Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing,9780827377028

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Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing

by Burkhardt, Margaret

Edition:

1st

ISBN13:

9780827377028

ISBN10:

0827377029

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

2/3/1998

Publisher(s):

CENGAGE Delmar Learning

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Summary

This new book is a tool for the student nurse to use in the process of learning to make sound choices and act in principled ways. Close examination of the ethical theories, models, and principles that serve as guides for ethically sound behavior on the personal, professional, and global level give the student a broad view of the impact of ethics on nursing. Ask Yourself boxed articles present real-life ethical dilemmas to encourage reflection of personal beliefs and biases critical thinking. Case Presentations, Think About It boxes and discussion questions and activities offered in each chapter are designed to help students integrate and apply the content in real-life situations.

Preface

xiii

(3)

Acknowledgments

xvi

PART I Guides for Principled Behavior

(78)

Chapter 1 History of Nursing as an Ethical Science

(18)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Influence of Social Need

(3)

Spiritual and Religious Influences

(5)

Ancient Times

(1)

Early Christian Era

(1)

Middle Ages

(2)

Renaissance and Reformation

(1)

Influence of the History of Women

(6)

Ancient Times

(1)

Early Christian Era

(1)

Middle Ages

(4)

Renaissance and Reformation

(1)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Highlights

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

(1)

References

(2)

Chapter 2 Ethical Theory

(19)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(2)

Ethics and Nursing

(1)

Philosophy

(1)

Ethics

(2)

Philosophical Basis for Ethical Theory

(1)

Theories of Ethics

(10)

Utilitarianism

(3)

Deontology

(2)

Virtue Ethics

(3)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Highlights

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

(1)

References

(2)

Chapter 3 Ethical Principles

(24)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Respect for Persons

(1)

Autonomy

(7)

Recognizing Violations of Patient Autonomy

(2)

Informed Consent

(1)

Paternalism/Parentalism

(1)

Noncompliance

(1)

Beneficence

(1)

Nonmaleficence

(2)

Veracity

(3)

Confidentiality

(4)

Limits of Confidentiality

(2)

Justice

(1)

Fidelity

(1)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Highlights

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

(2)

References

(2)

Chapter 4 Ethical Decision Making

(16)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Ethical Dilemmas

(2)

Practical Dilemmas

(1)

Moral Distress

(1)

Making Decisions

(2)

Nursing Process and Ethical Decision Making

(1)

Scientific Process and Ethical Decision Making

(1)

Ethical Decision Making

(1)

Emotions and Ethical Decisions

(1)

Process of Ethical Decision Making

(4)

Gather Data and Identify Conflicting Moral Claims

(1)

Identify Key Participants

(1)

Determine Moral Perspective and Phase of Moral Development of Key Participants

(1)

Determine Desired Outcomes

(1)

Identify Options

(1)

Acting on the Choice

(1)

Evaluate Outcomes of Action

(2)

Applying the Decision Making Process

(2)

Gathering Data and Identifying Conflicting Moral Claims

(1)

Identifying Key Participants

(1)

Determining Moral Perspective and Phase of Moral Development of Key Participants

(1)

Determining Desired Outcomes

(1)

Identifying Options

(1)

Acting on the Choice

(1)

Evaluating Outcomes of Action

(1)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Highlights

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

(1)

References

(2)

PART II Developing Principled Behavior

(28)

Chapter 5 Values Clarification

(14)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

What Are Values?

(1)

Moral Values

(1)

Acquiring Values

(1)

Self-Awareness

(9)

Enhancing Self-Awareness

(2)

Values in Professional Situations

(2)

Impact of Institutional Values

(2)

Clarifying Values with Patients

(2)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Highlights

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

(1)

References

(2)

Chapter 6 Values Development

(13)

Objectives

(1)

Introduction

(1)

Transcultural Considerations in Values Development

(1)

Theoretical Perspectives of Values Development

(5)

Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

(1)

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

(1)

Gilligan's Study of the Psychological Development of Women

(1)

Fowler's Stages of Faith Development

(2)

Some Nursing Considerations

101

(2)

Summary

103

(1)

Chapter Highlights

103

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

104

(1)

References

104

(3)

PART III Principled Behavior in the Professional Domain

107

(126)

Chapter 7 Legal Issues

108

(25)

Objectives

108

(1)

Introduction

109

(1)

Relationship Between Ethics and the Law

109

(2)

General Legal Concepts

111

(11)

Sources of Law

111

(1)

Types of Law

112

(10)

Recent Legal Trends

122

(3)

Legal Trends Involving Managed Care Organizations

122

(1)

Malpractice Claims Against Nurses

123

(1)

Criminalization of Nurses' Professional Negligence

124

(1)

Risk Management

125

(3)

Maintaining Communication with Patients

126

(1)

Maintaining Conscientious Practice

126

(1)

Maintaining Autonomy and Empowerment

127

(1)

Liability Insurance

127

(1)

Nurses as Expert Witnesses

128

(1)

Summary

129

(1)

Chapter Highlights

130

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

130

(1)

References

131

(2)

Chapter 8 Professional Issues

133

(18)

Objectives

133

(1)

Introduction

134

(1)

Professional Status

134

(3)

Nurses as Professionals

136

(1)

Expertise

137

(1)

Autonomy

138

(3)

Accountability

141

(4)

Mechanisms of Accountability

141

(4)

Authority

145

(1)

Unity

146

(2)

Summary

148

(1)

Chapter Highlights

148

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

149

(1)

References

149

(2)

Chapter 9 Issues Involving Nurses and the System

151

(21)

Objectives

151

(1)

Introduction

152

(1)

Problem Solving in the Professional Realm

152

(5)

Attentiveness to Personal Values

153

(1)

Obligation

153

(2)

Determine Nature of the Problem

155

(2)

Nurses' Relationships with Institutions

157

(3)

Nurses' Relationships with Other Nurses

160

(2)

Nurses' Relationships with Physicians

162

(2)

Nurses' Relationships with Subordinates

164

(1)

Discrimination and Harassment

165

(4)

Racial Discrimination

166

(1)

Discrimination Against Persons with Disabilities

167

(1)

Sexual Harassment and Discrimination

168

(1)

Summary

169

(1)

Chapter Highlights

169

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

170

(1)

References

170

(2)

Chapter 10 Practice Issues Related to Technology

172

(24)

Objectives

172

(1)

Introduction

173

(1)

Benefits and Challenges of Technology

173

(2)

Quality of Life

174

(1)

Principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

175

(1)

Current Technology--Issues and Dilemmas

175

(15)

Treating Patients: When to Intervene and to What End

175

(1)

Issues of Life, Death, and Dying

176

(3)

Medical Futility

179

(4)

Do Not Resuscitate Orders

183

(2)

Artificial Sources of Nutrition

185

(1)

Legal Issues Related to Technology

186

(2)

Examples of Potential Dilemmas with Other Technology

188

(2)

Nursing Practice in the Midst of Technology

190

(3)

Attitudes and Values

191

(1)

The Importance of Communication--Who Decides?

191

(1)

Caring--The Human Focus

192

(1)

Summary

193

(1)

Chapter Highlights

193

(1)

Discussion Questions and Activities

194

(1)

References

194

(1)

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Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing

9780827377028

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Table of Contents