Ethics: Theory And Contemporary Issues

by MacKinnon, Barbara

Edition:

5th

ISBN13:

9780495007166

ISBN10:

0495007161

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

2/22/2006

Publisher(s):

Wadsworth Publishing

Upgraded Edition: Click here!

Other versions by this Author

List Price: ~~$114.00~~

Rent Textbook

(Recommended)

Term

Due

Price

Short Term

Aug 2

$24.58

Semester

Sep 30

$57.00

Quarter

Aug 21

$51.30

$24.58

Buy Used Textbook

In Stock Usually Ships in 24 Hours.

$23.54

eTextbook

We're Sorry
Not Available

New Textbook

We're Sorry
Sold Out

More New and Used
from Private Sellers

Starting at $0.01

Questions About This Book?

Why should I rent this book?

Renting is easy, fast, and cheap! Renting from eCampus.com can save you hundreds of dollars compared to the cost of new or used books each semester. At the end of the semester, simply ship the book back to us with a free UPS shipping label! No need to worry about selling it back.

How do rental returns work?

Returning books is as easy as possible. As your rental due date approaches, we will email you several courtesy reminders. When you are ready to return, you can print a free UPS shipping label from our website at any time. Then, just return the book to your UPS driver or any staffed UPS location. You can even use the same box we shipped it in!

What version or edition is this?

This is the 5th edition with a publication date of 2/22/2006.

What is included with this book?

The Used copy of this book is not guaranteed to inclue any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included.
The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. You may receive a brand new copy, but typically, only the book itself.

Summary

Through a combination of the illuminating overviews composed by the editor and readings drawn from important traditional and contemporary sources, MacKinnon's acclaimed ETHICS provides students with a superbly balanced introduction to both ethical theory and the moral debates surrounding a variety of contemporary issues. Designed to offer instructors maximum flexibility and revised with the intention of providing reader friendly, but not superficial, access to many complex concepts, ETHICS is a comprehensive and clear-sighted introduction to both the general and specific arenas in which ethical deliberation is obliged to dwell.

Preface

History of Ethics Time Line

xviii

PART ONE ETHICAL THEORY

(132)

Ethics and Ethical Reasoning

(16)

Why Study Ethics?

(1)

What Is Ethics?

(2)

Ethics and Religion

(1)

Ethical and Other Types of Evaluation

Ethical Terms

Ethics and Reasons

(3)

Ethical Reasoning and Arguments

(2)

The Structure of Ethical Reasoning and Argument

(1)

Evaluating and Making Good Arguments

(1)

Ethical Theory

(1)

Types of Ethical Theory

(1)

Can Ethics Be Taught?

(1)

Reading

Plato Euthyphro

(4)

Review Exercises

(1)

Selected Bibliography

(2)

Ethical Relativism

(12)

What Is Ethical Relativism?

(1)

Two Forms of Ethical Relativism

(1)

Reasons Supporting Ethical Relativism

(1)

The Diversity of Moral Views

(1)

Moral Uncertainty

(1)

Situational Differences

(1)

Are These Reasons Convincing?

(2)

The Diversity of Moral Views

(1)

Moral Uncertainty

(1)

Situational Differences

(1)

Further Considerations

(1)

Moral Realism

(1)

Moral Pluralism

(1)

Mary Midgley Trying Out One's New Sword

(3)

Review Exercises

(1)

Selected Bibliography

(2)

Egoism

(19)

Psychological Egoism

(2)

What is Psychological Egoism?

(1)

Is Psychological Egoism True?

(1)

Ethical Egoism

(1)

What is Ethical Egoism?

(1)

Is Ethical Egoism a Good Theory?

(1)

The Moral Point of View

(1)

Why Be Moral?

(2)

Plato The Ring of Gyges

(6)

Thomas Hobbes Self Love

(5)

Review Exercises

(1)

Selected Bibliography

(1)

Utilitarianism

(23)

Historical Hackground

(1)

Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill

(1)

The Principle of Utility

(3)

A Consequentialist Principle

(1)

The Intrinsic Good: Pleasure or Happiness

(1)

Calculating the Greatest Amount of Happiness

(1)

Quantity and Quality of Pleasure

(1)

Evaluating Utilitarianism

(1)

Application of the Principle

(1)

Utilitarianism and Personal Integrity

(1)

Ends and Means

(1)

Act and Rule Utilitarianism

(1)

``Proof'' of The Theory

(1)

Contemporary Versions

(3)

Preference Utilitarianism

(1)

Cost-Benefit Analysis

(2)

Jeremy Bentham An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)

(5)

John Stuart Mill Utilitarianism

(5)

Review Exercises

(1)

Selected Bibliography

(1)

Kant's Moral Theory

(23)

Historical Background: Immanuel Kant

(1)

What Gives An Act Moral Worth?

(2)

What Is the Right Motive?

(1)

What is the Right Thing to Do?

(1)

The Categorical Imperative

(3)

The First Form

(1)

The Second Form

(2)

Evaluating Kant's Moral Theory

(2)

The Nature of Moral Obligation

(1)

The Application of the Categorical Imperative

(1)

Duty

(1)

Moral Equality and Impartiality

(1)

Perfect and Imperfect Duties

(1)

Variations on Kantian Moral Theory

(2)

Reading

Immanuel Kant Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals

(11)

Review Exercises

(1)

Selected Bibliography

(2)

Natural Law and Natural Rights

(14)

Natural Law Theory

(1)

What Kind of Law Is Natural Law?

(1)

Historical Origins: Aristotle

(6)

Nature, Human Nature, and the Human Good

(2)

Evaluating Natural Law Theory

(1)

Natural Rights

(1)

Evaluating Natural Rights Theory

100

(2)

Readings

Thomas Aquinas On Natural Law

102

(2)

John Locke Second Treatise of Civil Government

104

(3)

Review Exercises

107

(1)

Selected Bibliography

107

(2)

Virtue Ethics

109

(24)

Virtues and Everyday Life

109

(1)

What Is Virtue?

110

(1)

Masculine and Feminine Virtues

111

(2)

Evaluating Virtue Ethics

113

(2)

Readings

Aristotle The Nicomachean Ethics

115

(6)

Philippa Foot Virtues and Vices

121

(9)

Review Exercises

130

(1)

Selected Bibliography

130

(3)

PART TWO ETHICAL ISSUES

133

(337)

Euthanasia

134

(28)

Brain Death, Coma, and Persistent Vegetative State

135

(1)

Meaning and Types of Euthanasia

136

(8)

Active and Passive Euthanasia

136

(2)

Physician-Assisted Suicide

138

(2)

Pain Medication that Causes Death

140

(1)

Ordinary and Extraordinary Measures

141

(1)

Voluntary and Nonvoluntary Euthanasia

142

(1)

Combining the Types of Euthanasia

143

(1)

Morality and the Law

144

(1)

Making Moral Judgments About Euthanasia

144

(4)

The Moral Significance of Voluntariness

144

(2)

Active Versus Passive Euthanasia

146

(1)

Ordinary Versus Extraordinary Measures

147

(1)

Infant Euthanasia

148

(3)

Readings

J. Gay-Williams The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia

151

(3)

James Rachels Active and Passive Euthanasia

154

(4)

Review Exercises

158

(1)

Discussion Cases

159

(1)

Selected Bibliography

160

(2)

Abortion

162

(35)

Stages of Fetal Development

163

(1)

Methods of Abortion

164

(1)

Abortion and the Law

164

(2)

Abortion: The Moral Question

166

(1)

Arguments that Do Not Depend on the Moral Status of the Fetus

167

(1)

Utilitarian Reasoning

167

(1)

Some Rights Arguments

168

(1)

Arguments that Depend on the Moral Status of the Fetus

168

(7)

Method I

169

(2)

Method II

171

(4)

Readings

Judith Jarvis Thomson A Defense of Abortion

175

(11)

Don Marquis Why Abortion Is Immoral

186

(8)

Review Exercises

194

(1)

Discussion Cases

194

(1)

Selected Bibliography

195

(2)

Sexual Morality

197

(23)

Conceptual Problems: What Is and Is Not Sexual

199

(1)

Relevant Factual Matters

200

(1)

Sexual Morality and Ethical Theories

200

(4)

Consequentialist or Utilitarian Considerations

201

(1)

Nonconsequentialist or Kantian Considerations

202

(1)

Naturalness Considerations

202

(2)

Homosexuality

204

(2)

Readings

Thomas Nagel Sexual Perversion

206

(6)

Richard D. Mohr Prejudice and Homosexuality

212

(6)

Review Exercises

218

(1)

Discussion Cases

218

(1)

Selected Bibliography

218

(2)

Pornography

220

(24)

Liberty-Limiting Principles

221

(5)

The Harm Principle

222

(1)

The Social Harm Principle

223

(1)

The Offense Principle

224

(1)

Legal Paternalism

225

(1)

Legal Moralism

225

(1)

Feminism and Pornography

226

(2)

Readings

John Stuart Mill On Libert

228

(2)

Ann Garry Sex, Lies, and Respect

230

(11)

Review Exercises

241

(1)

Discussion Cases

242

(1)

Selected Bibliography

242

(2)

Equality and Discrimination

244

(26)

Civil Rights Laws: A Brief History

247

(1)

Racism and Sexism

248

(2)

The Principle of Equality

250

(4)

Justice

250

(1)

Social Benefits and Harms

251

(1)

Proof

251

(1)

Real Differences

251

(1)

Relevant Differences

252

(1)

Challenges to the Principle

252

(2)

Affirmative Action and Preferential Treatment

254

(6)

Consequentialist Considerations

255

(2)

Nonconsequentialist Considerations

257

(3)

Readings

Robert K. Fullinwider Affirmative Action and Fairness

260

(4)

Lisa Newton Reverse Discrimination as Unjustified

264

(3)

Review Exercises

267

(1)

Discussion Cases

267

(1)

Selected Bibliography

268

(2)

Economic Justice

270

(30)

Process or End State Distributive Justice

272

(1)

Equal Opportunity

273

(2)

Political and Economic Theories

275

(7)

Libertarianism

275

(1)

Capitalism

276

(1)

Socialism

276

(1)

Modern Liberalism

277

(1)

John Rawls's Theory of Justice

278

(2)

Communitarianism

280

(2)

Readings

John Rawls Justice as Fairness

282

(7)

Robert Nozick Distributive Justice

289

(8)

Review Exercises

297

(1)

Discussion Cases

297

(1)

Selected Bibliography

298

(2)

Legal Punishment

300

(29)

The Nature of Legal Punishment

302

(1)

The Deterrence Argument

303

(1)

Problematic Aspects

303

(1)

The Retributivist Argument

304

(2)

Problematic Aspects

306

(1)

Punishment and Responsibility

306

(2)

The Death Penalty

308

(4)

On Deterrence Grounds

308

(1)

On Retributivist Grounds

309

(1)

Other Concerns

310

(2)

Readings

Hugo Adam Bedau A World Without Punishment

312

(9)

Ernest van den Haag The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense

321

(5)

Review Exercises

326

(1)

Discussion Cases

327

(1)

Selected Bibliography

327

(2)

Environmental Ethics

329

(31)

The Environment

330

(1)

Value

331

(1)

Anthropocentrism

331

(5)

Cost-Benefit Analysis

332

(1)

Human Environmental Impact

333

(3)

Ecocentrism

336

(2)

Deep Ecology

338

(1)

Ecofeminism

339

(1)

Sustainable Development

340

(3)

Readings

William F. Baxter People or Penguins: The Case for Optimal Pollution

343

(5)

Bill Devall and George Sessions Deep Ecology

348

(9)

Review Exercises

357

(1)

Discussion Cases

357

(1)

Selected Bibliography

358

(2)

Animal Rights

360

(27)

Sentience

361

(1)

Animal Rights

362

(2)

Animal Experimentation

364

(3)

Endangered Species

367

(3)

Readings

Peter Singer All Animals Are Equal

370

(8)

Bonnie Steinbock Speciesism and the Idea of Equality

378

(6)

Review Exercises

384

(1)

Discussion Cases

385

(1)

Selected Bibliography

385

(2)

Stem-Cell Research, Cloning, and Genetic Engineering

387

(32)

Stem-Cell Research

387

(2)

Legal and Ethical Issues

388

(1)

Human Cloning

389

(5)

Therapeutic Cloning.

389

(1)

Reproductive Cloning

389

(2)

Ethical Issues

391

(3)

Genetic Engineering

394

(3)

Ethical Issues

395

(2)

Genetically Modified Plants and Animals

397

(2)

Ethical Issues

398

(1)

Genetic Screening

399

(4)

The Value of Privacy

399

(1)

Screening and Conflicts of Interest

400

(3)

Readings

Leon R. Kass The Wisdom of Repugnance

403

(6)

Kerry Lynn Macintosh Illegal Beings: Human Clones and the Law

409

(7)

Review Exercises

416

(1)

Discussion Cases

416

(1)

Selected Bibliography

416

(3)

Violence, Terrorism, and War

419

(25)

Violence

419

(2)

Terrorism

421

(2)

Ethical Issues

422

(1)

Pacifism

423

(1)

Just War Theory

424

(3)

Jus ad Bellum

425

(1)

Jus in Bello

426

(1)

Weapons of Mass Destruction

427

(1)

War Crimes and Universal Human Rights

428

(4)

Readings

Jean Bethke Elshtain What Is a Terrorist?

432

(4)

Michael Walzer The Triumph of just War Theory (and the Dangers of Success)

436

(6)

Review Exercises

442

(1)

Discussion Cases

442

(1)

Selected Bibliography

442

(2)

Global Issues and Globalization

444

(26)

Rich and Poor Nations

445

(5)

Causes and Solutions

446

(2)

Ethical Considerations

448

(2)

Globalization

450

(5)

Values

452

(1)

Free Market Capitalism

452

(1)

Modernization

453

(2)

Readings

Peter Singer Famine, Affluence, and Morality

455

(8)

Herman E. Daly Globalization and Its Discontents

463

(4)

Review Exercises

467

(1)

Discussion Cases

468

(1)

Selected Bibliography

468

(2)

APPENDIX How to Write an Ethics Paper

470

(13)

The Content of the Paper

470

(1)

The Paper's Structure

470

(3)

Format

471

(2)

Grammar, Spelling, and Gender

473

(1)

Types of Ethics Papers

473

(2)

A Historical Approach

474

(1)

A Problem in Ethical Theory

474

(1)

A Contemporary Moral Issue

474

(1)

Is It an Ethics Paper?

475

(1)

Structuring or Analyzing an Ethical Argument

475

(2)

Reasons and Conclusions

475

(1)

Types and Sources of Evidence

476

(1)

Types of Reasons

476

(1)

Top-to-Bottom or Bottom-to-Top Reasoning?

476

(1)

Using Analogies

477

(1)

Sample Ethics Papers

477

(6)

Historical Approach

478

(1)

A Problem in Ethical Theory

479

(2)

A Contemporary Ethical Issue

481

(2)

Index

483

Ethics: Theory And Contemporary Issues

9780495007166

Rent Textbook

Buy Used Textbook

eTextbook

New Textbook

Questions About This Book?

Related Products

Summary

Table of Contents