Ethical Theory and Business,9780133985207

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Ethical Theory and Business

by Tom L. Beauchamp; Norman E. Bowie

Edition:

5th

ISBN13:

9780133985207

ISBN10:

0133985202

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

9/1/1996

Publisher(s):

Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group

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Summary

Revised and updated to meet the ethical challenges of today's business world, Ethical Theory and Business presents a collection of readings that includes historical as well as contemporary material. Chapters offer thoughtfully collected essays, legal perspectives, and court cases that give readers a basis for understanding the latest developments in business ethics scholarship, analysis, and decision making. In addition to presenting the fundamental concepts and problems of business ethics, normative ethical theory, and the analysis of cases, the Fifth Edition of Ethical Theory and Business examines issues such as corporate social responsibility; business self-regulation versus government regulation; consumer, occupational, and environmental risk; drug testing; whistleblowing; affirmative action; reverse discrimination; sexual harassment; deception in advertising; ethical issues in international business; and social and economic justice.

PREFACE

Chapter One ETHICAL THEORY AND BUSINESS PRACTICE

(49)

PART ONE: FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND PROBLEMS

(19)

Morality and Ethical Theory

(2)

Morality and Prudence

(1)

Morality and Law

(2)

The Rule of Conscience

(1)

Approaches to the Study of Morality

(2)

Justification in Ethics

(1)

Relativism and Objectivity of Belief

(4)

Moral Disagreements

(2)

The Problem of Egoism

(6)

PART TWO: NORMATIVE ETHICAL THEORY

(23)

The Role of Professional Standards

(1)

Utilitarian Theories

(7)

Kantian Ethics

(5)

Contemporary Challenges to the Dominant Theories

(1)

Common Morality Theories

(2)

Rights Theories

(3)

Virtue Ethics

(1)

Feminist Theories and the Ethics of Care

(3)

A Prologue to Theories of Justice

(1)

PART THREE: ANALYSIS OF CASES

(7)

The Case Method in Law

(1)

The Case Method in Business

(1)

The Case Method in Ethics

(1)

Ethical Theory and Case Analysis

(5)

Chapter Two CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

(67)

THE PURPOSE OF A CORPORATION IS TO MAKE A PROFIT

(10)

Milton Friedman

The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits

(5)

John G. Simon

Charles W. Powers

Jon P. Gunnemann

The Responsibilities of Corporations and Their Owners

(5)

STAKEHOLDER THEORY

(19)

R. Edward Freeman

A Stakeholder Theory of the Modern Corporation

(10)

Kenneth E. Goodpaster

Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis

(9)

WHICH PERSPECTIVE IS BETTER?

(23)

John R. Boatright

Fiduciary Duties and the Shareholder-Management Relation: Or, What's So Special About Shareholders?

(11)

Norman E. Bowie

New Directions in Corporate Social Responsibility

(12)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

108

(4)

Michigan Supreme Court, Dodge v. Ford Motor Company

108

(2)

Supreme Court of New Jersey, A. P. Smith Manufacturing Co. v. Barlow

110

(2)

CASES

112

(4)

Case 1: Shutdown at Eastland

112

(1)

Case 2: The NYSEG Corporate Responsibility Program

113

(3)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

116

(1)

Chapter Three THE REGULATION OF BUSINESS

117

(74)

SELF-REGULATION

124

(33)

Kenneth J. Arrow

Business Codes and Economic Efficiency

124

(2)

Ian Maitland

The Limits of Business Self-Regulation

126

(10)

Richard T. De George

Ethical Responsibilities of Engineers in Large Organizations: The Pinto Case

136

(7)

Russell P. Boisjoly

Ellen Foster Curtis, and Eugene Mellican, Roger Boisjoly and the Challenger Disaster: The Ethical Dimensions

143

(14)

GOVERNMENT REGULATION

157

(22)

Robert J. Rafalko

Remaking the Corporation: The 1991 U.S. Sentencing Guidelines

157

(12)

Jennifer Moore

Corporate Culpability Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines

169

(10)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

179

(8)

Licensee Responsibility to Review Records Before Their Broadcast

179

(3)

Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Sentencing of Organizations

182

(5)

CASES

187

(2)

Case 1: The Advertising Code Case

187

(1)

Case 2: Beech-Nut Corporation

188

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

189

(2)

Chapter Four ACCEPTABLE RISK

191

(77)

CONSUMER RISK

201

(15)

Manuel Velasquez

The Ethics of Consumer Production

201

(9)

George G. Brenkert

Strict Products Liability and Compensatory Justice

210

(6)

OCCUPATIONAL RISK

216

(7)

Ruth R. Faden

Tom L. Beauchamp

The Right to Risk Information and the Right to Refuse Workplace Hazards

216

(7)

RISK TO THE ENVIRONMENT

223

(13)

Jang B. Singh

V. C. Lakhan

Business Ethics and the International Trade in Hazardous Wastes

223

(7)

W. Michael Hoffman

Business and Environmental Ethics

230

(6)

INVESTMENT RISK

236

(14)

Robert E. Frederick

W. Michael Hoffman

The Individual Investor in Securities Markets: An Ethical Analysis

236

(8)

Robert F. Bruner

Lynn Sharp Paine

Management Buyouts and Managerial Ethics

244

(6)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

250

(11)

Supreme Court of New Jersey, Henningsen v. Bloomfield Motors, Inc. and Chrysler Corporation

250

(4)

Supreme Court of the United States, Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc.

254

(3)

Supreme Court of New Jersey, State Department of Environmental Protection v. Ventron Corporation

257

(4)

CASES

261

(4)

Case 1: Protecting Consumers Against Tobacco

261

(1)

Case 2: Do Apple Computer Shareholders Need Protection?

262

(1)

Case 3: Virazole and Investor Risk

263

(1)

Case 4: OSHA Noncompliance and Security

264

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

265

(3)

Chapter Five RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES

268

(93)

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS IN HIRING AND FIRING

275

(17)

Patricia H. Werhane

Tara J. Radin

Employment at Will and Due Process

275

(9)

Richard A. Epstein

In Defense of the Contract at Will

284

(8)

THE TESTING OF EMPLOYEES

292

(36)

Mark A. Rothstein

Drug Testing in the Workplace: The Challenge to Employment Relations and Employment Law

292

(17)

Joseph DesJardins

Ronald Duska

Drug Testing in Employment

309

(11)

Joseph Kupfer

The Ethics of Genetic Screening in the Workplace

320

(8)

WHISTLEBLOWING

328

(11)

Sissela Bok

Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibility

328

(7)

Ronald Duska

Whistleblowing and Employee Loyalty

335

(4)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

339

(18)

Superior Court of New Jersey, Warthen v. Toms River Memorial Hospital

339

(5)

Superior Court of New Jersey, Potter v. Village Bank of New Jersey

344

(4)

Superior Court of Alaska, Leudtke v. Nabors Alaska Drilling, Inc.

348

(9)

CASES

357

(2)

Case 1: A Matter of Principle

357

(1)

Case 2: Catching a Thief by Honesty Exams

358

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

359

(2)

Chapter Six HIRING, FIRING, AND DISCRIMINATING

361

(82)

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND REVERSE DISCRIMINATION

370

(17)

Thomas Nagel

A Defense of Affirmative Action

370

(4)

Louis P. Pojman

The Moral Status of Affirmative Action

374

(5)

Tom L. Beauchamp

Goals and Quotas in Hiring and Promotion

379

(8)

PAY EQUITY AND COMPARABLE WORTH

387

(23)

Laurie Shrage

Some Implications of Comparable Worth

387

(6)

Jennifer M. Quinn

Visibility and Value: The Role of Job Evaluation in Assuring Equal Pay for Women

393

(5)

Robert L. Simon

Comparable Pay for Comparable Work

398

(12)

SEXUAL HARASSMENT

410

(9)

Edmund Wall

The Definition of Sexual Harassment

410

(3)

Vaughana Macy Feary

Sexual Harassment: Why the Corporate World Still Doesn't "Get It"

413

(6)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

419

(17)

Supreme Court of the United States, Local 28 of the Sheet Metal Workers' International Association v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

419

(5)

Supreme Court of the United States, City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Company

424

(6)

Supreme Court of the United States, Two Concurring Opinions in Adarand Constructors Inc. v. Pena

430

(2)

Supreme Court of the United States, Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. Vinson, et al.

432

(4)

CASES

436

(4)

Case 1: "Harassment" at Brademore Electric

436

(1)

Case 2: Sing's Chinese Restaurant

437

(1)

Case 3: USAir's Hiring Channel

438

(1)

Case 4: Weber and the Kaiser Aluminum Steelworkers Plan

439

(1)

Case 5: Comparable Worth in the Female Section?

440

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

440

(3)

Chapter Seven GATHERING, CONCEALING, AND GILDING INFORMATION

443

(71)

DISCLOSING AND BLUFFING

451

(12)

Albert Z. Carr

Is Business Bluffing Ethical?

451

(5)

Thomas Carson

Second Thoughts About Bluffing

456

(7)

DISCLOSURE IN SALES

463

(9)

James M. Ebejer

Michael J. Morden

Paternalism in the Marketplace: Should a Salesman Be His Buyer's Keeper?

463

(2)

Kerry S. Walters

Limited Paternalism and the Pontius Pilate Plight

465

(7)

TRUTH AND DECEPTION IN ADVERTISING

472

(19)

Tom L. Beauchamp

Manipulative Advertising

472

(8)

George G. Brenkert

Marketing to Inner-City Blacks: PowerMaster and Moral Responsibility

480

(11)

COMPETITOR INTELLIGENCE GATHERING

491

(8)

Lynn Sharp Paine

Corporate Policy and Ethics of Competitor Intelligence Gathering

491

(8)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

499

(7)

United States Court of Appeals (First Circuit), Irving A. Backman v. Polaroid Corporation

499

(3)

Supreme Court of the United States, Federal Trade Commission v. Colgate-Palmolive Co., et al.

502

(4)

CASES

506

(6)

Case 1: Food Labels and Artful Sales

506

(2)

Case 2: The Conventions of Lying on Wall Street

508

(1)

Case 3: Green Advertising

509

(1)

Case 4: Computer Math for Car Loans

510

(2)

Case 5: Marketing the Giant Quart

512

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

512

(2)

Chapter Eight ETHICAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

514

(95)

INTERNATIONAL NORMS

522

(47)

Norman E. Bowie

The Moral Obligations of Multinational Corporations

522

(13)

Thomas Donaldson

Fundamental Rights and Multinational Duties

535

(10)

Richard T. De George

International Business Ethics: Russia and Eastern Europe

545

(11)

Iwao Taka

Business Ethics: A Japanese View

556

(13)

THE REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

569

(23)

Bartley A. Brennan

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments of 1988: "Death" of a Law

569

(7)

William C. Frederick

The Moral Authority of Transnational Corporate Codes

576

(12)

Caux Round Table

Principles for Business

588

(4)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

592

(12)

Supreme Court of the United States, Ali Boureslan v. Arabian American Oil Company and Aramco Services Company

592

(6)

Supreme Court of Texas, Dow Chemical Company and Shell Oil Company v. Domingo Castro Alfaro et al.

598

(6)

CASES

604

(3)

Case 1: Foreign Assignment

604

(2)

Case 2: The Nestle Corporation

606

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

607

(2)

Chapter Nine SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTICE

609

THEORIES OF SOCIAL JUSTICE

617

(26)

John Rawls

An Egalitarian Theory of Justice

617

(8)

Robert Nozick

The Entitlement Theory

625

(4)

Peter Singer

Rich and Poor

629

(6)

Michael Walzer

Spheres of Justice

635

(8)

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC JUSTICE

643

(8)

Thomas Donaldson

The Ethics of Conditionality in International Debt

643

(8)

LEGAL PERSPECTIVES

651

(3)

Supreme Court of the United States, William M. Ferguson, Attorney General for the State of Kansas v. Frank C. Skrupa... Credit Advisors

651

(3)

CASES

654

(5)

Case 1: Baseball Economics

654

(1)

Case 2: Selling Cyclamates Abroad

655

(1)

Case 3: Cocaine at the Fortune-500 Level

656

(2)

Case 4: Covering the Costs of Health Care

658

(1)

Suggested Supplementary Readings

659

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Ethical Theory and Business

9780133985207

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