Preface | |
The Nature of Morality | |
Objectives | |
What is Philosophy and Ethics Relationship to It? | |
Key Terms | |
Approaches to the Study of Morality | |
Morality and Its Applications | |
Where Does Morality Come From? | |
Customary or Traditional and Reflective Morality | |
Morality, Law, and Religion | |
Kohlbergs Theory of Moral Development | |
Why Should Human Beings Be Moral? | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Consequentialist (Teleological) Theories of Morality | |
Objectives | |
Psychological Egoism | |
Ethical Egoism | |
Utilitarianism | |
Difficulty with Consequentialist Theories in General | |
Care Ethics | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Nonconsequentialist (Deontological) Theories of Morality | |
Objectives | |
Act Nonconsequentialist Theories | |
Rule Nonconsequentialist Theories | |
General Criticisms of Nonconsequentialist Theories | |
Conclusions | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Virtue Ethics | |
Objectives | |
Definition of Terms | |
Aristotles Nichomachean Ethics | |
Confucian Moral Self-Cultivation | |
Confucian Role Ethics | |
Contemporary Analysis of Virtue Ethics | |
Who Is The Ideal Virtuous Person? | |
Vice and Virtue | |
Conclusions | |
Chapter Summary | |
Excersices for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Absolutism versus Relativism | |
Objectives | |
The Meanings of Absolute | |
The Meaning of Relative | |
Cultural Relativism and Cultural Absolutism | |
Propositions and Truth | |
Conclusion | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Freedom versus Determinism | |
Objectives | |
The Meaning of Determinism | |
Types and Theories of Determinism | |
Fatalism and Hard and Soft Determinism | |
Indeterminism | |
Criticisms of Hard Determinism and Arguments for Freedom | |
Conclusion: Soft Determinism | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Reward and Punishment | |
Objectives | |
Definition of Key Terms | |
Reward and Punishment in Relationship to Justice | |
Elements of Justice | |
Reward | |
Theories of How to Reward | |
John Rawls and His Theory of Justice | |
Punishment | |
Theories of Punishment | |
Is a Synthesis Possible? | |
Human Rights | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Research Navigator | |
Setting Up a Moral System: Basic Assumptions and Basic Principles | |
Objectives | |
Conflicting General Moral Issues | |
Basic Assumptions | |
Basic Principles, Individual Freedom, and Their Justification | |
Priority of the Basic Principles | |
A General Way of Determining Priority | |
Two Categories | |
How the System of Humanitarian Ethics Works | |
Conclusion | |
Chapter Summary | |
Exercises for Review | |
Discussion Questions | |
Note | |
Research Navigator | |
The Taking of Human Life | |
Objectives | |
The Taking of Human Life | |
Suicide | |
Defense of the Innocent (the Self Included) | |
Cases for Study and Discussion | |
WarTerrorism | |
Cases for Study and Discussion | |
Capital Punishment | |
Cases for Study and Discussion | |
Chapter Summary | |
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