Preface | p. ix |
Acknowledgments | p. xi |
Introduction | p. xiii |
New Directions in Civil Engineering | p. 1 |
History of Environmental Engineering | p. 3 |
Balancing Resources and Wastes | p. 8 |
Ecological Design | p. 9 |
Case Study: How Do Prairie Dog Tunnels Work? | p. 16 |
Zero Energy Architecture | p. 18 |
Biomimicry | p. 20 |
Techniques Used in Engineering and Design | p. 26 |
Abalone Shell-Designed for Strength | p. 27 |
Conclusion | p. 29 |
Designing Transit Systems | p. 31 |
Transport: Current Status and Future Needs | p. 33 |
Urban Transportation Systems | p. 35 |
Personal Vehicles | p. 40 |
Fuel Efficiency | p. 42 |
Pedestrians and Parking | p. 44 |
Commuter Rails and Buses | p. 46 |
Can Bicycles Make a Difference? | p. 47 |
Air Travel | p. 52 |
Roads | p. 54 |
Freight Transport | p. 57 |
Case Study: The World's Growing Car Culture | p. 58 |
Clean Ships | p. 60 |
Alternatives to Travel | p. 63 |
Conclusion | p. 65 |
Innovations in Personal Vehicles | p. 67 |
New Vehicles Emerge | p. 68 |
Drag and Energy Loss | p. 73 |
The Automobile Industry | p. 74 |
Efficient Vehicle Design | p. 75 |
Aerodynamics | p. 76 |
Power | p. 77 |
Vehicle Surface Technology | p. 78 |
Case Study: U.S. Interstate Highways' Effects on the Environment | p. 79 |
Conclusion | p. 82 |
Sustainable Manufacturing | p. 84 |
Today's Manufacturing Plants | p. 85 |
Wastes and Emissions | p. 89 |
Heat Energy | p. 94 |
Pollution Control in Manufacturing | p. 95 |
Zero Discharge Manufacturing | p. 97 |
Case Study: The Energy Cost of Making a Car | p. 101 |
Sustainability and Business | p. 102 |
Conclusion | p. 104 |
Energy-Efficient Electronics | p. 106 |
Energy Efficiency through the Years | p. 107 |
Solar Homes | p. 108 |
Smart Appliances | p. 115 |
Lighting | p. 117 |
Case Study: Learning from Electric Eels | p. 118 |
Home Energy and Heat Storage | p. 121 |
Light | p. 122 |
Sensors and Feedback | p. 124 |
The Btu and the Kilowatt | p. 126 |
Energy from Nanotechnology | p. 127 |
Conclusion | p. 130 |
Ecological Landscape Design | p. 132 |
Traditional Landscape Design | p. 133 |
Landscaping with Nature | p. 135 |
Frank Lloyd Wright | p. 138 |
Ecological Architecture | p. 141 |
Plants and Trees | p. 142 |
Soil, Water, and Lawns | p. 144 |
Biodiversity Gardens | p. 145 |
Rainwater Harvesting | p. 149 |
Microclimates | p. 149 |
Walkways and Driveways | p. 152 |
Case Study: America's Scenic Byways | p. 154 |
Landscape Design Skills | p. 154 |
Conclusion | p. 156 |
Sustainable Wastewater Treatment | p. 158 |
The Energy-Water Connection | p. 159 |
Wastewater in Developing Countries | p. 161 |
Case Study: Kufunda Learning Village, Zimbabwe | p. 164 |
Anaerobic Digesters | p. 165 |
Gray Water Reuse | p. 167 |
Methane-Cow Power | p. 168 |
Ecological Wastewater Treatment | p. 170 |
Carbon Adsorption | p. 173 |
Energy from Wastewater | p. 174 |
Conclusion | p. 177 |
Future Needs | p. 178 |
Appendixes | p. 180 |
Glossary | p. 188 |
Further Resources | p. 194 |
Index | p. 204 |
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