Preface | |
What is Ethics? | |
Ethics and its subdivisions | |
Morality as compared with other normative subjects | |
Traits of moral principles | |
Domains of ethical assessment | |
Conclusion | |
Ethical Relativism | |
Subjective ethical relativism | |
Conventional ethical relativism | |
Criticisms of conventional ethical relativism | |
Conclusion | |
Moral Objectivism | |
Aquinas+ objectivism and absolutism | |
Moderate objectivism | |
Ethical situationalism | |
Conclusion | |
Value and the Quest for the Good | |
Intrinsic and instrumental value | |
The value of pleasure | |
Are values objective or subjective? The relation of value to morality | |
The good life | |
Social Contract Theory and the Motive to be Moral | |
Why does society need moral rules? Why should I be moral? Morality, self-interest and game theory | |
The motive to always be moral | |
Conclusion | |
Egoism, self-Interest, and Altruism | |
Psychological egoism | |
Ethical egoism | |
Arguments against ethical egoism | |
Evolution and altruism | |
Conclusion | |
Utilitarianism | |
Classic utilitarianism | |
Act and rule-utilitarianism | |
Criticism of utilitarianism | |
Criticism of the ends justifying immoral means | |
Conclusion | |
Kant and Deontological Theories | |
Kant+s influences | |
The categorical imperative | |
Counterexamples to the principle of the law of nature | |
Other formulations of the categorical imperative | |
The problem of exceptionless rules | |
The problem of posterity | |
Conclusion: a reconciliation project | |
Virtue Theory | |
The nature of virtue ethics | |
Criticisms of action-based ethics | |
Connections between virtue-based and action-based ethics | |
Feminism and the ethics of care | |
Conclusion | |
Religion and Ethics | |
Does morality depend on religion? Is religion irrelevant or even contrary to morality? Does religion enhance the moral life? Conclusion | |
The Fact Value Problem | |
Hume and Moore: the problem classically stated | |
Ayer and emotivism | |
Hare and prescriptivism | |
Naturalism and the fact-value problem | |
Conclusion | |
Moral Realism and the Challenge of Skepticism | |
Mackie+s moral skepticism | |
Harman+s moral nihilism | |
A defense of moral realism | |
Conclusion | |
Appendix: How to Read and Write a Philosophy Paper | |
Glossary | |
Index | |
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