Ethics in Counseling and Psychotherapy Standards, Research, and Emerging Issues

by Welfel, Elizabeth Reynolds

• ISBN13: 9780534367527
• ISBN10: 0534367526
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-08-01
• Publisher: Brooks Cole

Summary

This book's philosophy is to equip students with the resources they need to deal effectively with the complex ethical and legal issues they will confront in practice. The author does this effectively by providing material that expands the students learning beyond the content of the professional codes of ethics to include knowledge of the more important scholarly writings in the field and by examining emerging ethical issues. The cases and discussion included in the book address very difficult ethics cases and show a ten-step model for analyzing those cases.

Table of Contents

PART ONE A Framework for Understanding Professional Ethical Standards	1	(44)
Introduction to Professional Ethics: A Psychology and Philosophy for Ethical Standards	3	(18)
Literature from Developmental Psychology	4	(1)
Components of Moral Behavior	5	(3)
Codes of Ethics	8	(4)
Literature from Philosophy	12	(1)
Research on Professional Ethics	13	(1)
The Scope of Unethical Practice	14	(3)
The Impact of Unethical Practice	17	(1)
Ethics and the Law	18	(3)
Summary	19	(1)
Discussion Questions	20	(1)
Recommended Readings	20	(1)
A Model for Ethical Decision Making: Using Resources to Enhance Individual Judgment	21	(24)
Forms of Ethical Reasoning	21	(2)
A Model for Ethical Decision Making	23	(22)
Summary	43	(1)
Discussion Questions	43	(1)
Case For Discussion	44	(1)
Recommended Readings	44	(1)
PART TWO Major Ethical Issues for Counselors	45	(202)
Competence to Practice: Building a Foundation for Doing Good and Avoiding Harm	47	(20)
Components of Professional Competence	47	(3)
Professional Standards for Practice	50	(1)
The Relationship Between Competence and Professional Credentials	51	(2)
Challenges in Defining the Limits of Competence	53	(6)
Distress, Burnout, and Impairment Among Professionals	59	(4)
Legal Ramifications of Incompetent Practice	63	(4)
Summary	64	(1)
Case For Discussion	65	(1)
Discussion Questions	66	(1)
Recommended Readings	66	(1)
Confidentiality: Supporting the Client's Right to Privacy	67	(38)
Ethical Principles Underlying Confidentiality	69	(1)
Codes of Ethics	70	(1)
Confidentiality and Communication with Other Mental Health Professionals	71	(1)
Confidentiality and Communication Within the Counselor's Family	72	(2)
Confidentiality and Privileged Communication	74	(1)
The Limits of Confidentiality	75	(14)
Confidentiality with Special Populations	89	(4)
Emerging Challenges to Confidentiality: Managed Care and Technology	93	(4)
Case for Analysis Using the 10-Step Model	97	(8)
Summary	101	(1)
Cases For Discussion	102	(1)
Discussion Questions	103	(1)
Recommended Readings	103	(2)
Informed Consent: Affirming the Client's Freedom of Choice	105	(19)
The History of Informed Consent	106	(1)
Underlying Ethical Principles	107	(1)
Codes of Ethics	108	(3)
Approaches to Informed Consent	111	(4)
The Interplay of Ethical and Clinical Considerations	115	(2)
Applications to Special Populations	117	(3)
Research Findings	120	(4)
Summary	121	(1)
Cases For Discussion	122	(1)
Discussion Questions	123	(1)
Recommended Readings	123	(1)
Sexual Misconduct: Violations of Power and Trust	124	(29)
Rationale for the Prohibition	125	(1)
Factors That Increase Client Vulnerability to Exploitation	125	(5)
Effects on the Counselor	130	(1)
Effects on the Reputation of the Profession	131	(1)
Research on the Scope of the Problem	132	(1)
Sexual Contact with Former Clients: A Controversial Issue	133	(6)
Sexual Contact in Educational, Consultation, and Employment Settings	139	(3)
Distinguishing Between Sexual Feelings and Sexual Misconduct	142	(2)
The Place of Nonerotic Touch in This Context	144	(3)
Providing Effective Subsequent Therapy for Victims	147	(1)
Cases Reexamined	148	(5)
Summary	151	(1)
Case for Discussion	151	(1)
Discussion Questions	152	(1)
Recommended Readings	152	(1)
Nonsexual Dual Relationships and Boundary Issues: Risking Objectivity and Client Welfare	153	(26)
Definition of Terms	155	(4)
Underlying Dynamics in Dual Relationships	159	(3)
The Views of Ethics Scholars	162	(1)
Questions to Consider in Decision Making	163	(2)
Research Findings: Practitioners' Views	165	(1)
Accepting Gifts from Clients	166	(2)
Dual Relationships and Rural Practice	168	(4)
The Ethics of Barter	172	(2)
Cases Reexamined	174	(5)
Summary	176	(1)
Cases for Discussion	177	(1)
Discussion Questions	178	(1)
Recommended Readings	178	(1)
Group and Family Counseling: Unique Ethical Responsibilities	179	(24)
Group Counseling and Psychotherapy	180	(1)
Competence and Group Counseling	181	(2)
Informed Consent in Group Counseling	183	(1)
Confidentiality and Privilege in Group Counseling	184	(3)
The Ethics of Dual Relationships in Group Counseling	187	(1)
The Ethics of Concurrent Individual and Group Counseling	187	(1)
The Ethics of Involuntary Group Participation	188	(1)
Ethical Issues in Multicultural Groups	189	(1)
Family and Couples Counseling	189	(1)
Case Illustrations of Special Issues	190	(9)
Legal Issues in Family Counseling	199	(4)
Summary	201	(1)
Cases for Discussion	201	(1)
Discussion Questions	202	(1)
Recommended Readings	202	(1)
The Ethics of Assessment: Using Fair Procedures in Responsible Ways	203	(28)
The Ethics of Diagnosis	204	(1)
A Rationale for Emphasizing Ethics in Diagnosis	204	(5)
Professional Ethical Standards for Diagnosis	209	(1)
The Ethics of Testing	209	(14)
Multicultural Issues in Testing	223	(2)
Tests in Employment Settings	225	(1)
Laws That Affect Testing	226	(1)
Cases for Analysis	226	(1)
Analysis of the Cases	227	(4)
Summary	228	(1)
Cases for Discussion	229	(1)
Discussion Questions	230	(1)
Recommended Readings	230	(1)
Ethical Counseling in a Multicultural Society: The Promise of Justice	231	(16)
The Language of Multicultural Counseling	232	(1)
The Context of the Current Ethical Standards	233	(1)
The Codes of Ethics on Multicultural Counseling	234	(3)
A Critique of the Current Ethics Codes	237	(1)
Cautions About a Multicultural Perspective	238	(1)
Cases for Analysis	239	(2)
Analysis of the Cases	241	(1)
Multicultural Counseling Competencies	242	(5)
Summary	243	(1)
Cases for Discussion	244	(1)
Discussion Questions	244	(1)
Recommended Readings	245	(2)
PART THREE Responsible Practice in Special Settings	247	(100)
Ethics in Community, Consulting, and Forensic Settings: Avoiding Conflicts of Interest	249	(34)
Responsibilities to Clients	249	(14)
Responsibilities to Colleagues	263	(3)
Responsibilities to Third Parties	266	(6)
The Ethics of Consultation and Coaching	272	(4)
The Ethics of Forensic Activities	276	(7)
Summary	280	(1)
Cases for Discussion	280	(1)
Discussion Questions	281	(1)
Recommended Readings	282	(1)
The Counselor in the Schools: Applying Professional Standards to the Educational Culture	283	(19)
Clash of Cultures: Open Versus Closed Communication Systems	283	(5)
Privilege for School Counselors	288	(1)
Parental and Community Values That Diverge from Professional Values	289	(2)
The Ethics of Peer Helping Programs	291	(2)
Legal Issues for School Counselors: State and Federal Statutes	293	(2)
Liability for School Counselors: An Emerging Reality	295	(1)
Liability for Student Suicides	295	(2)
Ethical and Legal Dimensions of School Violence	297	(5)
Summary	299	(1)
Cases for Discussion	300	(1)
Discussion Questions	301	(1)
Recommended Readings	301	(1)
The Ethics of Supervision: Modeling Responsible Behavior	302	(22)
Competence to Supervise	304	(1)
Responsible Use of Supervisory Power	305	(8)
Responsibilities for Client Welfare	313	(2)
Dual-Relationship Issues	315	(3)
Legal Aspects of Supervision	318	(6)
Summary	321	(1)
Cases for Discussion	322	(1)
Discussion Questions	322	(1)
Recommended Readings	323	(1)
Counselors as Teachers and Researchers: Integrity, Science, and Care	324	(23)
The Ethics of Teaching	324	(12)
An Ethics of Care	336	(1)
Obligations to Colleagues	336	(1)
The Ethics of Research	337	(6)
Special Ethical Concerns for Counseling and Therapy Researchers	343	(4)
Summary	344	(1)
Cases for Discussion	345	(1)
Discussion Questions	345	(1)
Recommended Readings	346	(1)
PART FOUR When Prevention Fails: Ethical Responses to Unethical Behavior	347	(20)
Responsibilities for Self and Colleagues: Reporting, Recovery, and Rehabilitation of Misconduct	349	(18)
Accountability of Counselors and Therapists	350	(1)
Procedures for Filing Ethics Complaints	350	(9)
Self-Monitoring: Taking Responsibility in the Absence of a Complaint	359	(2)
Assessing and Responding to the Damage	361	(1)
Rehabilitating the Counselor	362	(1)
Compassion and Empathy	363	(4)
Summary	363	(1)
Cases for Discussion	364	(2)
Discussion Questions	366	(1)
Recommended Readings	366	(1)
References	367	(24)
Appendix A American Counseling Association, Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice	391	(19)
Appendix B American Psychological Association, Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct	410	(17)
Appendix C National Board for Certified Counselors, Standards for the Ethical Practice of WebCounseling (1997)	427	(2)
Appendix D Sources of Specialized Ethics Codes and Guidelines in Mental Health Disciplines	429	(2)
Author Index	431	(8)
Subject Index	439