyrightsp. 17
Patentsp. 17
Trademarksp. 18
Web Site Researchp. 19
Professional Perspectivep. 19
Introduction to Engineering Drawing and Design Testp. 20
Introduction to Engineering Drawing and Design Problemsp. 21
Sketching, Lettering, and Linesp. 22
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 22
Sketchingp. 23
Tools and Materialsp. 23
Sketching Straight Linesp. 23
Sketching Circular Linesp. 24
Sketching Arcsp. 27
Sketching Ellipsesp. 28
Measurement Lines and Proportionsp. 29
Procedures in Sketchingp. 29
Creating Multiview Sketchesp. 30
Letteringp. 34
Single-Stroke Gothic Letteringp. 34
Other Lettering Stylesp. 35
CADD Applications: Letteringp. 35
Lettering Legibilityp. 36
Vertical Freehand Letteringp. 37
Lettering Techniquesp. 38
Compositionp. 38
Making Guidelinesp. 39
Other Lettering Aids and Guideline Methodsp. 39
Basic Lettering Considerationsp. 39
Lettering Guide Templatesp. 39
Mechanical Lettering Equipmentp. 39
Linesp. 40
Types of Linesp. 41
CADD Applications: Drawing Linesp. 42
Pencil and Ink Line Techniquesp. 49
Professional Perspectivep. 51
Web Site Researchp. 52
Pulling It All Togetherp. 52
Math Application: Fractional Arithmaticp. 52
Sketching, Lettering, and Lines Testp. 52
Sketching, Lettering, and Lines Problemsp. 56
Drafting Equipment, Media, and Reproduction Methodsp. 65
Introductionp. 65
Drafting Equipmentp. 65
Drafting Furniturep. 66
Drafting Pencils, Leads, and Sharpenersp. 66
Technical Pens and Accessoriesp. 67
Erasers and Accessoriesp. 68
Drafting Instrumentsp. 69
Drafting Machinesp. 73
Scalesp. 76
Cleaning Drafting Equipmentp. 81
Drafting Mediap. 81
Papers and Filmsp. 82
Sheet Sizes, Title Blocks, and Bordersp. 83
Taping Down Your Drawingp. 88
Diazo Reproductionp. 88
Safety Precautions for Diazo Printersp. 89
Photocopy Reproductionp. 89
How to Properly Fold Printsp. 90
Microfilmp. 90
CADD Applications: CADD vs. Microfimp. 90
Digitizing Existing Drawingsp. 90
CADD Applications: CAD/CAMp. 92
Math Application: Angle Measurement in Radiansp. 92
Optical Scanning of Existing Drawingsp. 92
Web Site Researchp. 92
Drafting Equipment Testp. 93
Drafting Equipment Problemsp. 94
Computer-Aided Design and Drafting (CADD)p. 97
The Engineering Design Application: The Project Planning Processp. 97
What is CADD?p. 98
Industry and CADDp. 99
The CADD Workstationp. 102
The Future of CADDp. 109
Virtual Realityp. 109
Getting Started with a CADD Projectp. 111
Scaling and Scale Factorsp. 113
Using Layersp. 114
The Importance of Template Drawingsp. 115
Basic Drawing Functionsp. 116
Drawing with the Computerp. 119
Creating and Using Symbolsp. 123
Storing a Drawingp. 124
File Managementp. 125
Internet-Based CADDp. 125
Research Techniquesp. 126
Ergonomicsp. 127
Professional Perspectivep. 128
Web Site Researchp. 130
Math Applicationp. 130
Computer-Aided Design and Drafting Testp. 131
Introduction to CADD Problemsp. 131
The Engineering Design Processp. 134
The Engineering Design Application: Transitions to a Systems Approach: A Historic Point of Viewp. 134
Today's Engineering Design Modelsp. 136
The Engineering Design Processp. 136
Creativity and Innovation in Designp. 136
Design Analysis and Problem Solvingp. 138
Change and the Impact on the Design Processp. 139
Tracking Documents: ECO/ECRp. 139
The Design Review Processp. 140
Life Cycle of a Design Projectp. 140
Design Deliverablesp. 141
How the Design Process Has Responded to Changes in Engineeringp. 141
Professional Perspective: Only The Fast Survivep. 142
Web Site Researchp. 143
The Engineering Design Process Testp. 143
The Engineering Design Process Problemsp. 144
Geometric Constructionp. 145
Geometric Constructionp. 145
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 145
Characteristics of Linesp. 146
Geometric Shapesp. 146
CADD Applications: A Layout Approach for CADD Applicationsp. 146
Common Geometric Constructionsp. 150
Constructing Polygonsp. 154
CADD Applications: Drawing Geometric Shapesp. 158
Constructing Circles and Tangenciesp. 160
Constructing an Ellipsep. 164
CADD Applicationsp. 165
Web Site Researchp. 165
Professional Perspectivep. 166
Math Application: Interior Angles of Regular Polygonsp. 166
Geometric Construction Testp. 166
Geometric Construction Problemsp. 167
Multiviewsp. 171
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 171
Multiviewsp. 172
View Selectionp. 175
Projection of Circles and Arcsp. 178
CADD Applications: Fillets and Roundsp. 180
Line Precedencep. 180
Third-Angle Projectionp. 181
First-Angle Projectionp. 182
Recommended Reviewp. 184
Layoutp. 184
CADD Applicationp. 187
Math Application: Weight of an Elliptical Platep. 188
Professional Perspectivep. 190
Multiviews Testp. 190
Multiviews Problemsp. 190
Auxiliary Viewsp. 212
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 212
Auxiliary Viewsp. 212
Plotting Curves in Auxiliary Viewsp. 215
Enlargementsp. 216
Secondary Auxiliary Viewsp. 216
CADD Applications: Multiview and Auxiliary View Drawingp. 219
Auxiliary View Layoutp. 220
Professional Perspectivep. 221
Math Application: Projected Areap. 221
Auxiliary Views Testp. 223
Auxiliary Views Problemsp. 223
Descriptive Geometry Ip. 236
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 236
Basic Conceptsp. 236
Projection of a Point (Basic Concept 1)p. 238
Linesp. 241
Projection of a Line (Basic Concept 2)p. 242
Projection of a Line to Find Its True Length (Basic Concept 3)p. 243
Projection of a True-Length Line to Find Where It Appears as a Point (Basic Concept 4)p. 247
Planesp. 248
Projection of a Planep. 249
Professional Perspectivep. 256
Math Applicationp. 256
Descriptive Geometry I Testp. 257
Descriptive Geometry I Problemsp. 257
Descriptive Geometry IIp. 265
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 265
Directions of Lines and Planesp. 266
True Distance Between a Point and a Linep. 269
True Distance Between Two Skew Linesp. 270
Intersection of a Line and a Planep. 270
Visibilityp. 271
Intersection of Planesp. 271
Dihedral Anglesp. 273
An Introduction to Vector Geometryp. 275
Forces in Equilibriump. 278
Professional Perspectivep. 280
Descriptive Geometry II Problemsp. 280
Manufacturing Materials and Processesp. 286
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 286
Introductionp. 286
Manufacturing Materialsp. 287
Plasticsp. 290
Manufacturing Processesp. 293
CADD Applications: Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Machine Toolsp. 298
Machine Processesp. 299
Tool Designp. 317
CADD Applications: Jig and Fixture Designp. 317
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)p. 322
Integration of Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM)p. 323
Statistical Process Control (SPC)p. 324
Web Site Researchp. 326
Professional Perspectivep. 326
Math Application: Finding Means for SPCp. 327
Manufacturing Materials and Processes Testp. 327
Manufacturing Materials and Processes Problemsp. 330
Dimensioning and Tolerancingp. 332
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 332
Dimensioning Systemsp. 335
Dimensioning Rulesp. 337
Dimensioning Fundamentalsp. 340
Preferred Dimensioning Practicesp. 342
CADD Applications: Dimensioningp. 346
Notes for Size Featuresp. 347
Location Dimensionsp. 351
Dimension Originp. 352
Dimensioning Auxiliary Viewsp. 353
General Notesp. 353
CADD Applications: Using Layers for Dimensioningp. 354
Tolerancingp. 355
Dimensions Applied to Platings and Coatingsp. 359
Maximum and Minimum Dimensionsp. 359
Casting Drawing and Designp. 359
Machining Allowancep. 360
Machined Surfacesp. 363
CADD Applications: Dimensioning Software Packagesp. 369
Design and Drafting of Machined Featuresp. 370
Symbolsp. 370
An Introduction to ISO 9000p. 370
Professional Perspectivep. 371
CADD Applications: Dimensioning for CADD/CAMp. 373
Recommended Reviewp. 374
Math Application: Finding Diagonalsp. 375
Dimensioning and Tolerancing Testp. 375
Dimensioning and Tolerancing Problemsp. 377
Fasteners and Springsp. 386
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 386
Screw Thread Fastenersp. 386
Thread-Cutting Toolsp. 388
Thread Formsp. 389
Thread Representationsp. 391
Thread Notesp. 394
Measuring Screw Threadsp. 395
CADD Applications: Drawing Fastenersp. 397
Threaded Fastenersp. 397
Washersp. 406
Dowel Pinsp. 406
Taper and Other Pinsp. 406
Retaining Ringsp. 407
Keys, Keyways, and Keyseatsp. 407
Rivetsp. 407
Springsp. 407
CADD Applications: Drawing Springsp. 411
Recommended Reviewp. 412
Web Site Researchp. 412
Professional Perspectivep. 412
Math Application: Ratio and Proportion of a Taper Pinp. 414
Fasteners and Springs Testp. 414
Fasteners and Springs Problemsp. 415
Sections, Revolutions, and Conventional Breaksp. 421
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 421
Sectioningp. 422
Cutting-Plane Linesp. 422
Section Linesp. 422
Full Sectionsp. 424
Half Sectionsp. 424
Offset Sectionsp. 424
Aligned Sectionsp. 425
Unsectioned Featuresp. 426
CADD Applications: Sectioningp. 427
Intersections in Sectionp. 428
Conventional Revolutionsp. 428
Broken-Out Sectionsp. 428
Auxiliary Sectionsp. 429
Conventional Breaksp. 429
Revolved Sectionsp. 429
Removed Sectionsp. 430
Recommended Reviewp. 430
Professional Perspectivep. 431
Math Application: Distance Between Holes on a Bolt Circlep. 433
Sectioning Testp. 433
Sectioning Problemsp. 434
Geometric Tolerancingp. 458
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 458
General Tolerancingp. 459
Symbologyp. 460
Datum Feature Symbolsp. 460
Datum Reference Framep. 460
Datum Featuresp. 462
Datum Target Symbolsp. 462
Datum Axisp. 464
Feature Control Framep. 464
Basic Dimensionsp. 467
Geometric Tolerancesp. 468
Material Condition Symbolsp. 477
CADD Applications: Geometric Tolerancingp. 478
Location Tolerancep. 481
Datum Precedence and Material Conditionp. 484
Position of Multiple Featuresp. 484
Composite Positional Tolerancingp. 485
Two Single-Segment Feature Control Framesp. 486
Positional Tolerance of Tabsp. 486
Positional Tolerance of Slotted Holesp. 486
Positional Tolerance of Threaded Features and Gearsp. 487
Positional Tolerance of Counterbored Holesp. 487
Positional Tolerance of Coaxial Holesp. 487
Positional Tolerancing of Nonparallel Holesp. 488
Projected Tolerance Zonep. 488
CADD Applications: Geometric Tolerancing Symbolsp. 491
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing with AutoCADp. 491
Virtual Conditionp. 492
Statistical Tolerancing with Geometric Controlsp. 493
Combination Controlsp. 493
Web Site Researchp. 494
Professional Perspectivep. 495
Math Applications: Rounding Numbersp. 497
Geometric Tolerancing Testp. 497
Geometric Tolerancing Problemsp. 499
Mechanisms: Linkages, Cams, Gears, and Bearingsp. 507
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 507
CADD Applications: Mechanism Designp. 508
Mechanismsp. 509
Linkagesp. 509
Linkage Symbolsp. 509
Types of Linkagesp. 509
CADD Applications: Cams and Gearsp. 512
Camsp. 512
Cam Displacement Diagramsp. 513
Construction of an In-Line Follower Plate Cam Profilep. 516
Construction of an Offset Follower Plate Cam Profilep. 517
Drum Can Drawingp. 518
Gearsp. 519
CADD Applications: Cam Displacement Diagrams and Profiles; Cam Manufacturingp. 520
Gear Structurep. 520
Splinesp. 521
Gear Typesp. 521
Spur Gear Designp. 523
Gear Accuracyp. 525
Drawing Specifications and Tolerancesp. 525
Designing and Drawing Spur Gearsp. 525
CADD Applications: Gear Teethp. 526
Designing Spur Gear Trainsp. 526
Designing and Drawing the Rack and Pinionp. 528
Designing and Drawing Bevel Gearsp. 528
Designing and Drawing Worm Gearsp. 528
Plastic Gearsp. 529
Bearingsp. 532
Drawing Bearing Symbolsp. 533
Bearing Codesp. 534
CADD Applications: Bearing Symbolsp. 534
Bearing Selectionp. 534
Gear and Bearing Assembliesp. 539
Professional Perspectivep. 540
Web site Researchp. 541
Math Applications: Length of a Connecting Rodp. 541
Mechanisms Testp. 542
Mechanisms Problemsp. 542
Belt and Chain Drivesp. 551
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 551
Advantages of Gear Drivesp. 552
Advantages of Belt Drivesp. 552
Advantages of Chain Drivesp. 552
Belts and Belt Drivesp. 552
Belt Typesp. 552
Typical Belt Drive Arrangementsp. 554
Belt Drive Selectionp. 555
Chain Drivesp. 558
Chain Drive Sprocketsp. 559
Chain Classification and Typesp. 559
Precision Chainsp. 559
CADD Applications: Sprocketsp. 559
Nonprecision Chainsp. 560
Light-Duty Chainp. 560
Chain Drive Arrangementsp. 560
Roller Chain Drive Selectionp. 562
Professional Perspectivep. 565
Web Site Researchp. 565
Math Application: Belt Lengthp. 566
Belt and Chain Drives Testp. 566
Belt and Chain Drives Problemsp. 567
Working Drawingsp. 572
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 572
Detail Drawingsp. 573
Assembly Drawingsp. 576
Types of Assembly Drawingsp. 577
CADD Applications: Working Drawingsp. 580
Identification Numbersp. 580
Parts Listsp. 583
Purchase Partsp. 584
Engineering Changesp. 584
Drawing from a Prototypep. 588
Analysis of a Set of Working Drawingsp. 589
Professional Perspectivep. 589
Web Site Researchp. 592
Math Application: Distance Between Tangent Circlesp. 594
Working Drawings Testp. 595
Working Drawings Problemsp. 595
Pictorial Drawings and Technical Illustrationsp. 652
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 652
Pictorial Drawingsp. 653
Isometric Projections and Drawingsp. 653
Types of Isometric Drawingsp. 655
Isometric Construction Techniquesp. 655
Dimetric Pictorial Representationp. 660
Trimetric Pictorial Representationp. 660
CADD Applications: 3-D Capabilitiesp. 662
Exploded Pictorial Drawingp. 662
Oblique Drawingp. 662
Perspective Drawingp. 664
One-Point Perspectivep. 665
Two-Point Perspectivep. 665
Three-Point Perspectivep. 666
Circles and Curves in Perspectivep. 666
Basic Shading Techniquesp. 667
Layout Techniquesp. 668
Math Applicationp. 670
Professional Perspectivep. 670
Pictorial Drawings and Technical Illustrations Testp. 671
Pictorial Drawings and Technical Illustrations Problemsp. 671
Solid Modeling, Animation, and Virtual Realityp. 677
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 677
Types of 3D CAD Modelsp. 678
Modeling Kernelp. 680
Parametric Modeling and the Design Processp. 680
Working with Parts, Assemblies, and Featuresp. 682
Built-in Featuresp. 684
Editing Feature Historyp. 684
Animationp. 684
Virtual Realityp. 686
Professional Perspectivep. 689
Solid Modeling, Animation, and Virtual Reality Problemsp. 691
Solid Modeling, Animation, and Virtual Reality Testp. 691
Welding Processes and Representationsp. 693
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 693
Welding Testsp. 706
CADD Aplications: Welding Symbols and Applicationsp. 707
Welding Specificationsp. 710
Prequalified Welded Jointsp. 710
Weld Designp. 710
Professional Perspectivep. 710
Math Applications: Percentage of Welded Partsp. 711
Welding Processes and Representations Testp. 711
Welding Processes and Representations Problemsp. 712
Industrial Process Pipingp. 722
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 722
Where Is Industrial Piping Used?p. 722
What Is Pipe Drafting?p. 722
Types of Pipep. 727
CADD Applications: Pipingp. 727
Pipe Connection Methodsp. 731
Fittingsp. 733
CADD Applications: Three-Dimensional System Modelsp. 735
Flangesp. 736
Valvesp. 738
Pipe Draftingp. 744
Piping Detailsp. 747
CADD Applications: 3-D Digitizingp. 756
Layout Techniquesp. 757
Professional Perspectivep. 758
Math Applicationp. 759
Industrial Process Piping Testp. 759
Industrial Process Piping Problemsp. 760
Structural Draftingp. 765
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 765
Line Workp. 766
Letteringp. 766
Coordination of Working Drawingsp. 766
Structural Drafting Related to Construction Systemsp. 769
Concrete Constructionp. 769
Concrete Block Constructionp. 776
Wood Constructionp. 777
Steel Constructionp. 789
Common Connection Methodsp. 793
Components in a Set of Structural Drawingsp. 796
CADD Applications: Structural Draftingp. 797
Drawing Revisionsp. 804
Basic Drawing Layout Stepsp. 807
Pictorial Drawingsp. 810
Web Site Researchp. 810
CADD Applicationsp. 812
Professional Perspectivep. 812
Math Application: Designing An Observation Platformp. 813
Structural Drafting Testp. 813
Structural Drafting Problemsp. 814
Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC)/Pattern Development and Precision Sheet Metal Draftingp. 828
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 828
HVAC Drafting and Pattern Developmentp. 829
HVAC Systemsp. 829
Ventilationp. 831
Thermostatp. 832
HVAC Symbolsp. 832
HVAC Drawingsp. 832
CADD Applications: HVAC Pictorialsp. 835
Sheet Metal Draftingp. 842
Drawing Revisionsp. 842
CADD Applications: HVAC Industryp. 844
Pattern Developmentp. 846
Intersectionsp. 855
CADD Applications: Sheet Metal Pattern Designp. 857
Material Bending and Chassis Layoutp. 861
CADD Applications: Precision Sheet Metal Fabricationp. 863
Professional Perspectivep. 864
Math Application: Sheet Metal Bend Anglesp. 865
HVAC/Sheet Metal Drafting Testp. 865
HVAC/Sheet Metal Drafting Problemsp. 866
Electrical and Electronic Schematic Draftingp. 883
The Engineering Design Applicationp. 883
Fundamentals of Electrical Diagramsp. 884
Generation, Transmission, and Distribution of Electricityp. 887
The Electric Power Substation Design Drawingsp. 888
Residential and Commercial Electrical Plansp. 893
Professional Perspectivep. 895
Electronic Schematic Draftingp. 898
Electronic Diagramsp. 899
Printed Circuit Technologyp. 909
Pictorial Drawingsp. 917
CADD Applications: Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)p. 919
Professional Perspectivep. 920
Math Application: Working with Powers of Tenp. 920
Electrical and Electronic Schematic Drafting Testp. 921
Electrical and Electronic Schematic Drafting Problemsp. 922
Appendicesp. 945
Glossaryp. 997
Indexp. 1005
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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